Constitutive IL-2 mRNA expression in lymphocytes, infected with the intracellular parasite Theileria parva.

Theileria parva-infected lymphoblastoid cell lines of T or B cell origin were examined for IL-2 mRNA expression. T. parva-infected T cell lines could be of the CD4-CD8-, CD4+CD8-, CD4-CD8+, or CD4+CD8+ phenotype and express alpha beta or gamma delta TCR.

Cloning of a full-length cDNA encoding bovine interleukin 4 by the polymerase chain reaction.

A human interleukin 4 (hIL-4)-encoding cDNA (hIL4) probe was used to screen a bovine genomic library, and three clones containing sequences with homology to the human and mouse IL4 cDNAs were isolated. Sequence information obtained from one of these genomic clones was used to design an oligodeoxyribonucleotide primer corresponding to the transcription start point region for use in the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The PCR-RACE protocol, designed for the rapid amplification of cDNA ends, was successfully used to generate a full-length bovine IL4 (bIL4) cDNA clone from polyadenylated RNA isolated from concanavalin A-stimulated bovine lymph node cells.

[Functional endoscopic ethmoid bone revision in inflammatory paranasal sinus diseases in childhood].

A total of 57 children aged between 5 and 15 years underwent endoscopic ethmoid surgery for recurrent acute or chronic rhinogenic sinusitis, chronic sinusitis associated with bronchial asthma or chronic bronchitis, early rhinogenous orbital complications and paranasal sinus disease associated with mucoviscidosis. The indications for surgical intervention are based on symptoms, the findings on nasal endoscopy and a CT scan of the paranasal sinuses in the coronal plane. The preoperative examination shows that in childhood there are endoscopically detectable anatomical variations of the ethmoid bone (pneumatised middle nasal concha, reversed curvature of the middle turbinate and contact between the uncinate process and the turbinate) that create the conditions for the development of inflammatory paranasal sinus diseases.

Regional differences in the distribution of cytoskeletal filaments in the human and bovine ciliary epithelium.

The distribution of the cytoskeletal elements cytokeratin 18, vimentin, desmin, glial fibrillary acid protein (GFAP), and actin was investigated in different portions of the ciliary body of human and bovine eyes. Regional differences were found only for vimentin and cytokeratin. In both species, cytokeratin staining was more intense in the pigmented (PE) than in the nonpigmented epithelial (NPE) cells.

Carbonic anhydrase--a marker for fenestrated capillaries in psoriasis.

A strong correlation between capillary fenestrations and the demonstration of carbonic anhydrase (CA) has previously been shown. In the present histochemical study we sought to determine whether CA could serve as a marker for fenestrated capillaries in psoriasis. In normal human skin capillary staining for CA was found only in the fenestrated capillaries of the perifollicular and periglandular plexus.

Parasympathetic denervation of the ciliary muscle following panretinal photocoagulation.

Cynomolgus monkeys underwent unilateral panretinal scatter photocoagulation (PRP) and/or nasal and temporal horizontal retinal meridional photocoagulation (HRMP) with xenon arc or argon or krypton laser light. Shortly thereafter, in the PRP-treated eyes, accommodative responsiveness to topical eserine and electrical stimulation of the Edinger-Westphal nucleus (EWN) was diminished, accommodative responsiveness to intramuscular (i.m.

Human ciliary body in organ culture.

Ciliary body explants from 30 human eyes were maintained in organ culture up to 14 days. The age of the donors ranged from 45 to 85 years, the post mortem time from 4 to 22 hours. The ciliary epithelium as well as the underlying stroma were studied light- and electronmicroscopically before incubation and after 1, 3, 5, 7 and 14 days of culture.

Lymphocytes infected with Theileria parva require both cell-cell contact and growth factor to proliferate.

Lymphocytes infected with the intracellular parasite Theileria parva proliferate continuously as lymphoblastoid cell lines. We have previously shown that the continuous proliferation of the T. parva-infected (Tpi) cell line TpM(803) is mediated in part by an autocrine mechanism (Dobbelaere, D.

Calcium sensitivity and myosin light chain pattern of atrial and ventricular skinned cardiac fibers from patients with various kinds of cardiac disease.

In the present study, the Ca2(+)-sensitivity and myosin light chain patterns of skinned fibers of right atrium and left papillary muscles of 27 patients suffering from mitral valve disease (MVD, moderate heart failure), ischemic cardiomyopathy (ICM, severe heart failure), dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM, severe heart failure), and coronary heart disease (CHD, no heart failure, no atrial hypertrophy) were investigated. Myosin light chains of both chemically skinned and intact samples were studied by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2D-PAGE). Ca2(+)-sensitivity of ventricular fibers was about 0.

Expression of Tac antigen component of bovine interleukin-2 receptor in different leukocyte populations infected with Theileria parva or Theileria annulata.

The Tac antigen component of the bovine interleukin-2 receptor was expressed as a Cro-beta-galactosidase fusion protein in Escherichia coli and used to raise antibodies in rabbits. These antibodies were used for flow cytofluorimetric analysis to investigate the expression of Tac antigen in a variety of Theileria parva-infected cell lines and also in three Theileria annulata-infected cell lines. Cells expressing Tac antigen on their surface were found in all T.

IL-2 can enhance the cyclosporin A-mediated inhibition of Theileria parva-infected T cell proliferation.

The effect of cyclosporin A on the continuous proliferation of Theileria parva-infected T cells was tested and compared with its effect on the Con A-induced proliferation of bovine lymph node cells. The effect of rIL-2 on cyclosporin A-treated cells was also tested. Whereas the Con A-induced proliferation of bovine lymph node cells was completely inhibited by cyclosporin A, the continuous growth of T.

[Shaping of electron radiation fields using homogeneous absorbent materials].

Proof of shielding and forming by absorbers was done in water phantom dosimetrically. Alterations of isodose course were measured in dependence of primary energy, as well as of thickness and density of the absorber materials. Piacryl or aluminium are not suitable for forming of irregular electron fields.

Ciliary neuromuscular morphology in cynomolgus monkeys after ciliary ganglionectomy.

Cynomolgus monkeys underwent unilateral ciliary ganglionectomy (CG) and/or posterior ciliary neurectomy (PCN). The ciliary muscle was functionally denervated, as evidenced by loss of choline acetyltransferase activity, loss of the accommodative response to topical eserine and electrical stimulation of the Edinger-Westphal nucleus, and supersensitivity of the accommodative response to pilocarpine. Light and electron microscopy carried out 3-28 days after CG/PCN revealed degeneration of myelinated and unmyelinated nerve fibers as evidenced by axonal swelling and shrinkage, mitochondrial degeneration, axoplasmic condensation and vacuolization, and activated, phagocytosing Schwann cells.

[Regional differences in the ciliary body of cattle. An electron microscopy and histochemical study].

The bovine ciliary body was investigated by scanning and transmission electron microscopy. The number of cell organelles (mitochondria, rough endoplasmatic reticulum and Golgi complexes) of the nonpigmented (UPE) and the pigmented (PE) epithelium were quantitatively evaluated. Histochemically the activity of carbonic anhydrase (CA) and Na+/K(+)-ATPase was localized within the UPE and PE.

[Aluminum and magnesium burden of dialysis patients using antacids. A comparative study].

Aluminum toxicity is becoming more and more evident as a complication of maintenance dialysis treatment. The aluminum contamination of the dialysate bath solution no longer plays an important role. The main source of aluminum overloading turns out to be the ingestion of aluminum-containing antacids as phosphate binders in the impaired renal aluminum excretion.

Expression and characterization of the interleukin 2 receptor in Theileria parva-infected bovine lymphocytes.

We have previously shown that interleukin 2 receptors (IL2R) are constitutively expressed on the surface of bovine lymphocytes infected with the parasite Theileria parva (Dobbelaere, D.A.E.

Functional morphology of accommodation in the raccoon.

The raccoon (Procyon lotor) is a small carnivore which eats in the upright position, using hand- and finger-like front paws and digits to wash, hold and examine its food at close range. These anatomic and behavioral characteristics prompted structural and functional studies of the accommodative capability of this species. By light and electron microscopy, we observed a prominent ciliary smooth muscle and zonular apparatus.

Positive inotropic effects in isolated ventricular myocardium from non-failing and terminally failing human hearts.

The positive inotropic responses to isoprenaline, dobutamine, histamine, forskolin, isobutyl-methylxanthine (IBMX), dibutyryl-cyclic adenosine monophosphate (db-cAMP), ouabain and calcium were studied in isolated, electrically driven papillary muscle strips from either terminally failing human hearts or non-failing donor myocardium. The positive inotropic effect of calcium has been taken to evaluate the maximal force of contraction of each individual muscle strip ('contractile reserve'). In the non-failing heart, the maximal positive inotropic effect of isoprenaline, dobutamine, IBMX, ouabain and calcium were not significantly different, but were significantly greater than histamine.

Theileria parva infection induces autocrine growth of bovine lymphocytes.

Bovine lymphocytes infected with the parasite Theileria parva continuously secrete a growth factor that is essential for their proliferation in vitro and also constitutively express interleukin 2 receptors on their surface. Dilution of the secreted growth factor, caused by culturing cells at low density, results in retardation of culture growth. Human recombinant interleukin 2, however, effectively substitutes for the diluted growth factor by restoring normal growth rates and also allows Theileria-infected cells to be grown at low density without the use of feeder layers.

Histochemical demonstration of carbonic anhydrase and Na+/K+-ATPase in the pecten oculi of the fowl.

The distribution of carbonic anhydrase (CA) and Na+/K+-ATPase was studied histochemically in the pecten of the fowl by light and electron microscopy. No Na+/K+-ATPase activity was seen by the method used here. CA staining was seen in the membranes of the apical and basal microvilli of the endothelial cells, while the cytoplasm took no stain.

[Effect of a metal implant on the depth-dose curve for 6-20 MeV electron radiation].

The use of compression plates for osseous fixation in the inferior maxilla causes some problems for radiation therapy. The retrodiffusion of electrons from the metal implant induces an increased dose at the surface and especially at the metal border. A dose increase up to 40% is demonstrated for the central ray by means of thermoluminescent dosimetry.

The presence of carbonic anhydrase in orbital glands. An enzyme-histochemical study in cynomolgus monkeys and rabbits.

The distribution of carbonic anhydrase (CA) was studied in the lacrimal gland of the cynomolgus monkey as well as in the lacrimal, infra-orbital and harderian glands of the rabbit. In the lacrimal gland of the cynomolgus monkey, a number of acini with positive staining were found; however, another group of acini did not stain. In the positively stained acinar cells, large amounts of reaction product were located in the cytoplasm, but only weak staining was observed in the membranes.