The Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health Retinopathy of Prematurity Screening Guidelines (2022): a series of treated infants falling outside the updated criteria.

Background/objectives: Screening for retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a core healthcare intervention in premature babies to avoid preventable sight loss. A variety of screening criteria are in place globally for this purpose. The Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health recently updated the United Kingdom ROP screening guidelines (March 2022).

Epidemiology and long-term outcomes of primary congenital glaucoma: a population-based study.

Background/objectives: to establish the incidence, prevalence and long-term outcomes of primary congenital glaucoma (PCG) in Northern Ireland's general and Irish Traveller (IT) populations over a 59-year period.

Subjects/methods: chart review of all PCG cases in Northern Ireland between 1962 and 2020. Incidence and prevalence were calculated with the aid of national population statistics.

Macular injuries secondary to handheld lasers in a paediatric population-clinical characteristics and indicators of visual impact.

Background/objectives: Aim to identify incidence and prevalence of laser-induced retinal injuries in the Northern Ireland paediatric population and to determine negative clinical and OCT indicators in relation to visual acuity.

Subjects/methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted of retinal injuries secondary to handheld laser pens over a 6-year time period with presenting and final visual acuity (VA), laser source and circumstances of the injury recorded. Fundus photographs and OCT images for each case were also collated.

Reaching a FEVR Pitch: A Case Series of Familial Exudative Vitreoretinopathy in Northern Ireland.

Purpose: To evaluate the heterogeneity of both the clinical features and genetics of familial exudative vitreoretinopathy (FEVR) in a Northern Irish population.

Methods: A retrospective trawl of a secure pediatric database was completed, as well as communication with all Northern Ireland ophthalmologists to identify adult cases. Cases were cross-referenced with a regional genetics database.

Atypical Horner's syndrome: frequency, features and aetiology in a paediatric population.

Background/objectives: Paediatric Horner's syndrome (HS) may present atypically with incomplete or intermittent clinical features, yet could represent sinister pathology including neuroblastoma. We aim to report the frequency and features with which atypical HS presents in our population (Northern Ireland) and to propose an investigation algorithm to aid diagnosis in these challenging cases.

Subjects/methods: Retrospective chart review of all paediatric anisocoria and HS cases presenting to Belfast, Northern Ireland, between 2012 and 2018, identified through searching our paediatric ophthalmology database.

Case report: a case of diffuse unilateral subacute neuroretinitis (DUSN) in a child.

Background: Diffuse unilateral subacute neuroretinitis (DUSN) is a rare cause of posterior uveitis in the United Kingdom. It typically presents unilaterally in children and young adults but rarely bilateral cases have been reported. It is also rare to have multiple worms in the same eye causing the clinical picture.

Post-streptococcal uveitis syndrome in a Caucasian population: a case series.

Background/objectives: Uveitis is an uncommon manifestation of post-streptococcal syndrome (PSUS). Despite reports, the condition is often not well recognised. The purpose of this study is to report a case series of children with post-streptococcal uveitis.

Torpedo maculopathy: disease spectrum and associated choroidal neovascularisation in a paediatric population.

Purpose: Torpedo maculopathy is a rare lesion of the retinal pigment epithelium. This study set out to look at these lesions in the paediatric population and determine the spectrum and features of the disease.

Methods: The paediatric ophthalmology database was used to identify eight children with torpedo maculopathy between 2012 and 2017.

Pediatric Uveitis in a Well-Defined Population: Improved Outcomes with Immunosuppressive Therapy.

Purpose: The aim of this study is to assess the incidence, etiology, visual outcomes, and complication rates of pediatric uveitis patients at a dedicated multidisciplinary uveitis clinic in Northern Ireland.

Methods: Data were collected from charts of all patients attending the clinic at the Belfast Health and Social Care Trust between 2011 and 2015. Demographics, disease characteristics, treatments, visual acuity, and complications were recorded.

Hypoxia-induced responses by endothelial colony-forming cells are modulated by placental growth factor.

Background: Endothelial colony-forming cells (ECFCs), also termed late outgrowth endothelial cells, are a well-defined circulating endothelial progenitor cell type with an established role in vascular repair. ECFCs have clear potential for cell therapy to treat ischaemic disease, although the precise mechanism(s) underlying their response to hypoxia remains ill-defined.

Methods: In this study, we isolated ECFCs from umbilical cord blood and cultured them on collagen.

Congenital Nasolacrimal Duct Obstruction: Comparison of Two Different Treatment Algorithms.

Purpose: To clarify the most appropriate treatment regimen for congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction (CNLDO).

Methods: A retrospective observational analysis was performed of patients undergoing probing with or without intubation to treat CNLDO in a single institution (Royal Victoria Hospital, Belfast) from 2006 to 2011.

Results: Based on exclusion criteria, 246 eyes of 177 patients (aged 0 to 9.

Treatment of retinopathy of prematurity in Northern Ireland, 2000-2011: a population-based study.

Purpose: To evaluate the incidence of treatment-requiring retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) over a 12-year-period in Northern Ireland.

Methods: The medical records of all infants treated for ROP from January 2000 to December 2011 were retrospectively reviewed and cross-referenced with the Neonatal Intensive Care Outcomes Research and Evaluation (NICORE) database.

Results: The Northern Ireland population data showed an increase in the number of live births from 2000 to 2011.

Biotinidase Deficiency, Bilateral Optic Atrophy, and a Visual Field Defect.

We present an update on the ophthalmic status of a female patient with biotinidase deficiency who has attended our clinic for over 30 years. She is the only reported case of juvenile-onset glaucoma associated with biotinidase deficiency. Her intraocular pressure, optic nerve appearance, and visual field defect have, however, remained stable throughout her follow-up.

Amniotic band syndrome associated with an atypical iris and optic nerve defect.

We report the case of an 8-year-old boy who presented with right cleft lip and palate, left Tessier number 3 and 11 clefts, and limb abnormalities because of amniotic band syndrome. He was found to have an atypical iris and optic disk nasal defect and a right-sided ptosis, which have not been previously reported with amniotic band syndrome.

Investigating the relationship between foveal morphology and refractive error in a population with infantile nystagmus syndrome.

Purpose: We explored associations between refractive error and foveal hypoplasia in infantile nystagmus syndrome (INS).

Methods: We recruited 50 participants with INS (albinism n = 33, nonalbinism infantile nystagmus [NAIN] n = 17) aged 4 to 48 years. Cycloplegic refractive error and logMAR acuity were obtained.

Delayed resolution of eyelid swelling in preseptal cellulitis in a child: beware of causing occlusion amblyopia.

A 7-month-old child presented with a 6-day history of right eyelid swelling and redness. She was being treated with chloramphenicol ointment and oral flucloxacillin by the general practitioner. Clinical examination revealed features of preseptal cellulitis.

Pediatric retinal detachment in cutis aplasia and cutis marmorata telangiectasia.

Purpose: This is a report of 2 cases of cutis aplasia and cutis marmorata telangiectasia with associated retinal detachment.

Methods: Retrospective case report.

Results: Illustration of ophthalmic associations of the rare congenital dermatologic presentations and description of successful treatment with laser photocoagulation.