Investigation of a novel bilayered PCL/PVA electrospun nanofiber incorporated Chitosan-LL37 and Chitosan-VEGF nanoparticles as an advanced antibacterial cell growth-promoting wound dressing.

Chronic wounds have become a growing concern as they can have a profound impact on individuals, potentially resulting in mortality. It is crucial to prevent and manage bacterial infections, particularly drug-resistant ones. Antimicrobial peptides, such as LL-37, can firmly eliminate pathogens.

High frequency of carbapenemase in extensively drug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii isolates in central Iran.

Objectives: We assessed the frequency of occurrence for infections caused by wild-type A. baumannii, multidrug-resistant (MDR) or XDR A. baumannii, and CRAB.

efficiency of the produced recombinant lysostaphin antimicrobial peptide in treatment of methicillin-resistant (MRSA) skin infection in a mouse model.

Background And Objectives: secretes an antimicrobial compound called lysostaphin, which has bactericidal properties. It destroys staphylococci through the hydrolysis of peptidoglycan in the cell wall. Therefore, this unique property indicates the high ability of lysostaphin in the treatment of staphylococcal infections and is considered as an anti-staphylococcal agent.

High frequency of NDM-1 and OXA-48 carbapenemase genes among Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates in central Iran.

Background: The emergence and distribution of multidrug-resistant (MDR) and carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) has become a global health threat. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the frequency and antibiotic resistance patterns of MDR, extensively drug-resistant (XDR), and CRKP, as well as the antibiotic resistance genes of Klebsiella pneumoniae (K. pneumoniae) isolates from patients' infectious samples from central Iran.

The significant role of Carbapenems-resistant in mortality rate of patients with COVID-19.

Infections caused by , especially carbapenem-resistant (CR) strains, pose important challenges in patients with COVID-19 infection. Therefore, in the present study, we investigated co-infection and antimicrobial resistance patterns, as well as the role of in the outcome of patients with COVID-19. Between February 2019 and January 2021, 141 patients with infections were detected from seven different hospitals (A to G) in Arak, Iran, and the antibacterial susceptibility pattern of these isolates was evaluated using disk diffusion and E-test methods.

The importance of using routine laboratory tests in the diagnosis and prognosis of patients with coronavirus disease 2019: Shedding light on clinical laboratory data in COVID-19.

Background: Novel coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic has become a global concern and requires early detection, isolation, and treatment. Our purpose is to find some beneficial information by analyzing the COVID-19 laboratory data to provide guidance for clinical practice.

Material And Methods: In this study, 174 patients with confirmed COVID-19 infection were admitted.

The LL-37 Antimicrobial Peptide as a Treatment for Systematic Infection of in a Mouse Model.

Background: The antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) played a critical role in the innate immunity of the host and are considered natural sources illustrating a broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity with high specificity and low cytotoxicity. AMPs generally possess a net positive charge and have amphipathic structures. Thus, AMPs can bind and interact with negatively charged bacterial cell membranes, leading to destructive defects in biomembranes and ending in cell death.

Common Etiological Agents in Adult Patients with Gastroenteritis from Central Iran.

This study represents the first analysis from Iran for both the frequency of the most common causes of infectious diarrhoea and their antibiotic resistance patterns in adult patients. Adult stool specimens ( = 211) were analyzed. Stool specimens were analyzed using standard microbiological, polymerase chain reaction, and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction tests to identify bacterial, parasitic, and viral enteropathogens.

PLGA-Based Nanoplatforms in Drug Delivery for Inhibition and Destruction of Microbial Biofilm.

The biofilm community of microorganisms has been identified as the dominant mode of microbial growth in nature and a common characteristic of different microorganisms such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, and Staphylococcus epidermidis. The biofilm structure helps in the protection from environmental threats including host immune system and antimicrobial agents. Thus, the biofilm community has led to a higher prevalence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) strains in recent years.

SARS-CoV-2 Viral Shedding and Associated Factors among COVID-19 Inpatients and Outpatients.

Background: According to the contagious ability of the new virus, SARS-CoV-2, characterization of viral shedding duration in the period of infection is highly valuable in terms of providing quarantine guidelines and isolation policies. Therefore, we aimed at viral shedding determination in 58 COVID-19 confirmed Iranian subjects in different stages.

Methods: 58 COVID-19 confirmed Iranian subjects including 21 outpatients and 37 inpatients were investigated.

Isolation of a lytic bacteriophage against extensively drug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii infections and its dramatic effect in rat model of burn infection.

Objectives: Acinetobacter Baumannii is an opportunistic nosocomial pathogen belonging to the Moraxellaceae family. The emergence of multidrug resistant strains of this pathogen caused many problems for hospitals and patients. The aim of the current study was to isolate, identify, and morphologically, physiologically, and in vivo analyze a new lytic bacteriophage targeting extensively drug-resistant (XDR) A.

Ib-AMP4 antimicrobial peptide as a treatment for skin and systematic infection of methicillin-resistant (MRSA).

Objectives: Antimicrobial peptide compounds (AMPs) play important roles in the immune system. They also exhibit significant anti-tumor and antibacterial properties. Most AMPs are cationic and are able to bind bacterial cell membranes through electrostatic affinity.

The role of microRNAs in diseases and related signaling pathways.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are epigenetic regulators of the gene expression and act through posttranslational modification. They bind to 3'-UTR of target mRNAs to inhibit translation or increase the degradation mRNA in many tissues. Any alteration in the level of miRNA expression in many human diseases indicates their involvement in the pathogenesis of many diseases.

Comparison of three interventional approaches to prevent ventilator-associated pneumonia in intensive care units (ICUs): A clinical trial study.

Background: Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is an infectious pulmonary disease that develops after 48 hours of ventilation. To date, several methods have been proposed to reduce VAP occurrence, such as the VAP prevention bundle, which involves raising the head of the bed, reducing sedation, avoiding deep vein thrombosis, and preventing peptic ulcer in the gastrointestinal system. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the role of personnel in hand washing, case airway suctioning, and systematic monitoring in the prevention of VAP.

Recombinant production of Trx-Ib-AMP4 and Trx-E50-52 antimicrobial peptides and antimicrobial synergistic assessment on the treatment of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus under in vitro and in vivo situations.

Purpose: The production of alternative novel antimicrobial agents is considered an efficient way to cope with multidrug resistance among pathogenic bacteria. E50-52 and Ib-AMP4 antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) have illustrated great proven antibacterial effects. The aim of this study was recombinant production of these AMPs and investigation of their synergistic effects on methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA).

Association between colorectal cancer and Fusobacterium nucleatum and Bacteroides fragilis bacteria in Iranian patients: a preliminary study.

Background And Aim: Recent studies have proposed that commensal bacteria might be involved in the development and progression of gastrointestinal disorders such as colorectal cancer (CRC). Therefore, in this study, the relative abundance of Fusobacterium nucleatum, Bacteroides fragilis, Streptococcus bovis/gallolyticus, and Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) in CRC tissues, and their association with clinicopathologic characteristics of CRC was investigated in Iranian patients. Moreover, the role of these bacteria in the CRC-associated mutations including PIK3CA, KRAS, and BRAF was studied.

Investigation into antibacterial and wound healing properties of platelets lysate against Acinetobacter baumannii and Klebsiella pneumoniae burn wound infections.

Background And Aim: Treatment of burn wound infections has become a global challenge due to the spread of multidrug-resistant bacteria; therefore, the development of new treatment options for the mentioned infections is essential. Platelets have drawn much attention for this purpose because they are a safe and cost-effective source of different antimicrobial peptides and growth factors. The present study evaluated antibacterial effects and wound healing properties of Platelet-derived Biomaterial (PdB) against Acinetobacter baumannii and Klebsiella pneumoniae burn wound infections.

Quinolone resistant Salmonella species isolated from pediatric patients with diarrhea in central Iran.

Background: This study aimed to investigate the frequency and the antibiotic resistance patterns of Salmonella species that were isolated from infectious diarrhea samples taken from pediatric patients in central Iran.

Methods: The study analyzed 230 stool specimens that were cultured on XLD, MacConkey agar and GN broth. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay was used to identify the Salmonella genus.

Wound healing performance of PCL/chitosan based electrospun nanofiber electrosprayed with curcumin loaded chitosan nanoparticles.

In this study, the electrospun poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL)/Chitosan (CS)/curcumin (CUR) nanofiber was fabricated successfully with curcumin loaded chitosan nano-encapsulated particles (CURCSNPs). The morphology of the produced CURCSNPs, PCL, PCL/CS, PCL/CS/CUR, and PCL/CS/CUR electrosprayed with CURCSNPs were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The physicochemical properties and biological characteristics of fabricated nanofibers such as antibacterial, antioxidant, cell viability, and in vivo wound healing efficiency and histological assay were tested.

Prevalence and molecular epidemiology of ceftaroline non-susceptible methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolates, first clinical report from Iran.

Background: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is one of the major pathogens in Iran with a high prevalence and a high level of antibiotic resistance. Ceftaroline is a fifth generation cephalosporin binding and inhibiting penicillin binding protein (PBP2a).

Methods: In the present study, 228 clinical MRSA isolates were collected from four cities of Iran and their susceptibility to ceftaroline was evaluated by E-test and the disk diffusion method.

Multi-Drug-Resistant Diarrheagenic Pathotypes in Pediatric Patients with Gastroenteritis from Central Iran.

Background: Diarrheagenic (DEC) is a significant cause of gastroenteritis and a major public health problem. This study investigates the prevalence and the antibiotic resistance patterns of DEC that were isolated from infectious diarrhea samples of pediatric patients from central Iran.

Patients And Methods: Pediatric diarrhea samples were collected from 230 pediatric patients visiting the hospital.

Wound healing properties and antimicrobial activity of platelet-derived biomaterials.

We analyzed the potential antibacterial effects of two different PdB against methicillin-resistant S. aureus and P. aeruginosa.

Frequency of Isolated from Diarrhea Samples of Pediatric Patients at Central Iran.

Background: is a primarily foodborne bacterial pathogen that is one of the causative agents of gastroenteritis. However, the prevalence of infection in pediatric patients with diarrheal disease is not clearly identified in the Iranian population. This study aimed to investigate the frequency of isolates found in infectious diarrhea samples of pediatric patients in an Iranian population.

Elimination of Staphylococcus aureus nasal carriage in intensive care patients lowers infection rates.

This study surveys the clinical relevance of the nasal Staphylococcus aureus colonization status on intensive care unit (ICU)-acquired S. aureus infections and compares molecular characteristics of isolates from the nose and infectious sites. The 390 patients included comprised 278 non-carriers and 112 carriers.