Publications by authors named "Ehsan Zarei"

Background: Defensive medicine (DM) refers to taking or not taking clinical actions, mainly to prevent legal or reputational consequences. It increases patient and health system costs and threatens patient safety. This study aimed to provide policy options to reduce DM behaviors and was conducted in two phases.

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Background: Iran's healthcare system has a significant discrepancy between the national tariff and the cost of global surgical procedures (GSPs). This study aimed to compare the actual costs of GSPs with national tariffs in Iran's public hospitals.

Methods: This retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted in 2017.

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Background: Assessing the quality of health services gives insights to managers about the status of services delivered by them, especially from the client's perspective. Although various tools have been developed to measure the quality of primary health care (PHC), no specific tool was found in this field in Iran. Therefore, the present study was conducted to develop and validate the quality assessment tool of PHC in Iran.

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Background: Quality healthcare services are considered one of the most effective vehicles for healthcare managers to achieve organizational goals. Therefore, this study aimed to combine the findings of comparable studies to identify consistencies and contradictions in the quality of outpatient services in Iran.

Methods: The current systematic review and meta-analysis study was conducted in 2022 according to PRISMA guideline.

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Objectives: Defensive medicine (DM) is the deviation of a physician from normal behavior or what is a good practice and is aimed at reducing or avoiding the risk of legal litigation from patients or their families. Therefore, this study aimed to determine DM-related behaviors and associated risk factors among Iranian surgeons.

Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 235 surgeons were selected using convenience sampling.

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Background: Payments to physicians by the pharmaceutical industry are common, but recent evidence shows that these payments influence physician prescribing behavior in the form of increased prescription of brand-name drugs, expensive and low-cost drugs, increased prescription of payer company drugs, etc. Considering that these payments increase drug costs for patients and health systems, there is a public interest in controlling them. Therefore, this study aimed to identify and propose policy options for managing physician-pharmaceutical industry interactions in the context of Iran's health system.

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Coronavirus 2019 infection (COVID-19) has a broad spectrum of clinical complications, some unrecognized. Herein, a case of a diabetic patient with multiple episodes of hemoptysis 2 months following her recovery from SARS-CoV-2 infection is reported. The initial computed tomography (CT scan) revealed the left lower lobe collapsed secondary to bronchial narrowing and obliteration.

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Gastric cancer has a weak prognosis and its usual treatments depend on surgery and chemotherapy. These treatments suffer from some drawbacks such as high rates of local recurrence and metastasis, low survival rates, and significantly decreased life quality. Therefore, new therapeutic methods for improved gastric cancer care with minimal side effects seem necessary.

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Unlabelled: Chest CT scan is currently used to assess the extent of lung involvement in patients with the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic performance of lung ultrasound in the diagnosis of COVID-19 pulmonary manifestations in comparison to CT scan. Thirty-three symptomatic patients with suspected COVID-19 pneumonia were evaluated by lung ultrasound and then, at a short interval, chest CT scan.

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Purpose: To determine economic inequality in visual impairment (VI) and its determinants in the rural population of Iran.

Methods: In this population-based, cross-sectional study, 3850 individuals, aged 3-93 years were selected from the north and southwest regions of Iran using multi-staged stratified cluster random sampling. The outcome was VI, measured in 20 feet.

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Introduction: Attitude is a factor affecting the behaviour of consumers. In the literature, the effect of health care consumer's attitude on making informal payments has been highlighted. The purpose of this study was to investigate the attitude of Iranian patients regarding informal payments and socio-demographic factors associated with it.

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Background & Aims: Adipose tissue is a biologically active organ with pro-immunogenic properties. We aimed to evaluate the prognostic value of epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) in COVID-19 and its correlation with other inflammatory biomarkers.

Material And Methods: One-hundred patients with COVID-19 were enrolled.

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Objective: Acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis (AGEP) is a severe skin pustular drug reaction that can lead to life-threatening consequences. In this study, we have investigated the characteristics and outcomes of patients with AGEP in a tertiary skin hospital.

Methods: From March 2007 to December 2019, medical records of all patients diagnosed with AGEP, were assessed.

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Rationale And Objectives: Cardiac indices can predict disease severity and survival in a multitude of respiratory and cardiovascular diseases. Herein, we hypothesized that CT-measured cardiac indices are correlated with severity of lung involvement and can predict survival in patients with COVID-19.

Materials And Methods: Eighty-seven patients with confirmed COVID-19 who underwent chest CT were enrolled.

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Introduction: The educational service is expensive and having the right financial information is one of the most important tools for managing financial resources. Therefore, due to the importance of this issue, this study aimed to determine the cost of educational services for medical sciences students at Alborz University of Medical Sciences.

Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted between March 20, 2018, and March 20, 2019, at Alborz University of Medical Sciences.

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We investigated significant predictors of poor in-hospital outcomes for patients admitted with viral pneumonia during the COVID-19 outbreak in Tehran, Iran. Between February 22 and March 22, 2020, patients who were admitted to three university hospitals during the COVID-19 outbreak in Tehran, Iran were included. Demographic, clinical, laboratory, and chest CT scan findings were gathered.

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Burnout, which is an emerging challenge in health systems, is very common among primary health care (PHC) workers. The aim of this study was to investigate the level of burnout among PHC workers, and its predictive factors, in a region in the west of Iran.In this cross-sectional study, all the health network staff ( = 539) were enrolled.

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Background: Measuring patients' perception from health service quality as an important element in the assessment of service quality has attracted much attention in recent years. Therefore, this study was conducted to find out how the patients evaluated service quality of clinics at teaching hospitals affiliated with Tehran University of Medical Sciences in Iran.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in Tehran in 2017 and 400 patients were randomly selected from four hospitals.

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Purpose: A quality management system (QMS) is defined as interacting activities, methods and procedures used to monitor, control and improve service quality. The purpose of this paper is to describe the QMS status using the Quality Management System Index (QMSI) in hospitals affiliated to Shahid Beheshti Medical Sciences University in Tehran, Iran.

Design/methodology/approach: In this cross-sectional study, 28 hospitals were investigated.

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Background And Objective: Pressure ulcer (PU) is one of the important and frequent complications of hospitalization, associated with high treatment costs. The present study was conducted to determine the incidence of PU and its direct treatment costs for patients in intensive care unit (ICU) in Iran.

Material And Methods: In this retrospective study, medical records of 643 discharged patients from ICU of two selected hospitals were examined.

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Physiotherapy services constitute a principle part of health care systems, and interest in their use has increased in the recent decades. This study was conducted to investigate the utilization and OOP payment for physiotherapy services in public hospitals of Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences in Tehran, Iran. This cross-sectional study was conducted using the data of physiotherapy department of three public hospitals.

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Objectives: This study investigated the knowledge of Iranian women about HIV/AIDS and whether they had accepting attitudes towards people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), and sought to identify factors correlated with their knowledge and attitudes.

Methods: The data analyzed in the present study were taken from Iran's Multiple Indicator Demographic and Health Survey, a national survey conducted in 2015. In total, 42,630 women aged 15-49 years were identified through multi-stage stratified cluster random sampling and interviewed.

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Introduction: The present study aims to evaluate the Three-Dimensional Diffusion-Weighted reversed fast imaging with steady state free precession (3D DW-PSIF) sequence with respect to imaging of the peripheral nerves; the tibial, medial, and lateral plantar nerves in the lower extremity, ulnar and median nerve in the upper extremity, sciatic nerve, brachial plexus, and lumbosacral plexus, and also to compare its usefulness with the current two-dimensional sequences on a 1.5 T MR scanner.

Methods: A total of 25 healthy subjects underwent MR imaging of peripheral nerves, 5 subjects in each area.

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Background: The inappropriate use of drugs due to irrational prescriptions is a common problem in Iran, but there is little evidence of prescription patterns in rural family physicians. This study aimed to explore the prescribing pattern and rational drug use indicators for family physicians using Index of Rational Drug Prescribing (IRDP) in Kermanshah Province, Iran.

Methods: In this retrospective study, 352,399 prescriptions from 184 family physicians in 103 primary health care (PHC) centers were examined.

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