Prevalence of substance use among Iranian male adolescents: Systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background And Aims: Substance use among adolescents is one of the most challenging behavioral disorders with direct consequences. It is of the essence (that) the prevalence of substance use is investigated among Iranian male adolescents.

Methods: The present study is a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Iranian patients co-infected with COVID-19 and mucormycosis: the most common predisposing factor, clinical outcomes, laboratory markers and diagnosis, and drug therapies.

Background: The newly emerged pandemic of coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) is the world's main health challenge because infected patients become vulnerable to a variety of opportunistic diseases.

Objective: This study aimed to assess clinical outcomes, diagnosis, utilized drug therapies, and ongoing COVID-19 practices in Iranian cases co-infected with COVID-19 and mucormycosis.

Participants And Methods: A case-series analysis was conducted in the presence of 10 patients with COVID-19 and mucormycosis co-infection (two men and eight women; mean age of 48.

A 16-year Remained UroLume Stent without any Complication; a Case Report.

Lumen diameter reduction which is called urethral stricture has several causative agents including iatrogenic, inflammatory, traumatic, and idiopathic factors. The main treatment options are transurethral or open surgical interventions.The UroLume which was introduced around 33 years ago is an intraurethral stent and as a temporary treatment approach has a maximum 9-month durability, but here we present the first ever reported forgotten 16-year remained UroLume without any complication.

The possible double-edged sword effects of vitamin D on COVID-19: A hypothesis.

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) gains access to host cells by attaching to angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2). Vitamin D (VitD) can upregulate ACE2 and has an antagonistic effect on Renin, which exerts a vasodilatation and anti-inflammatory effect against coronavirus disease (COVID-19). However, it may also facilitate viral entry by increasing ACE2 as the main SARS-CoV-2 receptor and mediates ROS production through NADPH oxidase, as a double-edged sword effect.

Comparison the effects of two monocyte isolation methods, plastic adherence and magnetic activated cell sorting methods, on phagocytic activity of generated dendritic cells.

Objective: It is believed that monocyte isolation methods and maturation factors affect the phenotypic and functional characteristics of resultant dendritic cells (DC). In the present study, we compared two monocyte isolation methods, including plastic adherence-dendritic cells (Adh-DC) and magnetic activated cell sorting- dendritic cells (MACS-DC), and their effects on phagocytic activity of differentiated immature DCs (immDCs).

Materials And Methods: : In this experimental study, immDCs were generated from plastic adherence and MACS isolated monocytes in the presence of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and interleukin 4 (IL-4) in five days.

Phenotypic and functional comparison between flask adherent and magnetic activated cell sorted monocytes derived dendritic cells.

Background: Generation of an effective dendritic cell (DC) based cancer vaccine depends on appropriate differentiation of monocytes in vitro.

Objective: To compare the effects of monocyte separation methods, flask adherence (Flask-DC) and magnetic activated cell sorting (MACS-DC), on phenotypic and functional characteristics of resultant DCs.

Methods: DCs from healthy volunteers were generated from plastic adherence and MACS isolated monocytes in the presence of GM-CSF and IL-4 as well as TNF-α and monocyte conditioned medium (MCM) in 7 day cultures.