Online Spectroscopic Monitoring of Drug Release Kinetics from Nanostructured Dual-Stimuli-Responsive Conducting Polymer.

Purpose: The potential of electrochemical/temperature dual stimuli-responsive conducting polymer to be used as general drug delivery systems. It allows on-demand release of incorporated drug is kinetically investigated in real time.

Methods: Online spectroscopic monitoring was used to investigate the electrochemically/thermally controlled release behavior of a model drug (naproxen) from drug-doped polypyrrole (DDPPy) film.

Functionalized gold nanoparticle-polypyrrole nanobiocomposite with high effective surface area for electrochemical/pH dual stimuli-responsive smart release of insulin.

A novel functionalized gold nanoparticle-polypyrrole-nanobiocomposite (PPy-FGNP-NBC) with large effective surface area was fabricated for electrical/pH dual stimuli-responsive local delivery of insulin. The fabrication method involves simple electrodeposition and immobilization processes without use of organic solvents. Release studies based on the nature of insulin-surface binding indicated that release was promoted for PPy-FGNP-NBC.

Nanostructured biocompatible thermal/electrical stimuli-responsive biopolymer-doped polypyrrole for controlled release of chlorpromazine: kinetics studies.

Biocompatible nanostructured conductive heparin-doped polypyrrole film was fabricated and employed as a high-capacity cation exchanger for programmable release of neuroleptic drug, chlorpromazine (CPZ) with thermally and electrical dual-stimulation. Releasing behavior were studied at different applied potentials and temperatures by in-situ monitoring of UV absorbance measurements. Three mathematical models (Higuchi, Power, and Avrami equation) were employed to investigate kinetics of the release.

Nanostructure conducting molecularly imprinted polypyrrole film as a selective sorbent for benzoate ion and its application in spectrophotometric analysis of beverage samples.

The benzoate anion was selectively extracted by electrochemically controlled solid-phase microextraction (EC-SPME) using a electro-synthesised nanostructure conducting molecularly imprinted polypyrrole (CMIP) film that imprinted for benzoate ions (template ion). The sorbent behaviors of CMIP were characterised using spectrophotometry analysis. The effect of pH, uptake and released times and potentials, template ion concentration, and interference were investigated, and experimental conditions optimised.

Dye-doped nanostructure polypyrrole film for electrochemically switching solid-phase microextraction of Ni(II) and ICP-OES analysis of waste water.

A nanostructure fiber based on conducting polypyrrole synthesized by an electrochemical method has been developed, and used for electrochemically switching solid-phase microextraction (ES-SPME). The ES-SPME was prepared by the doping of eriochrome blue in polypyrrole (PPy-ECB) and used for selectively extracting the Ni(II) cation in the presence of some transition and heavy metal ions. The cation-exchange behavior of electrochemically prepared polypyrrole on stainless-steel with and without eriochrome blue (ECB) dye was characterized using ICP-OES analysis.