Comparison of the Efficacy of Vaccine Programs in Chickens.

The efficacy of two commercially available vaccines administered singly or in combination was evaluated in two trials; in both trials, specific-pathogen-free (SPF) chickens were vaccinated with the live attenuated F-strain vaccine at 5 weeks of age (WOA), an inactivated bacterin at 9 and 13 WOA, or both vaccines. In the first trial, groups of vaccinated birds, along with controls, were challenged via aerosol with virulent R-strain at 22 and 41 weeks of age. All of the vaccine programs evaluated showed a statistically significant reduction in colonization with the challenge strain following challenge at either timepoint.

Aggressive Versus Moderate Fluid Replacement for Acute Pancreatitis: An Updated Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: A conservative strategy is the primary modality of treatment for acute pancreatitis of which fluid replacement is an important component. Since the results regarding early aggressive versus moderate fluid replenishment for acute pancreatitis are inconsistent, we sought to compare outcomes between the two resuscitation strategies in our meta-analysis.

Methods: We searched MEDLINE (PubMed), Embase, the Cochrane Library, and ClinicalTrials.

Electrochemical ocean iron fertilization and alkalinity enhancement approach toward CO sequestration.

Achieving net-zero emissions by 2050 requires the development of effective negative emission techniques, including ocean-based approaches for CO sequestration. However, the implementation and testing of marine CO removal (mCDR) techniques such as ocean iron fertilization (OIF) or ocean alkalinity enhancement (OAE) face significant challenges. Herein, a novel self-operating electrochemical technology is presented that not only combines OIF and OAE, but also recovers hydrogen gas (H) from seawater, hence offering a promising solution for achieving quantifiable and transparent large-scale mCDR.

Electrostatic adsorptive loading of ciprofloxacin and metronidazole on chitosan nanoparticles to prolong the drug delivery process with preserved antibacterial activities: formulation and characterization.

This study presents the formulation and evaluation of chitosan-based homogeneous nanoparticles of ciprofloxacin (CP) and metronidazole (MTZ) with improved loading efficiency to enhance the controlled release of drug within the human body as well as for the enhancement of the antibacterial activity. The drug-loaded chitosan nanoparticles (CSNPs) were prepared using deacetylated chitosan extracted from shrimp shells. The characterization of the drug-loaded CSNPs were performed by FTIR, XRD, SEM and TEM analyses.

Epidemiology of canine ehrlichiosis and molecular characterization of Erhlichia canis in Bangladeshi pet dogs.

Background: Ehrlichia canis, a rickettsial organism, is responsible for causing ehrlichiosis, a tick-borne disease affecting dogs.

Objectives: This study aimed to estimate ehrlichiosis prevalence and identify associated risk factors in pet dogs.

Methods: A total of 246 peripheral blood samples were purposively collected from pet dogs in Dhaka, Mymensingh, and Rajshahi districts between December 2018 and December 2020.

Nanoparticle containing recombinant excretory/secretory-24 protein of enhanced the cellular immune responses in mice.

poses a global challenge as a parasite affecting small ruminants, yet the problem of absence of an effective vaccine against infection still exists. This investigation sought to appraise the immunological reaction induced by recombinant excretory/secretory-24 (rHcES-24) in combination with complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) and bio-polymeric nanoparticles (NPs) within a murine model. In this study, rHcES-24 was encapsulated in poly(d, l-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) and chitosan (CS) NPs, administered subcutaneously to mice.

Enhanced induction of apoptosis in chronic myeloid leukemia cells through synergistic effect of telomerase inhibitor MST-312 and imatinib.

Background: Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML), accounting for 15-20% of adult leukemia cases, is marked by the Philadelphia chromosome, resulting from the t(9;22)(q34;q11) translocation. This leads to uncontrolled cell proliferation and survival. Imatinib therapy lowers BCR-ABL levels, influencing telomere-associated proteins and increasing telomerase accessibility, indirectly boosting its activity.

Electrochemical Conversion of Biomass-Derived 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural into 2,5-Furandicarboxylic Acid by Time-Controlled Aerosol-Assisted Chemical Vapor Deposited FeNi Catalyst.

The conversion of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) into valuable chemicals, such as 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid (FDCA), is pivotal for sustainable chemical production, offering a renewable pathway to biodegradable plastics and high-value organic compounds. This pioneering study explores the synthesis of FeNi nanostructures via aerosol-assisted chemical vapor deposition (AACVD) for the electrochemical oxidation of HMF to FDCA. By adjusting the deposition time, we developed two distinct nanostructures: FeNi-40, which features nanowires with spherical terminations, and FeNi-80, which features aggregated spherical structures.

Partial Protection of Goats against Achieved with ADP-Ribosylation Factor 1 Encapsulated in PLGA Nanoparticles.

Background: (), a nematode with global prevalence, poses a major threat to the gastrointestinal health of sheep and goats. In an effort to combat this parasite, a nanovaccine was created using a recombinant ADP-ribosylation factor 1 (ARF1) antigen encapsulated within poly lactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA). This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of this nanovaccine in providing protection against infection.

Systematic review on buparvaquone resistance associated with non-synonymous mutation in drug binding genes site of Theileria annulate.

Theileria annulata (T. annulata) is intra-erythrocytic protozoan parasite which is more prevalent in tropical and sub-tropical countries. It has a significant economic impact on the productivity of the dairy industry, and buparvaquone is used to treat infected animals in the prevalent regions of the world.

Efficacy and safety of mavacamten for the treatment of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

The efficacy and safety profile of mavacamten, a cardiac myosin inhibitor for the treatment of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is not well-established, prompting the need for an updated meta-analysis. The authors conducted an extensive search across multiple electronic databases, including Embase, MEDLINE (via Pubmed), and CENTRAL, to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) assessing the efficacy and safety of mavacamten in HCM. Review Manager 5.

Efficacy of vitamin D supplementation in the treatment of patients with COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Context: COVID-19 has substantial effects on respiratory health and overall well-being. Recent studies suggest vitamin D as a potential treatment, but the results are inconclusive.

Objective: The authors conducted a systematic review of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to examine the link between vitamin D and patients with COVID-19.

Assessing the electrode configuration in a sandbox system for the removal of sulfanilamide: A pilot study.

Electrochemical oxidation has emerged as an effective and straightforward technology for groundwater remediation. While recent studies have investigated parameters such as current, electrolyte composition, and electrode materials, most have been conducted using small-scale batch or flow reactors, limiting their applicability to real-world conditions. In this study, a pilot-scale sandbox reactor was employed to simulate realistic groundwater conditions and assess the removal of sulfanilamide, a model organic contaminant.

Engineering Electrode Polarity for Enhancing In Situ Generation of Hydroxyl Radicals Using Granular Activated Carbon.

Recently, granular activated carbon (GAC) has shown its effectiveness as a cathode material for in situ ROS generation. Here, we present an electrochemically modified GAC cathode using electrode polarity reversal (PR) approach for enhanced HO decomposition via 2-electron oxygen reduction reaction (2e-ORR). The successful GAC modification using PR necessitates tuning of the operational parameters such as frequency, current, and time intervals between the PR cycles.

Enhancing thermodynamic performance with an advanced combined power and refrigeration cycle with dual LNG cold energy utilization.

Utilizing waste heat to drive thermodynamic systems is imperative for improving energy efficiency, thereby improving sustainability. A combined cooling and power systems (CCP) utilizes heat from a temperature source to deliver both power and cooling. However, CCP systems utilizing LNG cold energy suffers from low second law efficiency due to significant temperature differences.

Geospatial interpolation and hydro-geochemical characterization of alluvial aquifers in the Thal Desert, Punjab, Pakistan.

This study seeks to assess the hydrogeochemical characteristics of groundwater in the southern part of Thal Desert of Pakistan. The primary focus lies in identifying potential sources of contamination and evaluating their impact on groundwater and the ecosystem. Groundwater samples were collected from diverse sources including shallow hand pumps, tubewells, and dug wells, with depths ranging from 11 to 28 m.

A Comparative Study Based on Petrophysical and Cluster Analysis Approach for Identification of Rock Types in Heterogeneous Sandstone Reservoirs.

To delineate a powerful reservoir model, rock type identification is an essential task. Recognizing intervals with promising reservoir quality in a heterogeneous reservoir, such as the Pab Formation, using well logs is critical for better exploration, because coring programs are always impractical due to time and cost constraints. Rock types are described by specific log responses, which are ultimately distinguished with the help of electrofacies.

Structure-Activity Relationship of Hydrazinylthiazole-5-Carbaldehydes as Potential Anti-Diabetic Agents.

Diabetes is an emerging threat to the world due to large number of deaths reported within the last decade. To overcome its spread and complications, herein, we reported synthesis and anti-diabetic potential of twelve novel 2-[(arylidenyl)methylidene]hydrazinyl-1,3-thiazole-5-carbaldehydes (3 a-l). All compounds have shown good to excellent α-amylase inhibitory activity, among them ortho substituted analogues, the compound 3 a (IC=14.

Enhanced photocatalytic property of Cu doped CeZrO toward photodegradation of methylene blue under visible light.

Widespread ecosystem degradation from noxious substances like industrial waste, toxic dyes, pesticides, and herbicides poses serious environmental risks. For remediation of these hazardous problems, present study introduces an innovative Cu-doped Ce₂Zr₂O₇ nano-photocatalyst, fabricated via a simple, eco-friendly hydrothermal method, designed to degrade toxic textile dye methylene blue. Harnessing Cu doping for pyrochlore CeZrO, structure engineering carried out through a hydrothermal synthesis method to achieve superior photocatalytic performance, addressing limitations of rapid charge carrier recombination in existing photocatalysts.

Theoretical insight into physical characteristics of lead-free perovskites RbTlSbX (X = Cl, Br, I) for optoelectronic devices.

Context: Novel optoelectronic and thermoelectric properties with broad compositional range, non-toxic nature and structural stability make halide-based double perovskites fascinating for flexible optoelectronic devices. In this work, the structural electronic, optical and transport properties of RbTlSbX (X = Cl, Br, I) were studied using density functional theory for optoelectronic devices. The elastic analysis demonstrates ductile nature, mechanical stability, anisotropic behaviour and feasibility for flexible optoelectronic devices.

Strength of motivation of 1 year dental students of a dental institution: A cross-sectional study.

Objective: The study aims to evaluate the motivation levels of dental students, with an emphasis on first-year BDS students, by utilizing the Strength of Motivation for Medical School (SMMS) questionnaire.

Methods: It was a descriptive cross-sectional quantitative study targeting 89 first-year BDS students enrolled at Lahore Medical and Dental College from 5 June to 18 August 2023. The Strength of Motivation for Medical School (SMMS) questionnaire was given to the participants after ethical board approval.

Endovascular thrombectomy for acute ischemic stroke with a large infarct area: An updated systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Background: Since the efficacy and safety of endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) in patients with acute ischemic stroke with a large infarct area is still inconclusive, we sought to compare functional and neurological outcomes with the use of endovascular thrombectomy versus medical care alone.

Methods: We searched MEDLINE (via PubMed), Embase, Cochrane Library, ClinicalTrials.gov, and the International Clinical Trials Registry Platform (ICTRP) to retrieve all the relevant randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on this topic.