Fasting mimicking diet during neo-adjuvant chemotherapy in breast cancer patients: a randomized controlled trial study.

Objective: Preclinical evidences suggests that while fasting can reduce the side effects and toxicity of chemotherapy, it can make cancer cells more susceptible to chemotherapy. This study aimed to examine the effects of fasting mimicking diet (FMD) during neo-adjuvant chemotherapy in breast cancer (BC) patients.

Methods: Forty-four newly diagnosed human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative (HER2-negative) patients with BC were randomized equally into two groups (22 each), to receive either a fasting mimicking diet (FMD) or their regular diet for 3 days prior to and during neoadjuvant chemotherapy.

Calcium Intake and the Pancreatic Cancer Risk: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies.

Unlabelled: Calcium plays a major role in apoptosis, cell proliferation, and various cellular mechanisms. It is also essential for the function of the pancreas. However, the association between calcium intake and pancreatic cancer is not clear.

Carbohydrate quality indices and lung cancer risk: a case-control study from Iran.

Considering that carbohydrates play an important role in supplying the body with energy and exhibit diverse mechanisms that can either prevent or stimulate cancer, we hypothesize that the quality of carbohydrate intake may be associated with cancer risk, including lung cancer. This hospital-based case-control study was conducted on 135 newly diagnosed lung cancer patients, and 237 healthy age- and sex-matched hospitalized controls. We used a valid and reliable 148-item Food Frequency Questionnaire to collect the dietary intake of subjects.

Fat mass and obesity-associated gene (FTO) rs9939609 (A/T) polymorphism and food preference in obese people with low-calorie intake and non-obese individuals with high-calorie intake.

The purpose of this study was to assess the connection between FTO rs9939609 (A/T) polymorphism and food preference. The study included 77 participants, 36 of whom were obese and had a low-calorie intake, and 41 non-obese participants with a high-calorie intake. Using a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ), the researchers calculated sweet and fatty food propensity scores.

Dietary iron and the risk of lung cancer.

Animal models have suggested the carcinogenic effect of iron due to its oxidative potential. The lung is particularly vulnerable to oxidative stress. However, epidemiological studies investigating the association between dietary iron and the risk of lung cancer have reported inconclusive results.

The association between skeletal muscle mass index (SMI) and survival after gastrectomy: A systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies.

Objective: Low skeletal muscle mass index (SMI) is frequently identified in gastric cancer patients but its association with patient survival rate is not clear. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to clarify the association between SMI and overall survival in gastric cancer patients after gastrectomy.

Methods: PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science were searched from database inception until July 2021.

Effects of decaffeinated green coffee extract supplementation on anthropometric indices, blood glucose, leptin, adiponectin and neuropeptide Y (NPY) in breast cancer survivors: a randomized clinical trial.

: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of decaffeinated green coffee extract (DGCE) supplementation on anthropometric indices, blood glucose, leptin, adiponectin, and neuropeptide Y (NPY) in breast cancer survivors with obesity. : A total of 44 breast cancer survivors with obesity aged between 18 and 70 years and with a mean body mass index (BMI) of 31.62 ± 4.

Combining ablative radiotherapy and anti CD47 monoclonal antibody improves infiltration of immune cells in tumor microenvironments.

Radiotherapy as an anti-tumor treatment can stimulate the immune system. However, irradiated tumor cells express CD47 to escape the anti-tumor immune response. Anti- CD47 Immunotherapy is a possible way to tackle this problem.

Dietary diversity score (DDS) and odds of colorectal cancer and adenoma: a case-control study.

Despite mounting evidence that dietary factors might have a protective role against risk of cancer, few studies have assessed the relationship between diet diversity with colorectal cancer (CRC) and colorectal adenoma (CRA). Thus, we examined the relationship between dietary diversity score (DDS) and the odds of CRC and CRA. Overall, 129 CRC diagnosed patients, 130 CRA diagnosed cases and 240 healthy hospitalised controls were studied.

Dietary acid load and the risk of cancer: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of observational studies.

Aims: Recent evidence suggests the link between adherence to an acidogenic diet and the risk of some types of cancers, such as colorectal and breast cancers. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to clarify the association between dietary acid load and cancer risk.

Data Search And Synthesis: Online databases ( PubMed, Scopus, EMBASE, Scholar Google and ISI web of sciences ) were searched between January 1990 and May 2021.

Adherence to the Mediterranean diet and the risk of lung cancer: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of observational studies.

Context: The literature supports the protective role of the Mediterranean diet (MD) in the prevention of some types of cancer, such as colorectal and liver cancer. The link between the MD and lung cancer, however, is still unclear.

Objective: The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to investigate the association between the MD and risk of lung cancer.

Glutamine Supplementation Enhances the Effects of a Low FODMAP Diet in Irritable Bowel Syndrome Management.

Although irritable bowel syndrome is one of the most common gastrointestinal disorders presented to gastroenterologists, therapeutic strategies are not yet well-established. Accordingly, we conducted a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, clinical trial to evaluate the possible superiority of adding glutamine supplement to low fermentable oligo- di- monosaccharides and polyols (FODMAP) diet in patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). Eligible adults were randomized to receive a low FODMAP diet either with glutamine (15 g/day) or a placebo for 6 weeks.

Occurrence of Aflatoxins in Commercial Cereal-based Baby Foods in Iran: A Probabilistic Risk Assessment to Health.

The aim of this study was to assess the occurrence of Aflatoxins AFs) including B, B, G and G in commercial cereal-based baby foods by HPLC-FLD method in Iran and related risk assessment in three baby age groups (6-12, 12-18, and 18-24 months) using Monte Carlo simulation approach. Results showed an occurrence ranging from 20% to 60% for B1, B2, and G2 aflatoxins, while AFG1 was not detected in any assessed samples. Exposure and risk assessment was estimated to be two groups (aflatoxin B and total aflatoxins).

A case-control study of Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diets, colorectal cancer and adenomas among Iranian population.

Background And Aims: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer, worldwide. Recently, much attention has been given to the association between Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) and CRC, however, data on colorectal adenomas (CRAs) as its precursor are scarce. Thus, the purpose of this case-control study was to investigate the association of DASH score with the risk of CRC and CRA in Iranian adults.

Dietary acid load and mortality from all causes, CVD and cancer: results from the Golestan Cohort Study.

Given the limited studies and controversial results on association between dietary acid load and mortality from CVD and cancers, we aimed to investigate this association in a large population cohort study in Middle East, with a wide range of dietary acid load. The study was conducted on the platform of the Golestan Cohort Study (GCS), which enrolled 50 045 participants in 2004-2008. Dietary intake was assessed using a validated FFQ.

Does symbiotic supplementation which contains and fructooligosaccharide has favourite effects in patients with type-2 diabetes? A randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.

This study aimed to determine the effect of symbiotic supplementation on metabolic factors and inflammation in patients with type-2 diabetes. In this clinical trial, 50 patients with type-2 diabetes were randomly assigned to the symbiotic (containing + + and fructooligosaccharide) or placebo groups to receive one sachet daily for 12 weeks. Glycaemic Index, lipid profile, and hs-CRP were measured at the beginning and end of the study.

Dietary intake of polyphenols and total antioxidant capacity and risk of prostate cancer: A case-control study in Iranian men.

Background: Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the leading causes, globally, of cancer-related mortality. Previous studies have reported an inverse relationship between some food items or dietary patterns and prostate cancer risk. Polyphenols, as antioxidant and anti-inflammatory dietary components, have been associated with a reduced risk of PCa, whilst dietary indices such as total antioxidant capacity are good predictors of PCa risk.

A review of fasting effects on the response of cancer to chemotherapy.

Background & Aims: Studies suggest that fasting before or during chemotherapy may induce differential stress resistance, reducing the adverse effects of chemotherapy and enhancing the efficacy of drugs. In this article, we review the effects of fasting, including intermittent, periodic, water-only short-term fasting, and caloric restriction on the responsiveness of tumor cells to cytotoxic drugs, their protective effect on normal cells, and possible mechanisms of action.

Methods: We could not perform a systematic review due to the wide variation in the study population, design, dependent measures, and outcomes (eg, type of cancer, treatment variation, experimental setting, etc.

Diet-dependent acid load and the risk of colorectal cancer and adenoma: a case-control study.

Objectives: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third and second most prevalent cancer in men and women, respectively. Various epidemiological studies indicated that dietary factors are implicated in the aetiology of CRC and its precursor, colorectal adenomas (CRA). Recently, much attention has been given to the role of acid-base balance in the development of chronic diseases including cancers.

Habitual dietary intake of flavonoids and all-cause and cause-specific mortality: Golestan cohort study.

Background And Objectives: Flavonoids are the most important group of polyphenols with well-known beneficial effects on health. However; the association of intake of total flavonoid or their subclasses with all-cause or cause-specific mortality is not fully understood. The present study aims to evaluate the association between intake of total flavonoid, flavonoid subclasses, and total and cause-specific mortality in a developing country.

The relationship between the index of nutritional quality and the risk of colorectal cancer and adenoma : a case-control study.

Objective: Colorectal cancer is one of the most common cancers in the world, whereas dietary factors are its most modifiable risk factors. The index of nutritional quality is considered as a general overview of the nutrient content of diet. The aim of this study is to determine the relationship between the index of nutritional quality and the risk of colorectal cancer and adenomas.

Dietary total antioxidant capacity and colorectal cancer and colorectal adenomatous polyps: a case-control study.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common and the third most deadly cancer worldwide. In Iran, CRC is the third and fifth most common cancer in females and males, respectively. Chronic oxidative stress has been implicated in the development of CRC and its precursor, colorectal adenomatous polyps (CAP).

Dietary nutrient patterns and the risk of colorectal cancer and colorectal adenomas: a case-control study.

Although the association between food patterns and the risk of colorectal cancer (CRC) and colorectal adenomas (CRA) has been explored previously, a distinct paucity of studies has evaluated the association of nutrient pattern and the risk of CRC and CRA as precursors of CRC. Thus, the purpose of this case-control study was to investigate nutrient patterns and their relationship with CRC and CRA in Iran. Two hundred forty hospital control, 129 newly diagnosed CRC and 130 newly diagnosed CRA patients were asked about their dietary intakes using validated questionnaires.

Healthy Eating Index-2010 and Mediterranean-Style Dietary Pattern Score and the risk of colorectal cancer and adenoma: a case-control study.

Several studies have examined the relationship between diet quality indices and colorectal cancer (CRC). However, data on the association of these indices and colorectal adenomas (CRA) as a precursor of CRC are scarce. Our objective was to investigate the association of Healthy Eating Index (HEI-2010) and Mediterranean-Style Dietary Pattern Score (MSDPS) with CRC and CRA risk.

Dietary patterns and the risk of colorectal cancer and adenoma: a case control study in Iran.

Aim: The aim of this study is to examine the relationship between dietary patterns and the risk of Colorectal Cancer (CRC) and adenomas.

Background: Dietary patterns have been shown to be associated with risk of CRC, but there are a few data on this context and its relationship with risk of colorectal adenomas as the precursors of the CRC.

Methods: This hospital-based case-control study was conducted in three major general hospitals in Tehran province, Iran.