Prenatal exposure to ambient air pollution and risk of fetal overgrowth: Systematic review of cohort studies.

Objectives: Fetal overgrowth has detrimental effects on both the mother and the fetus. The global issue of ambient air pollution has been found to contribute to fetal overgrowth through various pathways. This study aimed to identify the association between prenatal exposure to ambient air pollution and the risk of fetal overgrowth.

Decomposed Trends of Iranian Private Health Expenditures: Should Inequality be Appreciated?

Inequalities in health and health care have drawn considerable attention in social determinants of health literature. This study aims to calculate the inequality of out-of-pocket health payments (OPHP) for Iranian households during the period 1984 to 2019 and provide decomposed inequality for households with different socioeconomic status. This longitudinal study utilized the Iranian Statistics Centre data on Iranian household income and expenditures survey.

Inequality in Private Health Care Expenditures: A 36-Year Trend Study of Iranian Households.

Objectives: Throughout history, societies have been impacted by inequality. Many studies have been conducted on the topic more broadly, but only a few have investigated inequalities in out-of-pocket health payments (OHP). This study measures OHP inequality trends among the Iranian households.