Eco-friendly nanotechnology in rheumatoid arthritis: ANFIS-XGBoost enhanced layered nanomaterials.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disorder characterized by inflammation and pain in the joints, which can lead to joint damage and disability over time. Nanotechnology in RA treatment involves using nano-scale materials to improve drug delivery efficiency, specifically targeting inflamed tissues and minimizing side effects. The study aims to develop and optimize a new class of eco-friendly and highly effective layered nanomaterials for targeted drug delivery in the treatment of RA.

Rice false smut pathogen: implications for mycotoxin contamination, current status, and future perspectives.

Rice serves as a staple food across various continents worldwide. The rice plant faces significant threats from a range of fungal, bacterial, and viral pathogens. Among these, rice false smut disease (RFS) caused by is one of the devastating diseases in rice fields.

Insights on Development Aspects of Polymeric Nanocarriers: The Translation from Bench to Clinic.

Scientists are focusing immense attention on polymeric nanocarriers as a prominent delivery vehicle for several biomedical applications including diagnosis of diseases, delivery of therapeutic agents, peptides, proteins, genes, siRNA, and vaccines due to their exciting physicochemical characteristics which circumvent degradation of unstable drugs, reduce toxic side effects through controlled release, and improve bioavailability. Polymers-based nanocarriers offer numerous benefits for in vivo drug delivery such as biocompatibility, biodegradability, non-immunogenicity, active drug targeting via surface modification, and controlled release due to their pH-and thermosensitive characteristics. Despite their potential for medicinal use, regulatory approval has been achieved for just a few.

Appraisal for the Potential of Viral and Nonviral Vectors in Gene Therapy: A Review.

Over the past few decades, gene therapy has gained immense importance in medical research as a promising treatment strategy for diseases such as cancer, AIDS, Alzheimer's disease, and many genetic disorders. When a gene needs to be delivered to a target cell inside the human body, it has to pass a large number of barriers through the extracellular and intracellular environment. This is why the delivery of naked genes and nucleic acids is highly unfavorable, and gene delivery requires suitable vectors that can carry the gene cargo to the target site and protect it from biological degradation.

Novel Nanotechnology-Based Approaches for Targeting HIV Reservoirs.

Highly active anti-retroviral therapy (HAART) is prescribed for HIV infection and, to a certain extent, limits the infection's spread. However, it cannot completely eradicate the latent virus in remote and cellular reservoir areas, and due to the complex nature of the infection, the total eradication of HIV is difficult to achieve. Furthermore, monotherapy and multiple therapies are not of much help.

Therapeutic Potential of Different Natural Products for the Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease.

A high incidence of dementia (60-80%) and a high rate of memory loss are two of the most common symptoms of Alzheimer's disease (AD), which affects the elderly. Researchers have recommended that traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and Indian medicines can be used to prevent and cure AD. Several studies have linked neuroinflammation linked to amyloid- (A) deposition in the brain to the pathophysiology of neurodegenerative disorders.

An Overview of Diabetic Foot Ulcers and Associated Problems with Special Emphasis on Treatments with Antimicrobials.

One of the most significant challenges of diabetes health care is diabetic foot ulcers (DFU). DFUs are more challenging to cure, and this is particularly true for people who already have a compromised immune system. Pathogenic bacteria and fungi are becoming more resistant to antibiotics, so they may be unable to fight microbial infections at the wound site with the antibiotics we have now.

Histology of the stomach in the Caucasian squirrel, a scanning electron microscope and immunohistochemical study.

This study was performed to investigate the gross anatomy, histochemistry, and immunohistochemistry of the stomach in the Caucasian squirrel. A total of five male squirrels were included. The obtained results showed that the shape of the stomach was acutely crescent and consisted of four regions namely; cardiac, fundus, body, and pylorus.

Morphological adaptations on the eye of the golden gray mullet (Chelon aurata): Using light and scanning electron microscopical study.

The present investigations were designed to describe the ultrastructural properties of the eye of the golden gray mullet (Chelon aurata). For this purpose, the eyes were examined grossly, and by light and electron microscope. The external layer consists of the cornea and the sclera.

Snout cutis of the domestic pig (Sus scrofa domesticus, Linnaeus, 1758): Using light and transmission electron microscopy.

The current study was designed to give microscopic view on the snout skin of the domestic pig (Sus scrofa domesticus) to clear its adaptations with the function of exploring for the food and pushing the objects. This study carried out on the snout skin of apparently healthy 1 year five pigs (Sus Scrofa) and examined under the light and transmission electron microscopy. Our results clarify that the snout skin cutis composed of the epidermis and the dermis.

An ultrastructural focus on the buccal cavity of the grey gurnard Eutrigla gurnardus (Linnaeus, 1758): Adaptative dietary implications.

The current investigation represented the first anatomical description of the buccal cavity of the grey gurnard Eutrigla gurnardus. For the achievement of this study, 10 heads of mature fish were used for SEM examinations. The morphological characteristic appearance of the buccal cavity has shown several adaptations in relation concerning its feeding habits.

Assessment of Hepatotoxicity Induced by Aluminum Oxide Nanoparticles in Oreochromis niloticus Using Integrated Biomarkers: Exposure and Recovery.

The hepatotoxic impacts of 2, 4, and 8 mg/L of AlO nanoparticles (31.4 ± 4.8 nm) were evaluated in Oreochromis niloticus after 7 days of exposure and 15 days of recovery periods.

The anti-tumourigenic effect of ellagic acid in SKOV-3 ovarian cancer cells entails activation of autophagy mediated by inhibiting Akt and activating AMPK.

This study investigated the effect of ellagic acid (EA) on SKOV-3 cell growth and invasiveness and tested if the underlying mechanism involves modulating autophagy. Cells were treated with EA in the presence or absence of chloroquine (CQ), an autophagy inhibitor, compound C (CC), an AMPK inhibitor, or an insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), a PI3K/Akt activator. EA, at an IC of 36.