Eggshell membrane and green seaweed (Ulva lactuca) micronized powders for in vivo diabetic wound healing in albino rats: a comparative study.

Background: Nonhealing diabetic wounds are a serious complication associated with extremely lethargic wound closure and a high risk of infection, leading to amputation or limb loss, as well as substantial health care costs and a poor quality of life for the patient. The effects of either eggshell membrane (ESM) and green seaweed (Ulva lactuca) extracts alone or in combination were evaluated for in vivo skin wound healing in a rat model of induced diabetes.

Methods: Micronized powders of waste hen ESM, Ulva lactuca, and their 1:1 mixture were prepared using regular procedures.

Electronic nose versus VITEK 2 system for the rapid diagnosis of bloodstream infections.

Infectious diseases that spread through the bloodstream, known as bloodstream infections (BSIs), are a major global health problem. Positive outcomes for patients with sepsis are typically the result of prompt treatment started after an early diagnosis of BSIs. In this study, we evaluated the capabilities of a portable electronic nose (E-Nose) to detect BSIs with two commonly isolated Gram-negative bacterial species, E.

Hydrothermal extraction and physicochemical characterization of biogenic hydroxyapatite nanoparticles from buffalo waste bones for in vivo xenograft in experimental rats.

Hydroxyapatite (HA) can be used in odontology and orthopedic grafts to restore damaged bone due to its stable chemical characteristics, composition, and crystal structural affinity for human bone. A three-step hydrothermal method was used for the extraction of biogenic calcined HA from the buffalo waste bones at 700 °C (HA-700) and 1000 °C (HA-1000). Extracts were analyzed by thermogravimetric analysis, differential scanning calorimetry, X-ray fluorescence, X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and in vivo examination of HA xenografts for femoral lesions in experimental rats.

Electronic nose versus quadrupole mass spectrometry for identifying viral hepatitis C patients.

Hepatitis C is a leading cause of liver disease and transplantation and is a significant burden on public health worldwide. This study aimed to apply the Electronic Nose (E-Nose) and quadrupole Mass Spectrometry (MS/MS) technologies for screening blood samples from hepatitis C patients and healthy controls. We analysed volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in the headspace over blood samples to identify those VOCs characteristic for diagnosing hepatitis C patients.

Volatile organic compounds of biofluids for detecting lung cancer by an electronic nose based on artificial neural network.

Lung cancer (LC) incidence represents 11.5% of all new cancers, resulting in 1.72 million deaths worldwide in 2015.

A Novel Morphological Analysis of DXA-DICOM Images by Artificial Neural Networks for Estimating Bone Mineral Density in Health and Disease.

One of the best methods for diagnosing bone disease in humans is site-specific and total bone mineral density (BMD) measurements by Dual-energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DXA) machines. The basic disadvantage of this technology is inconsistent BMD measurements among different DXA machines from different manufacturers due to different image analysis algorithms. The objective of the present study was to apply artificial neural networks (ANNs) to estimate total BMD for diagnosing a population of Egyptians with and without pathology, using extracted features from DXA-DICOM images based on the Histogram and Binary algorithms as compared to reference BMD measurements by DXA machine.

Underexpression of miR-486-5p but not Overexpression of miR-155 is Associated with Lung Cancer Stages.

Background: Evidence is increasing that microRNAs (miR) are particularly important in lung homeostasis and development and have been shown to be involved in many pulmonary diseases such as asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, sarcoidosis, Lung Cancer (LC) and other smoking-related diseases.

Objective: The objective of this study was to investigate the expression of miR-155 and miR-486-5p in tissues from LC patients and healthy endobronchial mucosa as prognostic biomarkers for diagnosing LC.

Methods: Bronchoscopic and thoracoscopic tissue biopsies were taken from 50 LC patients and other 50 control subjects without lung mass, who were planned for a clinical bronchoscopy.

Total Body Capacitance for Estimating Human Basal Metabolic Rate in an Egyptian Population.

Determining basal metabolic rate (BMR) is important for estimating total energy needs in the human being yet, concerns have been raised regarding the suitability of sex-specific equations based on age and weight for its calculation on an individual or population basis. It has been shown that body cell mass (BCM) is the body compartment responsible for BMR. The objectives of this study were to investigate the relationship between total body capacitance (TBC), which is considered as an expression for BCM, and BMR and to develop a formula for calculating BMR in comparison with widely used equations.

Comparative modeling of combined transport of water and graded-size molecules across the glomerular capillary wall.

Chronic kidney disease is a common and growing problem worldwide that necessitates recognition of individual risk and appropriate laboratory testing before its progression to end-stage renal failure, requiring dialysis or transplantation for survival. Clearance studies using various graded-size probe molecules established that the passage of molecules/proteins across the glomerular capillary barrier of mammalian kidneys is increasingly restricted as their size increase. Few mathematical models were developed to describe the dynamics of the size-selective functions of macromolecules across membranes and gelatins.

Electronic noses for monitoring benzene occupational exposure in biological samples of Egyptian workers.

Objectives: Benzene is commonly emitted in several industries, leading to widespread environmental and occupational exposure hazards. While less toxic solvents have been substituted for benzene, it is still a component of petroleum products and is a trace impurity in industrial products resulting in continued higher occupational exposures in industrial settings in developing countries.

Materials And Methods: We investigated the potential use of an electronic nose (e-nose) to monitor the headspace volatiles in biological samples from benzene-exposed Egyptian workers and non-exposed controls.

Effects of sleep disordered breathing on functional capacity and quality of life in chronic kidney disease Egyptian patients.

Purpose: We assessed the prevalence of sleep disordered breathing (SDB) and investigated its effects on the muscle functional capacity and quality of life (QoL) among chronic kidney disease (CKD) Egyptian patients, either maintained or not maintained on hemodialysis (HD).

Methods: The study population comprised 100 CKD patients who were divided into patients maintained on HD (n = 60; M/F = 28:32) and patients not maintained on HD (n = 40; M/F = 24:16). Patients were observed overnight using the pulse-oximetry technique and further subdivided into patients with SDB and patients without SDB, according to their calculated oxygen desaturation index (cutoff 5).

Modeling combined transport of water and charged graded-size molecules across the glomerular capillary wall.

Clearance studies using various probe molecules established that the passage of molecules/proteins across the glomerular capillary wall of mammalian kidneys is increasingly restricted as their size and net negative charge increase. An extended mathematical model, based on the Fiber Matrix theory, was developed to describe the dynamics of the size- and charge-selective functions of the glomerular capillary barrier using mainly its hemodynamic, morphometric, and electrostatic variables. The glomerular basement membrane was represented as a homogeneous three-dimensional network of fibers of uniform length (L(f)), radius (R(f)), and packing density (N(fv)) and characteristic Darcy permeability.

Changes in Mice Brain Spontaneous Electrical Activity during Cortical Spreading Depression due to Mobile Phone Radiation.

The objective of the present study was to investigate changes in spontaneous EEG activity during cortical spreading depression (CSD) in mice brain. The cortical region of anaesthetized mice were exposed to the electromagnetic fields (EMFs) emitted from a mobile phone (MP, 935.2-960.

Bone densitometric analysis in egyptian hemodialysis patients.

End-stage renal failure (ESRF) is the ultimate consequence of chronic renal failure, and in such cases dialysis is generally required. Almost all dialysed patients have abnormal bone histology and lower values of glomerular filtration rate have been associated with lower bone mineral density (BMD) at all sites. The objective of the present study was to investigate the effect of hemodialysis (HD) on body-composition (BC), specially segmental and total BMD in Egyptian ESRF patients.

Effects of Reactive Oxygen Species on in vitro Filtration of Water and Albumin across Glomerular Basement Membrane.

Most of the interest in the glomerular basement membrane (GBM) stems from the observation that it undergoes morphological changes in renal disease. Studies on persistent proteinuria in experimental animal models have shown that the permeability properties of the GBM have been altered as a result of protein degradation and cross-linking of type IV collagen via its NC1 domains promoted by reactive oxygen species (ROS) and extrusion of tubular cell contents. We used the in vitro ultrafiltration technique to assess permeability properties of bare isolated GBM films to water and albumin in the Munich Wistar Fromter rat model of glomerular injury.

A novel method for diagnosing chronic rhinosinusitis based on an electronic nose.

The nasal out-breath of persons with chronic nasal and/or paranasal infections may have characteristic strange odors, which in our experience are in most cases related to bacterial and/or fungal infections of the sinuses. The objective of the present study was to examine nasal out-breath samples from patients with chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) (with or without polyposis) and healthy control volunteers using the electronic-nose (EN) technology. We developed a simple technique for collecting samples of nasal out-breath in disposable sterile plastic sacks with a tight closing seal.

Home telemonitoring for patients with severe respiratory illness: the Italian experience.

We investigated the feasibility of telemonitoring services for patients with severe respiratory illness. In the first phase of the study, patients were observed and treated using face-to-face medical visits for 12 months. In the second phase of the study, the patients were monitored at home for 12 months, during which time determinations of arterial oxygen saturation and heart rate were performed twice a week, and the data were automatically transmitted to the hospital's processing centre via a normal telephone line.

Long-term follow-up of cellular proliferation as a predictive index for the relapse of nasal polyposis.

Background: The objective of this study was to identify a reproducible clinical parameter for predicting relapses of nasal polyposis after surgery.

Methods: Ninety-three patients who had undergone ethmoidectomy of bilateral nasal polyps were followed for 3 years. Nasal polyps were obtained from all patients, and cellular suspensions were analyzed individually using flow cytometry.

Modeling combined transport of water and test macromolecules across the glomerular capillary barrier: dynamics of the permselectivity.

The structure, function, and composition of the basement membrane of the glomerular capillaries of the mammalian kidney have been extensively studied, in light of the membrane's important physiological role in glomerular filtration of macromolecules and of its frequent involvement in renal diseases. An analytical mathematical model, based on the fiber matrix theory, was developed to describe the dynamics of the permselective function of the glomerular capillary barrier using mainly its hemodynamic and morphometric variables. The glomerular basement membrane was represented as a homogeneous three-dimensional meshwork of fibers of uniform length (L(f)), radius (R(f)), and packing density (N(fv)) and characterized by a local Darcy permeability (a measure of the intrinsic hydraulic conductance of the glomerular basement membrane).

Effect of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition on glomerular basement membrane permeability and distribution of zonula occludens-1 in MWF rats.

The mechanism(s) by which angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors prevent glomerular membrane loss of permselective function is still not understood. In male MWF rats, which develop spontaneous proteinuria with age, ACE inhibitors prevent proteinuria and increase glomerular ultrafiltration coefficient. These renoprotective effects are not associated with ultrastructural changes of capillary wall components.