Mitochondrial Dynamics in Brain Cells During Normal and Pathological Aging.

Mitochondrial dynamics significantly play a major role in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases, such as Parkinson's disease and Alzheimer's disease. The dysregulation of mitochondrial biogenesis and function, characterized by impaired fission and fusion processes mediated by a number of proteins, in particular, Drp1, Mfn1, Mfn2, Opa1, and PGC-1α, contributes to neuronal vulnerability and degeneration. Insufficient mitophagy and disrupted mitochondrial transport exacerbate oxidative stress and neurotoxicity.

Accumulation of Anthocyanin in the Aleurone of Barley Grains by Targeted Restoration of the Gene.

Blue barley grain pigmentation results from anthocyanin accumulation in the aleurone layer. Anthocyanins are known for their beneficial effects on human health. The gene encoding the MYELOCYTOMATOSIS 2 (MYC2) transcription factor is potentially responsible for the blue coloration of the aleurone.

Interleukin-1 Blockade With RPH-104 (Goflikicept) in Patients With ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction: Secondary End Points From an International, Double-Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Phase 2a Study.

In a randomized double-blinded clinical trial of patients with ST segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), goflikicept, an interleukin-1 blocker, significantly reduced systemic inflammation, measured as the area under the curve (AUC) for high-sensitivity C reactive protein at 14 days. We report secondary analyses of biomarkers at 28 days, and cardiac function and clinical end points at 1 year. Patients received a single administration of goflikicept 80 mg (n = 34), goflikicept 160 mg (n = 34), or placebo (n = 34).

Kainate-Induced Reorganization the Dentate Gyrus of the Hippocampus Is Accompanied by Activation of Mitochondrial Fission in the Granular Layer Neurons.

The reorganization of the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus and changes in mitochondrial fission were evaluated using the kainate model of temporal lobe epilepsy. In 28 days after administration of 0.5 μg kainic acid, disturbances in the distribution of neuronal precursors in the subgranular zone of the hippocampus, thickening of the granular layer, and an increase in the content of synaptophysin in the molecular layer were detected.

Extended investigation of the conductive characteristics of monoclinic tungstates with a BiWO ( = La, Pr or Nd) composition.

δ-BiO-based materials have long been a focus of interest as potential solid oxide fuel cell materials due to their high electrical conductivity. Here, extensive studies of thermal stability, polymorphism and conductivity have been carried out for the first time on BiWO ( = La, Pr or Nd) compounds in the ternary BiO-O-WO system, mentioned more than 20 years ago by Watanabe. The obtained single-phase materials were found to be sufficiently dense (more than 94%) and thermally stable (up to 900 °C).

[Long-term goflkicept therapy for patients with idiopathic recurrent pericarditis: results of the interim analysis of an ongoing open-label extension study].

Aim: To evaluate the long-term safety and efficacy of goflkicept treatment in patients with idiopathic recurrent pericarditis (IRP).

Materials And Methods: This report presents the interim analysis of an ongoing open-label extension (OLE) clinical trial of goflkicept in patients with IRP (NCT05673902), as a continuation of the core study (NCT04692766). The study assessed the frequency of pericarditis recurrence, time to recurrence after 12 and 60 weeks of goflkicept therapy, changes in C-reactive protein level, chest pain intensity, pericardial effusion size, and adverse events (AEs).

World Health Organization repository of systematic reviews on interventions in environment, climate change and health: a new resource for decision makers, intervention implementers, and researchers.

To facilitate the use of the mounting evidence on how human health is inextricably linked to the health of the planet and the urgent need for measures against the escalating triple planetary crisis, the WHO has developed a repository of systematic reviews on interventions in the area of environment, climate change and health (ECH). This commentary introduces the repository, describes its rationale and development, and points to potential future evolutions. The repository aims to provide a user-friendly tool for quickly finding systematic reviews and meta-analyses on specific ECH topics.

Towards enhanced creativity in fashion: integrating generative models with hybrid intelligence.

Introduction: This study explores the role and potential of large language models (LLMs) and generative intelligence in the fashion industry. These technologies are reshaping traditional methods of design, production, and retail, leading to innovation, product personalization, and enhanced customer interaction.

Methods: Our research analyzes the current applications and limitations of LLMs in fashion, identifying challenges such as the need for better spatial understanding and design detail processing.

Dynamic features of virus protein 1 and substitutions in the 3-phenyl ring determine the potency and broad-spectrum activity of capsid-binding pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidines against rhinoviruses.

Pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidines represent one potent class of well tolerated and highly active rhinovirus (RV) inhibitors that act as capsid binders. The lead compound OBR-5-340 inhibits a broad-spectrum of RVs. Aiming to improve lead activity, we evaluated the impact of structural modifications in the 3-phenyl ring of OBR-5-340 on its potency and spectrum of anti-RV activity vitro.

Smart photopharmacological agents: LaVO:Eu@vinyl phosphonate combining luminescence imaging and photoswitchable butyrylcholinesterase inhibition.

The combination of photoswitchability and bioactivity in one compound provides interesting opportunities for photopharmacology. Here, we report a hybrid compound that in addition allows for its visual localization. It is the first demonstration of its kind and it even shows high photoswitchability.

Targeting multiple hallmarks of mammalian aging with combinations of interventions.

Aging is currently viewed as a result of multiple biological processes that manifest themselves independently, reinforce each other and in their totality lead to the aged phenotype. Genetic and pharmaceutical approaches targeting specific underlying causes of aging have been used to extend the lifespan and healthspan of model organisms ranging from yeast to mammals. However, most interventions display only a modest benefit.

[Expression of transferrin receptor 1 and β1-integrins correlates with estrogen receptor status and immune infiltration in breast cancer].

Unlabelled: Cancer cells can aberrantly express various markers, including transferrin receptor 1 (CD71) and 1-integrin molecules. Their role in invasion, migration and metastasis has been demonstrated. Determination of their expression in breast cancer (BC) may be an important point to characterize the clinical course of the tumor and prognosis of the disease.

Efficacy of macozinone in mice with genetically diverse susceptibility to Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection.

Host heterogeneity in pulmonary tuberculosis leads to varied responses to infection and drug treatment. The present portfolio of anti-TB drugs needs to be boosted with new drugs and drug regimens. Macozinone, a clinical-stage molecule targeting the essential enzyme, DprE1, represents an attractive option.

Modulating mycobacterial envelope integrity for antibiotic synergy with benzothiazoles.

Developing effective tuberculosis drugs is hindered by mycobacteria's intrinsic antibiotic resistance because of their impermeable cell envelope. Using benzothiazole compounds, we aimed to increase mycobacterial cell envelope permeability and weaken the defenses of , serving as a model for Initial hit, BT-08, significantly boosted ethidium bromide uptake, indicating enhanced membrane permeability. It also demonstrated efficacy in the -zebrafish embryo infection model and -infected macrophages.

Effect of Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitors in Adults With Congenital Heart Disease.

Background: Heart failure (HF) is the principal cause of morbidity and mortality in adults with congenital heart disease (ACHD). Robust evidence-based treatment options are lacking.

Objectives: This study aims to evaluate the safety, tolerability, and short-term HF-related effects of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) in a real-world ACHD population.

Immunohistochemical Analysis of Mitochondrial Dynamics in Different Zones of the Hippocampus during Experimental Modeling of Alzheimer's Disease.

We performed a comparative assessment of the immunohistochemical distribution of markers of mitochondrial fission (Drp-1), mitochondrial fusion (Mfn-2), and mitochondrial biogenesis (PGC-1α) in pyramidal neurons of different zones of the hippocampus in mice with intrahippocampal administration of β-amyloid peptide 25-35. The most pronounced changes in the dynamics associated with a decrease in the amount of the fission marker and an increase in the amount of the fusion marker were observed in the CA3 field on day 38 after peptide administration. In the CA1 field, a significant decrease in the marker of mitochondrial biogenesis PGC-1α was found on day 38, which can indicate a decrease in the intensity of mitochondrial biogenesis.

Assessment of Nuclear Gem Quantity for Evaluating the Efficacy of Antisense Oligonucleotides in Spinal Muscular Atrophy Cells.

Spinal muscular atrophy is a neuromuscular disorder caused by mutations in both copies of the survival motor neuron gene 1 (), which lead to reduction in the production of the SMN protein. Currently, there are several therapies that have been approved for SMA, with many more undergoing active research. While various biomarkers have been proposed for assessing the effectiveness of SMA treatment, a universally accepted one still has not been identified.