Super-radiant mode in InAs-monolayer-based Bragg structures.

We report direct experimental evidence of the collective super-radiant mode in Bragg structure containing 60 InAs monolayer-based quantum wells (QWs) periodically arranged in GaAs matrix. Time-resolved photoluminescence measurements reveal an appearance of the additional super-radiant mode, originated from coherent collective interaction of QWs. This mode demonstrates a super-linear dependence of the intensity and radiative decay rate on the excitation power.

Interleukin-24 inhibits influenza A virus replication in vitro through induction of toll-like receptor 3 dependent apoptosis.

New anti-viral agents and strategies are urgently needed to fight rapidly mutating viruses, as vaccine programs cannot react fast enough to prevent pandemics. Recently, we have shown that interleukin-24 (IL-24) sensitizes tumor cells to toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) mediated apoptosis. As influenza A virus stimulates the TLR3 receptor, we hypothesized that IL-24 might also exert an anti-viral effect.

[Ebola hemorrhagic fever: Properties of the pathogen and development of vaccines and chemotherapeutic agents].

Ebola hemorrhagic fever (EHF) epidemic currently ongoing in West Africa is not the first among numerous epidemics in the continent. Yet it seems to be the worst EHF epidemic outbreak caused by Ebola virus Zaire since 1976 as regards its extremely large scale and rapid spread in the population. Experiments to study the agent have continued for more than 20 years.

A genetically adjuvanted influenza B virus vector increases immunogenicity and protective efficacy in mice.

The existence of multiple antigenically distinct types and subtypes of influenza viruses allows the construction of a multivalent vector system for the mucosal delivery of foreign sequences. Influenza A viruses have been exploited successfully for the expression of extraneous antigens as well as immunostimulatory molecules. In this study, we describe the development of an influenza B virus vector whose functional part of the interferon antagonist NS1 was replaced by human interleukin 2 (IL2) as a genetic adjuvant.

Diffusive Propagation of Exciton-Polaritons through Thin Crystal Slabs.

If light beam propagates through matter containing point impurity centers, the amount of energy absorbed by the media is expected to be either independent of the impurity concentration N or proportional to N, corresponding to the intrinsic absorption or impurity absorption, respectively. Comparative studies of the resonant transmission of light in the vicinity of exciton resonances measured for 15 few-micron GaAs crystal slabs with different values of N, reveal a surprising tendency. While N spans almost five decimal orders of magnitude, the normalized spectrally-integrated absorption of light scales with the impurity concentration as N(1/6).

The Use of Atomic Force Microscopy for 3D Analysis of Nucleic Acid Hybridization on Microarrays.

Oligonucleotide microarrays are considered today to be one of the most efficient methods of gene diagnostics. The capability of atomic force microscopy (AFM) to characterize the three-dimensional morphology of single molecules on a surface allows one to use it as an effective tool for the 3D analysis of a microarray for the detection of nucleic acids. The high resolution of AFM offers ways to decrease the detection threshold of target DNA and increase the signal-to-noise ratio.

Application of salivary antibody immunoassays for the detection of incident infections with Norwalk virus in a group of volunteers.

Norovirus infection is the most common cause of acute gastroenteritis in developed countries. Developing an assay based on a non-invasive biomarker for detecting incident norovirus infections could improve disease surveillance and epidemiological investigations. This project involved analysis of IgA and IgG norovirus-specific antibody responses in saliva samples from a Norwalk virus (Genogroup I, genotype 1 norovirus) challenge study involving infected and symptomatic, and non-infected asymptomatic individuals.

Recombinant horseradish peroxidase: production and analytical applications.

Horseradish peroxidase is a key enzyme in bio- and immunochemical analysis. New approaches in functional expression of the peroxidase gene in E. coli cells and the subsequent refolding of the resulting protein yield a recombinant enzyme that is comparable in its spectral and catalytic characteristics to the native plant peroxidase.

[Application of a standardized-human biomonitoring methodology to assess prenatal exposure to mercury].

World Health Organization (WHO), in cooperation with the Consortium to Perform Human Biomonitoring on a European Scale (COPHES), has developed a standardized methodology for human biomonitoring (HBM) surveys in maternities in order to assess prenatal exposure to mercury. To test this standard methodology and adapt it to Russian settings, a cross-sectional HBM survey involving 120 parturient women was conducted in six maternities of the Moscow Region. Levels of total mercury in maternal hair (geometric mean: 0.

[Study of some aspects of the mechanism of bacterial synthesis of silver sulfide nanoparticles by mMetal-reducing bacteria Shewanella oneidensis MR-1].

In the present work it was shown that biosynthesis of silver sulfide nanoparticles from silver nitrate and sodium thiosulfate solutions of millimolar concentration occurs efficiently by living Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 cells, as well as by ultrasonically-disrupted cells and by the membrane fraction of the cells. The size of nanoparticles synthesized in the presence of living cells was 7.8 ± 1.

[On possibility of partial restore integrative brain activity in patients with vegetative state].

A combined approach to neuroreconstructive effects on pathogenesis mechanisms of vegetative state that develops as a result of severe traumatic brain injury (TBI). It is shown that under the influence of chemical transtimpanal vestibular dereception and transcranial micropolarization (TDCS) accelerated and more pronounced therapeutic effect than conventional therapy. Neurophysiological in-depth examination of the dynamics shows that over time in patients in a vegetative state, picking up the intensity, "tension" and "rigidity" of inter-regional cortical interactions in the organization that are beginning to dominate the area TPO cortex of both hemispheres.

Ebola hemorrhagic fever: Properties of the pathogen and development of vaccines and chemotherapeutic agents.

Ebola hemorrhagic fever (EHF) epidemic currently ongoing in West Africa is not the first among numerous epidemics in the continent. Yet it seems to be the worst EHF epidemic outbreak caused by Ebola virus Zaire since 1976 as regards its extremely large scale and rapid spread in the population. Experiments to study the agent have continued for more than 20 years.

[Retinal vein occlusion management algorithm. Part 3. Neovascular complications].

Neovascular complications severity in central/branch retinal vein occlusion (RVO) correlates with the level of occlusion and the degree of retinal perfusion disturbance. Large areas of retinal non-perfusion (more than half of the total retinal area) are associated with the risk for posterior segment neovascularization as high as 33% and for neovascular glaucoma - 45%. Over the past 30 years there has been an evident declining tendency of neovascular complications rates in the natural course of RVO.

[Retinal vein occlusion management algorithm. Part 2. Macular edema].

Macular edema (ME) is the most common complication of both ischemic and nonischemic retinal vein occlusion (RVO). If the main trunk of the central retinal vein is involved, ME occurs in 100% of cases. According to the Central Vein Occlusion Study, in 65% of RVO and ME patients with baseline visual acuity (VA) of at least 0.

[Retinal vein occlusion management algorithm. Part 1. Classification, diagnosis, and acute-stage treatment].

Considering an upward global trend in cardiovascular disease rates, retinal vein occlusion (RVO) in particular, development of therapeutic guidelines is a pressing issue in ophthalmology. Risk factors for RVO include hypertension, atherosclerosis, diabetes mellitus, blood disorders, inflammatory disorders, and prescription drug use. Three stages of RVO have been identified.

[Solid pseudopapillary tumors of the pancreas: clinical and morphological characteristics, specific features of their immunophenotype, and diagnostic problems].

Objective: To analyze 60 cases of solid pseudopapillary tumors (SPTs) of the pancreas, to reveal their most characteristic clinical and morphological features, and to study their possible histogenesis.

Material And Methods: Sixty cases of SPTs of the pancreas underwent clinical, morphological, and immunohistochemical (IHC) examinations; a comparison group consisted of 86 pancreatic tumors of other histogenesis.

Results: It has been shown for the first time that SPTs are characterized by the nuclear expression of claudin 3 and the cytoplasmic expression of claudin 7.

[Pharmacological action on emotional sphere with phenazepam and caffeine changes preference of ethanol in Wistar male rats].

Earlier we have shown that essential for formation of preference to alcohol is not that much the initial anxiety level, but rather direction of its change in the process of forced alcoholization. The goal of this work was study of effect of change in the anxiety level on formation of action on the emotional sphere. Out of four groups, for 4 months of experiment, the 1st group had access only to the 10 % ethanol solution; the 2nd group--to the 10% ethanol with addition of 0.

[Implementation of scanning probe microscopy for the solution of molecular diagnostics tasks].

We present new approaches to improve the efficiency of DNA by scanning probe microscopy using a highly specific hybridization on affine surfaces and nanostructures of gold as a labels. Scanning probe microscopy allows to register of individual acts of hybridization by the detection of gold labels on the surface affinity followed by automatic calculation of the total.

[Conjugates of streptavidin with gold nanoparticles for the visualization of dna single interactions on the silicon surface].

The potential of the method of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to visualize the results of individual acts of DNA and oligonucleotides hybridization using gold nanoparticles as label was investigated. Molecule of biotin was introduced into DNA or oligonucleotide, and then it was detected in DNA duplex using a conjugate of streptavidin with gold nanoparticles. Effective imaging of DNA duplexes was possible using a conjugate prepared by covalent binding.

KATP channels modulate intrinsic firing activity of immature entorhinal cortex layer III neurons.

Medial temporal lobe structures are essential for memory formation which is associated with coherent network oscillations. During ontogenesis, these highly organized patterns develop from distinct, less synchronized forms of network activity. This maturation process goes along with marked changes in intrinsic firing patterns of individual neurons.

The exercise paradox: An interactional model for a clearer conceptualization of exercise addiction.

Background And Aims: Exercise addiction receives substantial attention in the field of behavioral addictions. It is a unique form of addiction because in contrast to other addictive disorders it is carried out with major physical-effort and high energy expenditure.

Methods: A critical literature review was performed.

Axon-carrying dendrites convey privileged synaptic input in hippocampal neurons.

Neuronal processing is classically conceptualized as dendritic input, somatic integration, and axonal output. The axon initial segment, the proposed site of action potential generation, usually emanates directly from the soma. However, we found that axons of hippocampal pyramidal cells frequently derive from a basal dendrite rather than from the soma.