Neoadjuvant Immunotherapy Effectiveness in Patients With Microsatellite Instability-High (MSI-H) Gastric Cancer.

Purpose This research work evaluates monotherapy with checkpoint inhibitors (CPI). as a neoadjuvant treatment for patients with Microsatellite Instability-High (MSI-H) locally advanced gastric cancer. Methods Here we present the results of the retrospective study from Napalkov Cancer Center over 4.

Tumor alkalization therapy: misconception or good therapeutics perspective? - the case of malignant ascites.

Tumor acidity has been identified as a key factor in promoting cancer progression, metastasis, and resistance. Tumor alkalization therapy has emerged as a potential strategy for cancer treatment. This article provides preclinical and clinical evidence for tumor alkalization therapy as a promising cancer treatment strategy.

Discrimination between Complete versus Non-Complete Pathologic Response to Neoadjuvant Therapy Using Ultrasensitive Mutation Analysis: A Proof-of-Concept Study in -Driven Breast Cancer Patients.

Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) for breast cancer (BC) often results in pathologic complete response (pCR), i.e., the complete elimination of visible cancer cells.

Management and Treatment of Non-small Cell Lung Cancer with MET Alteration and Mechanisms of Resistance.

MET-driven tumors are a heterogenous group of non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLC) with activating mutations. Pathologic activation of MET can be achieved with increased number of gene copies overexpression, or decreased protein degradation through several mechanisms, including mutations, amplifications, or fusions. Besides its role as primary driver, MET activation might also mediate resistance to kinase inhibitors in NSCLC with various other actionable alterations.

Monitoring of the presence of EGFR-mutated DNA during EGFR-targeted therapy may assist in the prediction of treatment outcome.

The aim of our trial was to evaluate the prognostic significance of qualitative ctDNA analysis on different stages of EGFR mutated non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treatment. We included 99 patients amendable for the first line treatment with either gefitinib/erlotinib (n = 87), afatinib (n = 10) or osimertinib (n = 2). Sequential qualitative analysis of ctDNA with cobas® EGFR Mutation Test v2 were performed before first dose, after 2 and 4 months of treatment, and on progression.

The emergence of hypervirulent bla-positive Klebsiella pneumoniae sequence type 395 in an oncology hospital.

Fifteen hypermucoviscous isolates (13 bla-positive) obtained from 11 oncology patients were analyzed by whole genome sequencing, and selected isolates were assessed in a murine model of sepsis. ST395/K2 isolates harboring rmpA, rmpA2, peg-344, aerobactin, enterobactin, yersiniabactin, type I fimbriae, etc. displayed maximal virulence in the mouse lethality assay (LD = 10 CFU).

[Thrombosis of the inferior vena cava and right portions of the heart in a relapsing retroperitoneal malignant tumour].

Presented herein is a clinical case report regarding successful treatment of a female patient with a relapsing malignant retroperitoneal tumour complicated by disseminated thrombosis of the inferior vena cava, right atrium and right ventricle of the heart. A relapse of the malignant uterine tumour had developed 3 years after the primary operation and was represented by a large-size mass ingrowing into the infrarenal segment of the inferior vena cava, aorta, as well as jejunum. Additional examination revealed the presence of a tumorous thrombus extending from the primary tumorous node in the lumen of the inferior vena cava to the right atrium and ventricle.

Lack of Response to Vemurafenib in Melanoma Carrying BRAF K601E Mutation.

Vemurafenib has been developed to target common BRAF mutation V600E. It also exerts activity towards some but not all rare BRAF substitutions. Proper cataloguing of drug-sensitive and -insensitive rare mutations remains a challenge, due to low occurrence of these events and inability of commercial PCR-based diagnostic kits to detect the full spectrum of BRAF gene lesions.

Myxopapillary Ependymoma of Lumbar Soft Tissue: A Case Report With Gene Expression Evaluation.

Primary extraspinal myxopapillary ependymoma (MPE) is an exceptionally rare lesion that is mainly located in the subcutaneous sacrococcygeal region. We describe the first case of MPE that presented as an intramuscular tumor mass located in the lumbar area. Absence of the visible connection with the spinal cord and lack of any other tumors in the reported case argue for the primary ectopic origin of the MPE.

[Clinical aspects of hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer: experience of genetic consultation].

Five-ten percent of early-onset (up to age of 50) colorectal cancers are regarded as being inherited. Positive results of a medical genetic examination call for microsatellite instability test. However, that method is not absolutely reliable because although all microsatellite instability tests for hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer are positive, microsatellite instability of tumor DNA occurs in 15% of sporadic colorectal carcinoma.

[Intraoperative staging of colorectal tumors].

The effectiveness of intraoperative staging of tumor by sentinel node staining with lymphotropic dyes was evaluated in 60 patients with colorectal tumors (colon carcinoma -39, rectal cancer- 21). High sensitivity (84.6% and 87.