Sn and Ge Complexes with Redox-Active Ligands as Efficient Interfacial Membrane-like Buffer Layers for p-i-n Perovskite Solar Cells.

Inverted perovskite solar cells with a p-i-n configuration have attracted considerable attention from the research community because of their simple design, insignificant hysteresis, improved operational stability, and low-temperature fabrication technology. However, this type of device is still lagging behind the classical n-i-p perovskite solar cells in terms of its power conversion efficiency. The performance of p-i-n perovskite solar cells can be increased using appropriate charge transport and buffer interlayers inserted between the main electron transport layer and top metal electrode.

Crystal structure and Hirshfeld surface analysis of 2-(4-chloro-phen-yl)-4-(di-meth-oxy-meth-yl)-5-phenyl-1,3-thia-zole.

In the title compound, CHClNOS, the thia-zole ring subtends dihedral angles of 13.12 (14) and 43.79 (14) ° with the attached chloro-phenyl and phenyl rings, respectively.