Improved mitigation of self-phase modulation induced impairments in 28 GBaud phase-sensitive amplified links.

The improved mitigation of self-phase modulation (SPM) induced nonlinear impairments by the use of a multi-span dispersion map optimization in 28 GBaud phase-sensitive amplifier (PSA) links is numerically investigated. We show that a four-span dispersion map optimized PSA link provides 2.1 times reach improvement over a single-span optimized PSA link with a total nonlinear phase shift tolerance increase from 2.

Phase-sensitive amplifier link with distributed Raman amplification.

We demonstrate long-haul transmission using a hybrid amplifier approach combining distributed Raman amplification and lumped phase-sensitive amplification. Aside from the well-known resulting SNR improvement, distributed Raman amplification is included in an effort to improve the nonlinearity mitigation capability of the phase-sensitive amplifiers. When changing from phase-insensitive operation to phase-sensitive operation in a link employing distributed Raman amplification, the transmission reach at BER = 10 is increased from 15 to 44 spans of length 81 km while simultaneously increasing the optimal launch power by 2 dB.

Publisher Correction: Long-haul optical transmission link using low-noise phase-sensitive amplifiers.

The original version of this Article incorrectly listed an affiliation of Samuel L.I. Olsson as 'Thomas Johann Seebeck Department of Electronics, Tallinn University of Technology, Tallinn 19086, Estonia', instead of the correct 'Present address: Nokia Bell Labs, 791 Holmdel Road, Holmdel, NJ 07733, USA'.

Long-haul optical transmission link using low-noise phase-sensitive amplifiers.

The capacity and reach of long-haul fiber optical communication systems is limited by in-line amplifier noise and fiber nonlinearities. Phase-sensitive amplifiers add 6 dB less noise than conventional phase-insensitive amplifiers, such as erbium-doped fiber amplifiers, and they can provide nonlinearity mitigation after each span. Realizing a long-haul transmission link with in-line phase-sensitive amplifiers providing simultaneous low-noise amplification and nonlinearity mitigation is challenging and to date no such transmission link has been demonstrated.

Dispersion management for nonlinearity mitigation in two-span 28 GBaud QPSK phase-sensitive amplifier links.

We present an investigation of dispersion map optimization for two-span single-channel 28 GBaud QPSK transmission systems with phase-sensitive amplifiers (PSAs). In experiments, when the PSA link is operated in a highly nonlinear regime, a 1.4 dB error vector magnitude (EVM) improvement is achieved compared to a one-span optimized dispersion map link due to improved nonlinearity mitigation.