The dissipation and microbial ecotoxicity of tebuconazole and its transformation products in soil under standard laboratory and simulated winter conditions.

Tebuconazole (TBZ) is a widely used triazole fungicide at EU level on cereals and vines. It is relatively persistent in soil where it is transformed to various transformation products (TPs) which might be environmentally relevant. We assessed the dissipation of TBZ in soil under contrasting incubation conditions (standard vs winter simulated) that are relevant to its application scheme, determined its transformation pathway using advanced analytical tools and C-labeled TBZ and assessed its soil microbial toxicity.

The effect of carbon source on microbial community structure and Cr(VI) reduction rate.

In the present work, the effect of the carbon source on microbial community structure in batch cultures derived from industrial sludge and hexavalent chromium reduction was studied. Experiments in aerobic batch reactors were carried out by amending industrial sludge with two different carbon sources: sodium acetate and sucrose. In each of the experiments performed, four different initial Cr(VI) concentrations of: 6, 13, 30 and 115 mg/L were tested.