TIMER: A Clinical Study of Energy Restriction in Women with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus.

Medical nutrition therapy is an integral part of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) management; however, the prescription of optimal energy intake is often a difficult task due to the limited available evidence. The present pilot, feasibility, parallel, open-label and non-randomized study aimed to evaluate the effect of a very low energy diet (VLED, 1600 kcal/day), or a low energy diet (LED, 1800 kcal/day), with or without personalized exercise sessions, among women with GDM in singleton pregnancies. A total of 43 women were allocated to one of four interventions at GDM diagnosis: (1) VLED ( = 15), (2) VLED + exercise ( = 4), (3) LED ( = 16) or (4) LED + exercise ( = 8).

Implementation of Fetal Cardiac Guidelines for the Routine Second-Trimester Heart Examination: A Feasibility Study.

Purpose:  This study aimed to explore the feasibility of implementation of the ISUOG 2013 guidelines on routine second-trimester examination of the fetal heart.

Materials And Methods:  This was a prospective study in 357 women with singleton pregnancy undergoing their routine second-trimester scan. The fetal heart was examined using B-mode in different planes according to the guidelines.

Safety and efficacy of intravenous iron administration for uterine bleeding or postpartum anaemia: a narrative review.

The management of iron deficiency anaemia (IDA) consists of oral or intravenous administration of iron supplements. The aim of this narrative review is to summarise information regarding the treatment of IDA in women who have postpartum anaemia or uterine bleeding with intravenous (IV) or oral iron supplements. Fourteen randomised control studies comparing IV to oral iron treatment for IDA in 2913 women with uterine bleeding or postpartum haemorrhage are included.

Divergence of estimated fetal weight and birth weight in singleton fetuses.

Objective: To evaluate differences in distribution of estimated fetal weight (EFW) and birth weight (BW) of ongoing fetuses and neonates of the same gestational age.

Methods: Reference curves for EFW (Hadlock BPD-HC-AC-FL formula, N = 1191) and BW (N = 1036) in singleton pregnancies from 24 to 40 gestational weeks were calculated. Multiple pregnancies, fetuses with major or multiple abnormalities or syndromes and iatrogenic preterm deliveries due to preeclampsia or abnormal fetal Doppler were excluded.

Prenatal diagnosis of X-linked myopathy associated with a gene mutation afforded through a novel targeted exome sequencing strategy applied in fetuses with abnormal ultrasound findings.

Fetal malformations detected through routine prenatal ultrasound examination comprise a heterogeneous group potentially associated with genetic disorders where the underlying cause is difficult to establish. We present the prenatal diagnosis of a rare X-linked myopathy involving a new VMA21 gene mutation, detected through a novel prenatal exome sequencing-based approach.

Is there a role for single-port laparoscopy in the treatment of endometriosis?

Endometriosis is among the most common benign gynecological conditions, and it affects 6-15% of women of reproductive. During recent decades, minimally invasive surgical techniques, and especially laparoscopy, have gained significant ground concerning the treatment of gynecological disorders. To date, laparoscopy is considered the gold standard for the diagnosis and treatment of endometriosis.

Screening performance of different methods defining fetal nasal bone hypoplasia as a single and combined marker for the detection of trisomy 21 in the second trimester.

Objective: To evaluate different methods of defining fetal nasal bone hypoplasia in the second trimester for the detection of trisomy 21.

Methods: Prospective study in Greek women undergoing anomaly scan between 18 + 0 and 23 + 6 weeks. The following methods of defining nasal bone hypoplasia were evaluated, either as a single marker or in combination with others: (1) BPD to nasal bone length (NBL) ratio; (2) multiples of the median (MoM) of NBL, according to normal curves from a Greek population; (3-4) NBL < 2.

Fetal growth impairment after first-trimester chorionic villus sampling: a case-control study.

Objective: The objective of this study is to test if chorionic villus sampling (CVS) is associated with fetal growth impairment, after controlling for maternal and fetal factors.

Study Design: Case-control study of singleton fetuses whose mothers had undergone CVS (N = 442) and 2969 controls. The primary outcomes were the prevalence of birthweight < 10th centile and birthweight <3rd centile; the prevalence of preeclampsia was the secondary outcome.

Fetal nasal bone length in the second trimester: comparison between population groups from different ethnic origins.

Objective: To compare normal ranges of ultrasonographically measured fetal nasal bone length in the second trimester between different ethnic groups.

Method: A prospective, non-interventional study in order to establish normal ranges of fetal nasal bone length in the second trimester in a Greek population was conducted in 1220 singleton fetuses between 18 completed weeks and 23 weeks and 6 days of gestation. A literature search followed in order to identify similar studies in different population groups.

Neurodevelopmental fetal assessment using KANET scoring system in low and high risk pregnancies.

Objective: To assess and compare fetal behavior and neurodevelopment (KANET) between low and high risk pregnancies.

Methods: Prospective, comparative, cohort study. One hundred and fifty-two consecutive pregnant women presenting for routine 2nd trimester and 3rd trimester scan had four dimensional ultrasound examinations (4D US) in order to assess fetal behavior and neurodevelopment.

Correlation of 2nd trimester amniotic fluid amino acid profile with gestational age and estimated fetal weight.

Objectives: Our aim was to identify and quantitate free amino acids in human amniotic fluid (AF) specimens collected during 2nd trimester amniocentesis and determine the correlation between amino acid concentrations, gestational age, and estimated fetal weight.

Methods: Seventy-eight AF samples were retrieved between 18 and 22 weeks of gestation. Fetal weight estimation was based on fetal biometric measurements.

Ectopia cordis in a fetus with mosaic trisomy 16.

Ectopia cordis and mosaic trisomy 16 are two rare fetal anomalies, which have not been reported in association. We report a case of an isolated ectopia cordis at 11(+3) weeks. Subsequent embryological examination confirmed thoracic ectopia cordis with normal heart structure and array comparative genomic hybridization of fetal tissue detected trisomy 16 mosaicism.

Sonographic changes after laparoscopic cystectomy compared with three-stage management in patients with ovarian endometriomas: a prospective randomized study.

Background: Laparoscopic surgery is the gold standard treatment for ovarian endometriomas. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of two different laparoscopic methods on sonographic indicators of ovarian reserve in the treated ovary.

Methods: In this prospective randomized clinical trial, 20 patients with endometriomas were randomly assigned to undergo either laparoscopic cystectomy (Group 1) or the 'three-stage procedure' (Group 2).

Embryo with XYY syndrome presenting with clubfoot: a case report.

Talipes equinovarus (clubfoot) is a skeletal anomaly of the embryo's legs, with a frequency of 1-3:1000 living born babies. It may occur as an independent anomaly, or as part of a syndrome with concomitant chromosomal abnormalities.XYY syndrome is a quite rare sex chromosomal abnormality with 47, XYY karyotype.

Failure of ultrasound to diagnose a giant ovarian cyst: a case report.

Ultrasonography is the method of choice in the diagnosis of ovarian cysts. In this case report, a cyst of enormous volume (>35 litres) was limiting the application of ultrasound techniques giving the false impression of ascites. A 55-year-old woman was finally diagnosed as having a giant ovarian mucosal-serosal cystadenoma of borderline potential after undergoing a total abdominal hysterectomy with salpingo-oophorectomy and excision of the cyst.

Women's expectations and intention to terminate pregnancy in case of abnormal findings at the second trimester level II ultrasound scan. A prospective, questionnaire-based, cross-sectional survey.

Objective: The aims of this study were: (1) to explore pregnant women's background knowledge and expectations of 2nd trimester ultrasound screening, and (2) to investigate women's intentions to proceed to pregnancy termination if fetal anomaly is detected at the 2nd trimester ultrasound screening.

Methods: A prospective, cross-sectional, questionnaire-based study. 300 consecutive pregnant women served as a convenience sample for this study.

Comparison between 20G and 22G needle for second trimester amniocentesis in terms of technical aspects and short-term complications.

Objective: To compare short-term complications of amniocentesis using 20G versus 22G needle.

Methods: A total of 200 women referred for mid-trimester amniocentesis were randomized to a 20G (Group I, n = 100) or 22G amniocentesis needle (Group II, n = 100). The primary outcome was intrauterine bleeding at needle insertion.

Aggressive angiomyxoma of the vulva extending into the pelvis: report of two cases.

Aggressive angiomyxoma is a rare soft-tissue neoplasm found mainly in the female pelvis. Approximately 130 cases have been reported in the literature to date. In most cases treatment consists of surgical resection, but local recurrence rates remain high (36-72%).