High-grade Serous Carcinoma Occurring in a Serous Cystadenoma on the Background of a Serous Tubal Intraepithelial Carcinoma (STIC)-like Lesion: A Case Report With Literature Review.

At present, the prevailing concept is that high-grade serous carcinoma (HGSC) arises from the fallopian tubes (FTs). We report an HGSC case occurring in a serous ovarian cyst against the background of a serous tubal intraepithelial carcinoma (STIC)-like lesion. We also provide a literature review that contains references to clinical cases of the occurrence of STIC-like lesions in the ovary and phylogenetic studies that do not always reveal obvious bonds between early dysplastic serous lesions and HGSC.

[Comparison of the efficiency of surgical excision methods for detecting extraprostatic extension and positive resection margin in prostate cancer].

On the samples of 26 prostatectomies, the method of excision of the prostate gland according to Kim was tested. This method increased the number of blocks by 30.2% and increased the detectability of extraprostatic extension by 41.

Functional Diversification of the Carotenoid-cis-trans-Isomerases CrtISO, CrtISO-L1, and CrtISO-L2 in Tomato Species (Solanum, Section Lycopersicon).

The expression of the genes of carotenoid-cis-trans-isomerases CrtISO, CrtISO-L1, and CrtISO-L2 was studied in comparison with the content of carotenoids in tomato species with different ripe fruit colors: green (Solanum habrochaites), yellow (S. cheesmaniae), and red (S. pimpinellifolium and S.

[Morphological precursors of high-grade serous ovarian cancer].

At the beginning of this century, there was a paradigm shift in understanding the histogenesis of high-grade serous carcinomas. The theory of the origin of these tumors from the ovarian surface epithelium was replaced by the concept of their origin from the secretory epithelium of the fallopian tubes. In recent years, researchers have put forward the hypothesis of the "escape" of the precursor of high-grade serous carcinomas.

Dependence of the content of starch and reducing sugars on the level of expression of the genes of β-amylases StBAM1 and StBAM9 and the amylase inhibitor StAI during long-term low-temperature storage of potato tubers.

Solanum tuberosum L. is the most important non-grain starch crop with a potential yield of 38-48 t/ha and a starch content of 13.2-18.

Characterization of 15--ζ-Carotene Isomerase Z-ISO in Cultivated and Wild Tomato Species Differing in Ripe Fruit Pigmentation.

Isomerization of 9,15,9'-tri--ζ-carotene mediated by 15--ζ-carotene isomerase Z-ISO is a critical step in the biosynthesis of carotenoids, which define fruit color. The tomato clade ( section Lycopersicon) comprises the cultivated tomato () and 12 related wild species differing in fruit color and, thus, represents a good model for studying carotenogenesis in fleshy fruit. In this study, we identified homologous genes, including 5'-UTRs and promoter regions, in 12 cultivars and 5 wild tomato species (red-fruited , yellow-fruited , and green-fruited , , and ).

Characterization of Isoforms and Their Expression in Tomato Fruit Ripening.

Ripening of tomato fleshy fruit is coordinated by transcription factor RIN, which triggers ethylene and carotenoid biosynthesis, sugar accumulation, and cell wall modifications. In this study, we identified and characterized complete sequences of the chromosomal locus in two tomato cultivars, its genotype, and three wild green-fruited species differing in fruit color and composition. The results reveal that .

Structural and functional features of phytoene synthase isoforms PSY1 and PSY2 in pepper Capsicum annuum L. cultivars.

The fruits of various pepper cultivars are characterized by a different color, which is determined by the pigment ratio; carotenoids dominate in ripe fruits, while chlorophylls, in immature fruits. A key regulator of carotenoid biosynthesis is the phytoene synthase encoded by the PSY gene. The Capsicum annuum genome contains two isoforms of this enzyme, localized in leaf (PSY2) and fruit (PSY1) plastids.

Variability and Phylogeny of the Pepper Phytoene Synthase Paralogs PSY1 and PSY2 in Species of Various Capsicum Complexes.

Genes homologous to PSY1 and PSY2 that encode phytoene synthase isoforms in Capsicum species C. baccatum, C. chinense, C.

Stimulation of Structural and Functional Recovery of the Kidney in Rats with Postischemic Acute Renal Failure of Different Severity by Embryonic Protein-Peptide Complex Therapy.

In male rats, acute renal failure was simulated by clamping the vascular pedicle of the left kidney for 60 or 90 min and right-sided nephrectomy. In the control series, no therapy was performed. In the experimental series, the animals were daily injected subcutaneously with Cellex, a protein-peptide complex (PPC) chromatographically isolated from the brain tissue of pig embryos with a molecular weight of its components from 10 to 250 kDa.

Differential Regulation of Phytoene Synthase PSY1 During Fruit Carotenogenesis in Cultivated and Wild Tomato Species ( section Lycopersicon).

In plants, carotenoids define fruit pigmentation and are involved in the processes of photo-oxidative stress defense and phytohormone production; a key enzyme responsible for carotene synthesis in fruit is phytoene synthase 1 (PSY1). Tomatoes ( section Lycopersicon) comprise cultivated () as well as wild species with different fruit color and are a good model to study carotenogenesis in fleshy fruit. In this study, we identified homologous genes in five section Lycopersicon species, including domesticated red-fruited and wild yellow-fruited and green-fruited , and .

Differentially Expressed Genes Associated With Prognosis in Locally Advanced Lymph Node-Negative Prostate Cancer.

Older age is one of the main risk factors for cancer development. The incidence of prostate cancer, as a multifactorial disease, also depends upon demographic factors, race, and genetic predisposition. Prostate cancer most frequently occurs in men over 60 years of age, indicating a clear association between older age and disease onset.

[The incidence of AZF deletions, CFTR mutations and long alleles of the ar CAG repeats during the primary laboratory diagnostics in a heterogeneous group of infertily men].

Aim: microdeletions in the AZF region of Y-chromosome, compound heterozygotes of severe and mild CFTR mutations, and long CAG-repeats in the androgen receptor gene (AR) as marker of predisposition are frequently studied as genetic causes of male infertility. A simultaneously testing of the panel including biochemical, immunological, cyto- and molecular genetic markers is often performed during the complex laboratory diagnostics in infertile men. The aim of our work was to identify molecular genetic alterations, which are advisable for simultaneously testing in a man with currently uncertain form of infertility, to increase the informativeness of laboratory diagnostics.

The International Society of Urological Pathology Education web-a web-based system for training and testing of pathologists.

Pathology training resources remain scarce in many parts of the world. With rapid economic development comes the need to educate new pathologists to meet the medical care demands. Our aim was to set up a cost-effective system for training and testing the diagnostic skills of pathologists.

Stimulation of Spermatogenesis and Synthesis of Testosterone by Allotransplantation of Neonatal Testicular Tissue under Tunica Albuginea of Cryptorchid Testis.

The abdominal type of cryptorchism was modeled on random-bred albino rats by replacing both testes from the scrotum into the abdominal cavity for 3 weeks; thereupon they were manipulated into the scrotum. In control rats, no additional surgery was performed. In experimental rats, the testicular tissue obtained from 1-2-day rat pups was transplanted under testicular tunica albuginea.

[The development and approbation of methodology on the basis of multiplex polymerase chain reaction in real-time to determine clinically significant micro-deletion in Y-chromosome.].

One of the prevalent genetic causes of idiopathic male sterility is related to micro-deletions in AZF locus located in Y-chromosome. In total population, rate of such micro-deletions makes up to 1:4000. however, in infertile males their rate varies from 2% to 10%.

Ectopic Organogenesis after Allotransplantation of Freshly Removed or Cryopreserved Neonatal Testicle under the Renal Capsule in Rats.

In experiments on white outbred male rats, a freshly removed (20 experiments) or cryopreserved (10 experiments) testicle from newborn rats (1-2 days after birth) was transplanted under the renal capsule after bilateral orchiectomy. In all experiments with transplantation of freshly removed testicle, it was engrafted. In 3 months, histological examination revealed the formation of mature seminiferous tubules, but spermatogenesis was blocked at the stage of spermatogonia; groups of proliferating Leydig cells in the loose connective tissue between the tubules were also seen.

Somatic Mutation Analyses in Studies of the Clonal Evolution and Diagnostic Targets of Prostate Cancer.

Prostate cancer (PC) is the most common uro-oncological disease in the global population and still requires a more efficient laboratory diagnosis. Point mutations of oncogenes and tumor sup-pressor genes are the most frequent molecular genetic events in carcinogenesis. The mutations are re-sponsible, to a great extent, for the clonal evolution of cancer and can be considered as primary candi-date molecular markers of PC.

Detection of Rare Mutations by Routine Analysis of KRAS, NRAS, and BRAF Oncogenes.

Molecular genetic analysis of KRAS, NRAS, and BRAF genes was carried out in order to develop an optimal algorithm for detection of minor mutations. We analyzed 35 melanoma and 33 colorectal cancer specimens. Frequent G12D/V/A/C/S mutations were detected in KRAS.

[A new WHO classification of prostate tumors].

The paper reviews the 2016 WHO classification of prostate tumors, notes the alterations made, and describes approaches to the diagnosis of cancer types and grades. It also gives original photomicrographs from the authors' collection. The main alterations were as follows: - The types of prostate adenocarcinoma were added by pleomorphic giant-cell carcinoma; oncocytic (8290/3) and lymphoepithelial (8082/3) carcinomas were excluded.

[Hormone Resistance and Neuroendocrine Differentiation Due to Accumulation of Genetic Lesions during Clonal Evolution of Prostate Cancer].

Progression of malignant tumors is largely due to clonal evolution of the primary tumor, clones acquiring different sets of molecular genetic lesions. Lesions can confer a selective advantage in proliferation rate or metastasis on the tumor cell population, especially if developing resistance to anticancer therapy. Prostate cancer (PCa) provides an illustrative example of clinically significant clonal evolution.

[PCA3 AND TMPRSS2:ERG GENES EXPRESSION IN BIOPSIES OF BENIGN PROSTATE HYPERPLASIA, INTRAEPITHELIAL NEOPLASIA, AND PROSTATE CANCER].

Morphological analysis of the biopsies for prostate cancer (PCa) often is a difficult task due to heterogeneity and multifocality of tumors. At the same time, a lot of data exist about the potential molecular genetic markers of PCa. The aim of our study is to determine of PCA3 and TMPRSS2:ERG genes expression in benign hyperplasia (BPH), low and high grade intraepithelial neoplasia (PIN), PCa for revealing of diagnostic value of those genes expression in benign and precancerous changes in prostate.

Ischemia in pelvic organs as an independent pathogenic factor in the development of benign prostatic hyperplasia and urinary bladder dysfunction.

Blood supply to the pelvic organs of outbred male rats was diminished by graduated constriction of the distal part of the inferior vena cava. Deficiency of intramural blood supply in prostate and urinary bladder was revealed by bioimpedance harmonic analysis according to the magnitude of first cardiac peak in the bioimpedance spectrogram. In 1-1.

[Markers for non-invasive molecular genetic diagnosis of oncourological diseases].

Currently, there is accumulated mass of data on the molecular-genetic disorders in prostate cancer (PCa), bladder cancer (BC) and renal cancer (RC). Tumor cells in these diseases are present in the urine sediment; their number is sufficient for molecular genetic analysis that makes possible the development of noninvasive diagnosis of oncourological diseases. A characteristic feature of PCa includes the overexpression of the PCA3 gene; assay kit Progensaâ„¢ to quantify such overexpression has been developed; approximately 50% of tumors express a TMPRSS2-ERG chimeric oncogene.

Proteomic analysis of infiltrating ductal carcinoma tissues by coupled 2-D DIGE/MS/MS analysis.

There is a growing interest in protein expression profiling aiming to identify novel diagnostic markers in breast cancer. Proteomic approaches such as two-dimensional differential gel electrophoresis coupled with tandem mass spectrometry analysis (2-D DIGE/MS/MS) have been used successfully for the identification of candidate biomarkers for screening, diagnosis, prognosis and monitoring of treatment response in various types of cancer. Identifying previously unknown proteins of potential clinical relevance will ultimately help in reaching effective ways to manage the disease.