Initial management of newly diagnosed WHO grade 2-3 adult meningioma following surgery: results from the Dutch Brain Tumour Registry (2016-2021).

Purpose: Meningiomas classified as grade 2-3 according to the World Health Organisation (WHO) require combined surgery and in most cases radiotherapy (RT). Their initial management was evaluated using the Dutch Brain Tumour Registry.

Methods: The study included 393 patients aged ≥ 18 years with newly diagnosed meningioma WHO grade 2-3 between 2016 and 2021.

Investigating the Radiobiological Response to Peptide Receptor Radionuclide Therapy Using Patient-Derived Meningioma Spheroids.

Peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT) using Lu-DOTA-TATE has recently been evaluated for the treatment of meningioma patients. However, current knowledge of the underlying radiation biology is limited, in part due to the lack of appropriate in vitro models. Here, we demonstrate proof-of-concept of a meningioma patient-derived 3D culture model to assess the short-term response to radiation therapies such as PRRT and external beam radiotherapy (EBRT).

Towards clinical implementation of an AI-algorithm for detection of cervical spine fractures on computed tomography.

Background: Artificial intelligence (AI) applications can facilitate detection of cervical spine fractures on CT and reduce time to diagnosis by prioritizing suspected cases.

Purpose: To assess the effect on time to diagnose cervical spine fractures on CT and diagnostic accuracy of a commercially available AI application.

Materials And Methods: In this study (June 2020 - March 2022) with historic controls and prospective evaluation, we evaluated regulatory-cleared AI-software to prioritize cervical spine fractures on CT.

MRI-Based Assessment of Brain Tumor Hypoxia: Correlation with Histology.

Cerebral hypoxia significantly impacts the progression of brain tumors and their resistance to radiotherapy. This study employed streamlined quantitative blood-oxygen-level-dependent (sqBOLD) MRI to assess the oxygen extraction fraction (OEF)-a measure of how much oxygen is being extracted from vessels, with higher OEF values indicating hypoxia. Simultaneously, we utilized vessel size imaging (VSI) to evaluate microvascular dimensions and blood volume.

Preoperative assessment of eloquence in neurosurgery: a systematic review.

Background And Objectives: Tumor location and eloquence are two crucial preoperative factors when deciding on the optimal treatment choice in glioma management. Consensus is currently lacking regarding the preoperative assessment and definition of eloquent areas. This systematic review aims to evaluate the existing definitions and assessment methods of eloquent areas that are used in current clinical practice.

Local delivery of hrBMP4 as an anticancer therapy in patients with recurrent glioblastoma: a first-in-human phase 1 dose escalation trial.

Background: This Phase 1 study evaluates the intra- and peritumoral administration by convection enhanced delivery (CED) of human recombinant Bone Morphogenetic Protein 4 (hrBMP4) - an inhibitory regulator of cancer stem cells (CSCs) - in recurrent glioblastoma.

Methods: In a 3 + 3 dose escalation design, over four to six days, fifteen recurrent glioblastoma patients received, by CED, one of five doses of hrBMP4 ranging from 0·5 to 18 mg. Patients were followed by periodic physical, neurological, blood testing, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and quality of life evaluations.

The prevalence and severity of fatigue in meningioma patients and its association with patient-, tumor- and treatment-related factors.

Background: Fatigue is a commonly reported and severe symptom in primary brain tumor patients, but the exact occurrence in meningioma patients is unknown. This study aimed to determine the frequency and severity of fatigue in meningioma patients as well as associations between the level of fatigue and patient-, tumor-, and treatment-related factors.

Methods: In this multicenter cross-sectional study, meningioma patients completed questionnaires on fatigue (MFI-20), sleep (PSQI), anxiety and depression (HADS), tumor-related symptoms (MDASI-BT), and cognitive functioning (MOS-CFS).

Efficacy and safety of peptide receptor radionuclide therapy with [Lu]Lu-DOTA-TATE in 15 patients with progressive treatment-refractory meningioma.

Purpose: There is no evidence-based systemic therapy for patients with progressive meningiomas for whom surgery or external radiotherapy is no longer an option. In this study, the efficacy and safety of peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT) in patients with progressive, treatment-refractory meningiomas were evaluated.

Methods: Retrospective analysis of all meningioma patients treated with [Lu]Lu-DOTA-TATE from 2000 to 2020 in our centre.

Impact of maximal extent of resection on postoperative deficits, patient functioning, and survival within clinically important glioblastoma subgroups.

Background: The impact of extent of resection (EOR), residual tumor volume (RTV), and gross-total resection (GTR) in glioblastoma subgroups is currently unknown. This study aimed to analyze their impact on patient subgroups in relation to neurological and functional outcomes.

Methods: Patients with tumor resection for eloquent glioblastoma between 2010 and 2020 at 4 tertiary centers were recruited from a cohort of 3919 patients.

Effect of awake craniotomy in glioblastoma in eloquent areas (GLIOMAP): a propensity score-matched analysis of an international, multicentre, cohort study.

Background: Awake mapping has been associated with decreased neurological deficits and increased extent of resection in eloquent glioma resections. However, its effect within clinically relevant glioblastoma subgroups remains poorly understood. We aimed to assess the benefit of this technique in subgroups of patients with glioblastomas based on age, preoperative neurological morbidity, and Karnofsky Performance Score (KPS).

Intraoperative B-Mode Ultrasound Guided Surgery and the Extent of Glioblastoma Resection: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Intraoperative MRI and 5-aminolaevulinic acid guided surgery are useful to maximize the extent of glioblastoma resection. Intraoperative ultrasound is used as a time-and cost-effective alternative, but its value has never been assessed in a trial. The goal of this randomized controlled trial was to assess the value of intraoperative B-mode ultrasound guided surgery on the extent of glioblastoma resection.

Fighting Oxidative Stress with Sulfur: Hydrogen Sulfide in the Renal and Cardiovascular Systems.

Hydrogen sulfide (HS) is an essential gaseous signaling molecule. Research on its role in physiological and pathophysiological processes has greatly expanded. Endogenous enzymatic production through the transsulfuration and cysteine catabolism pathways can occur in the kidneys and blood vessels.

COVID-19: immunopathology, pathophysiological mechanisms, and treatment options.

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), continues to spread globally despite the worldwide implementation of preventive measures to combat the disease. Although most COVID-19 cases are characterised by a mild, self-limiting disease course, a considerable subset of patients develop a more severe condition, varying from pneumonia and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) to multi-organ failure (MOF). Progression of COVID-19 is thought to occur as a result of a complex interplay between multiple pathophysiological mechanisms, all of which may orchestrate SARS-CoV-2 infection and contribute to organ-specific tissue damage.

A Large Skull Defect Due to Gorham-Stout Disease: Case Report and Literature Review on Pathogenesis, Diagnosis, and Treatment.

A 24-year old man was referred to the Erasmus MC Bone Center because of an asymptomatic increasing skull defect of the left parietal bone. The defect was first noticed at the age of six, and gradually increased over the years. His medical history was unremarkable, without any known trauma and a negative family history for bone diseases.

A Case of Spontaneous Third Ventriculocisternostomy to the Interpeduncular Fossa.

Background: Triventricular hydrocephalus is caused by an obstruction of cerebrospinal fluid flow causing increased intracranial pressure (ICP). Common treatment options include ventricular shunting or endoscopic third ventriculocisternostomy. Spontaneous third ventriculocisternostomy is a rare phenomenon in patients with obstructive triventricular hydrocephalus.

Fatal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage from an Aneurysm of a Persistent Primitive Hypoglossal Artery: Case Series and Literature Overview.

Background: Persistent carotid-basilar connections have a prevalence of 0.14%. Recognizing such persistent fetal anastomoses between the carotid and the vertebrobasilar circulation is of great importance because they are reportedly associated with an increased prevalence of intracranial aneurysms.

Two-Stage Cranioplasty: Tissue Expansion Directly over the Craniectomy Defect Prior to Cranioplasty.

Performing a skull reconstruction for a long-term existing large cranium defect usually needs either skin enhancement or skin flaps and cranioplasty. This procedure can be accompanied with aesthetic and functional complications. The presented case describes a 27-year-old man in need of a cranial reconstruction following decompressive craniectomy as treatment for severe traumatic brain injury.

The role of hydrogen sulfide in aging and age-related pathologies.

When humans grow older, they experience inevitable and progressive loss of physiological function, ultimately leading to death. Research on aging largely focuses on the identification of mechanisms involved in the aging process. Several proposed aging theories were recently combined as the 'hallmarks of aging'.

Out-of-Body Experience During Awake Craniotomy.

Background: The out-of-body experience (OBE), during which a person feels as if he or she is spatially removed from the physical body, is a mystical phenomenon because of its association with near-death experiences. Literature implicates the cortex at the temporoparietal junction (TPJ) as the possible anatomic substrate for OBE.

Case Description: We present a patient who had an out-of-body experience during an awake craniotomy for resection of low-grade glioma.

Overexpression of Cystathionine γ-Lyase Suppresses Detrimental Effects of Spinocerebellar Ataxia Type 3.

Spinocerebellar ataxia type 3 (SCA3) is a polyglutamine (polyQ) disorder caused by a CAG repeat expansion in the ataxin-3 () gene resulting in toxic protein aggregation. Inflammation and oxidative stress are considered secondary factors contributing to the progression of this neurodegenerative disease. There is no cure that halts or reverses the progressive neurodegeneration of SCA3.

Sodium thiosulfate attenuates angiotensin II-induced hypertension, proteinuria and renal damage.

Hypertension and proteinuria are important mediators of renal damage. Despite therapeutic interventions, the number of patients with end stage renal disease steadily increases. Hydrogen sulfide (H(2)S) is an endogenously produced gasotransmitter with vasodilatory, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties.

Hydrogen sulfide: physiological properties and therapeutic potential in ischaemia.

Hydrogen sulfide (H2 S) has become a molecule of high interest in recent years, and it is now recognized as the third gasotransmitter in addition to nitric oxide and carbon monoxide. In this review, we discuss the recent literature on the physiology of endogenous and exogenous H2 S, focusing upon the protective effects of hydrogen sulfide in models of hypoxia and ischaemia.