Menopausal hormone therapy is associated with worse levels of Alzheimer's disease biomarkers in APOE ε4-carrying women: An observational study.

Introduction: Menopausal hormone therapy (MHT), along with the apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε4 allele, has been suggested as a possible risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, the relationship between MHT and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers is unknown: we investigated this association, and whether APOE ε4 carrier status moderates it.

Methods: In an observational study of 136 cognitively unimpaired female participants (M = 66.

Multimorbidity and Depression Increase Prevalence of Frailty of Community-dwelling Indonesian Older Adults: Indonesia Care Networks Study.

Background: Older adults with frailty have an increased risk of multiple negative health outcomes, such as disability, falls, and morbidity when exposed to physical stressors. The present study investigated the prevalence of frailty and associated risk factors among community-dwelling Indonesian older adults in several districts in Jakarta, Indonesia.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was done in several urban villages in Jakarta, Indonesia.

Alzheimer's Disease and (Phyto) Estrogen Treatment: Modification of Effects by Age, Type of Treatment, and Duration of Use.

Background: There is a continued debate on whether menopausal hormone therapy (MHT) protects women against Alzheimer's disease (AD). It is also unclear whether phytoestrogen could be an alternative treatment for AD.

Objective: To investigate whether mixed study findings may be due to differences in age at initiation of MHT and duration of prescription of different types of MHT using meta-analyses.

Differences in menopausal quality of life, body appreciation, and body dissatisfaction between women at high and low risk of an eating disorder.

Objective: Experiences of menopause and quality of life during menopause can vary extensively among women. While menopause has been associated with negative impacts on eating and body image, it is unclear to what extent quality of life differs by eating disorder risk status. The aim of this study was to explore how menopause symptoms and quality of life differ between those women at high- or low-risk of an eating disorder and the potential protective role of body appreciation.

The 2022 symposium on dementia and brain aging in low- and middle-income countries: Highlights on research, diagnosis, care, and impact.

Two of every three persons living with dementia reside in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). The projected increase in global dementia rates is expected to affect LMICs disproportionately. However, the majority of global dementia care costs occur in high-income countries (HICs), with dementia research predominantly focusing on HICs.

Stress, depression, and anxiety: psychological complaints across menopausal stages.

Introduction: With the number of menopausal women projected estimated to reach 1.2 billion by 2030 worldwide, it is critically important to understand how menopause may affect women's emotional well-being and how many women are affected by this. This study aimed to explore (i) the relationship between psychological complaints (depression, anxiety, poor memory) across different menopausal stages and (ii) investigate the correlation between resilience, self-efficacy, and perceived stress levels, with psychological complaints and whether this was associated with menopausal stage and/or age.

Visual processing speed and its association with future dementia development in a population-based prospective cohort: EPIC-Norfolk.

Visual processing deficits have frequently been reported when studied in individuals with dementia, which suggests their potential utility in supporting dementia screening. The study uses EPIC-Norfolk Prospective Population Cohort Study data (n = 8623) to investigate the role of visual processing speed assessed by the Visual Sensitivity Test (VST) in identifying the risk of future dementia using Cox regression analyses. Individuals with lower scores on the simple and complex VST had a higher probability of a future dementia diagnosis HR1.

The Effectiveness of Home-Based Exergames Training on Cognition and Balance in Older Adults: A Comparative Quasi-Randomized Study of Two Exergame Interventions.

Background And Objectives: The effectiveness of exergames on fall risk and related physical and cognitive function in older adults is still unclear, with conflicting findings. The discrepancy in these results could be due to the different components and task-specific demands of individual exergame interventions. This open-label quasi-randomized study aimed to compare the efficacy of 2 different home-based dual-task exergame treatments on cognition, mobility, and balance in older people.

Association of Subclinical Thyroid Dysfunction with Cognitive Impairment in Rats: The Role of Autophagy.

Background: We investigated the effect of subclinical hyperthyroidism and subclinical hypothyroidism on cognitive function in rats and the role of autophagy in this process.

Methods: Forty Wistar rats were randomized into normal control (NC), hyperthyroidism (Hyper), hypothyroidism (Hypo), subclinical hyperthyroidism (sHyper), and subclinical hypothyroidism (sHypo) groups. Cognitive function (spatial learning and memory) was tested by the Morris water maze test.

Collagen peptide supplementation before bedtime reduces sleep fragmentation and improves cognitive function in physically active males with sleep complaints.

Purpose: The primary aim of this study was to examine whether a glycine-rich collagen peptides (CP) supplement could enhance sleep quality in physically active men with self-reported sleep complaints.

Methods: In a randomized, crossover design, 13 athletic males (age: 24 ± 4 years; training volume; 7 ± 3 h·wk) with sleep complaints (Athens Insomnia Scale, 9 ± 2) consumed CP (15 g·day) or a placebo control (CON) 1 h before bedtime for 7 nights. Sleep quality was measured with subjective sleep diaries and actigraphy for 7 nights; polysomnographic sleep and core temperature were recorded on night 7.

A qualitative study assessing the barriers and facilitators to physical activity in adults with hearing loss.

Objectives: Growing epidemiological evidence has shown hearing loss is associated with physical inactivity. Currently, there is a dearth in evidence investigating why this occurs. This study aimed to investigate the barriers and facilitators to physical activity in middle-aged and older adults with hearing loss.

Heading Frequency and Risk of Cognitive Impairment in Retired Male Professional Soccer Players.

Importance: Although professional soccer players appear to be at higher risk of neurodegenerative disease, the reason remains unknown.

Objective: To examine whether heading frequency is associated with risk of cognitive impairment in retired professional soccer players.

Design, Setting, And Participants: A UK nationwide cross-sectional study was conducted between August 15, 2020, and December 31, 2021, in 459 retired male professional soccer players older than 45 years and registered with the Professional Footballers' Association or a League Club Players' Association.

How are hearing loss and physical activity related? Analysis from the English longitudinal study of ageing.

Although cross-sectional studies suggest that hearing loss in middle- and older-aged adults is associated with lower physical activity, longitudinal evidence is limited. This study aimed to investigate the potential bi-directional association between hearing loss and physical activity over time. Participants were from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (N = 11,292) who were 50-years or older at baseline assessment (1998-2000).

Cognitive Impairment and Self-Reported Dementia in UK Retired Professional Soccer Players: A Cross Sectional Comparative Study.

Background: Previous studies based on death certificates have found professional soccer players were more likely to die with neurodegenerative diseases, including dementia. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate whether retired professional male soccer players would perform worse on cognitive tests and be more likely to self-report dementia diagnosis than general population control men.

Methods: A cross-sectional comparative study was conducted between August 2020 and October 2021 in the United Kingdom (UK).

Depression among Older Adults in Indonesia: Prevalence, Role of Chronic Conditions and Other Associated Factors.

Background: Depression is one of the most common illnesses worldwide, with a prevalence of 5.7% among older adults aged over 60. Depression is a severe health condition that can significantly affect the quality of life.

Hearing difficulties and memory problems: the mediating role of physical health and psychosocial wellbeing.

Objective: To investigate whether the association between hearing difficulties and self-reported memory problems is mediated by physical health and psychosocial wellbeing.

Design: A cross-sectional study. Path analyses were used to test potential theoretical models (psychosocial-cascade, common cause) of the association between hearing difficulties and memory problems, adjusting for age.

Memory impairment and its associated risk and protective factors among older adults in Indonesia.

Aims: This study aimed to evaluate the association between memory impairment and its risk and protective factors, focusing on demographic and health-related variables among older adults in Indonesia.

Method: The data analyzed were the Indonesian Family Life Survey-5 (IFLS-5) using cross-sectional variables of 4236 older adults aged 60 years and over included in the 2015 round. Memory impairment was assessed by immediate word list recall from the Telephone Interview for Cognitive Status (TICS).

Irisin: An anti-inflammatory exerkine in aging and redox-mediated comorbidities.

Human beings lead largely sedentary lives. From an evolutionary perspective, such lifestyle is not beneficial to health. Exercise can promote many enabling pathways, particularly through circulating exerkines, to optimize individual health and quality of life.

Sex Differences in Dementia.

BackgroundWomen in many cohorts have a higher risk for Alzheimer's disease (AD), the most common form of dementia. Sex is a biological construct whereby differences in disease manifestation and prevalence are rooted in genetic differences between XX and XY combinations of chromosomes. This chapter focuses specifically on sex-driven differences in dementia, as opposed to differences driven by gender - a social construct referring to the societal norms that influence people's roles, relationships, and positional power throughout their lifetime.

Probiotic supplementation improved cognitive function in cognitively impaired and healthy older adults: a systematic review of recent trials.

Introduction: Recent evidence suggests that there is clear association between microbiota and cognitive functioning, which is known as microbiome-gut-brain axis. Probiotic bacteria consumption can alter human microbiota; therefore, probiotic supplementation might affect the gut microbiota dynamics and influence cognitive function.

Methods: Three electronic databases including PubMed, ProQuest, and EBSCOHost databases were utilized.

Foot and ankle Osteoarthritis and Cognitive impairment in retired UK Soccer players (FOCUS): protocol for a cross-sectional comparative study with general population controls.

Introduction: Professional footballers commonly experience sports-related injury and repetitive microtrauma to the foot and ankle, placing them at risk of subsequent chronic pain and osteoarthritis (OA) of the foot and ankle. Similarly, repeated heading of the ball, head/neck injuries and concussion have been implicated in later development of neurodegenerative diseases such as dementia. A recent retrospective study found that death from neurodegenerative diseases was higher among former professional soccer players compared with age matched controls.

Test Your Health at Home: Comparing Online Screening Tests of Hearing, Cognition, and Cardiovascular Health.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the extent to which validated online screening measures of cognitive impairment, psychosocial well-being, and cardiovascular health are associated with a validated hearing screener in a sample of adults based in the United Kingdom.

Method: Sixty-one adults (43 female; = 44.7 years) participated in a cross-sectional study delivered remotely.

The impact of presentation modality on cognitive test performance for adults with hearing loss.

Background: There is a growing body of evidence demonstrating hearing loss in middle-aged and older adults is independently associated with an increased risk of developing cognitive-decline and dementia. Verbal memory is one of the most common functions to decline early in Alzheimer's disease, the most common form of dementia Whilst the exact mechanisms underlying this association remain unclear, poorer test performance may reflect an overarching sensory deficit, as, for instance, most verbal memory tests are predominantly delivered auditorily. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate whether different modes of presentation (i.