Event centrality in social anxiety disorder and major depressive disorder.

Event centrality is defined by the extent to which a memory of an event has become central to an individual's identity and life story. Previous research predominantly focused on the link between event centrality and trauma-related symptomatology. Nevertheless, it can be argued that the perception of (adverse) events as central to one's self is not exclusive to Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD).

The risk of antidepressant-induced hyponatremia: A meta-analysis of antidepressant classes and compounds.

Background: Hyponatremia (hypoNa) is a potentially serious adverse event of antidepressant treatment. Previous research suggests the risk of drug-induced hyponatremia differs between antidepressants. This meta-analysis sought to determine the risk of antidepressant-induced hypoNa, stratified by different compounds and classes.

[Does ECT raise the risk of a recurrent stroke?].

Background: As the guidelines and evidence for the use of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) in patients with a recent or past history of stroke are unclear, ECT tends to be avoided in this population.

Aim: To give a systematic review the literature on the risk and incidence of cerebrovascular accidents after ECT in these patients.

Method: A systematic literature search was performed according to the PRISMA guidelines in PubMed and in the Cochrane Library.

Differential effect of panic on the DNA methylation of the glucocorticoid receptor gene exon 1F in chronic subjective tinnitus with distress.

Objective: Tinnitus can be regarded as a chronic stressor, leading to dysregulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. There is important comorbidity with anxiety, particularly panic, potentially associated with differences in HPA axis functioning and methylation patterns of HPA axis-related genes. This study examines DNA methylation of the glucocorticoid receptor gene ( NR3C1 ) exon 1F in adults with chronic subjective tinnitus and the possible differential effect of panic.

Neurocognitive correlates of probable posttraumatic stress disorder following traumatic brain injury.

Introduction: Neurocognitive problems associated with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) can interact with impairment resulting from traumatic brain injury (TBI).

Research Question: We aimed to identify neurocognitive problems associated with probable PTSD following TBI in a civilian sample.

Material And Methods: The study is part of the CENTER-TBI project (Collaborative European Neurotrauma Effectiveness Research) that aims to better characterize TBI.

SHIFTPLAN: a randomized controlled trial investigating the effects of a multimodal shift-work intervention on drivers' fatigue, sleep, health, and performance parameters.

Background: Shift work is commonly associated with health problems resulting from circadian misalignment and sleep restriction. About one in three shift workers is affected by insomnia and up to 90% report regular fatigue and/or sleepiness at the workplace. Epidemiological data shows that shift workers are at increased risk of cardiovascular disease, diabetes, obesity, breast cancer, mental-health problems, and shift-work disorder, which conditions typically lead to reduced work performance, processing errors, accidents at work, absenteeism, and reduced quality of life.

The Impact of Neurocognitive Functioning on the Course of Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms following Civilian Traumatic Brain Injury.

Background: One out of seven individuals who have suffered a traumatic brain injury (TBI) develops a posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), which is often associated with neurocognitive impairment. The present study explores the impact of neurocognitive functioning after mild, moderate, and severe TBI on the course of PTSD symptoms.

Methods: The data of 671 adults admitted to hospital for a TBI was drawn from the Collaborative European Neurotrauma Effectiveness Research (CENTER-TBI) study.

Emotional processing in panic disorder and its subtypes: An fMRI study using emotional faces.

Background: Inconsistent findings regarding the pathophysiology of panic disorder (PD) could result from clinical heterogeneity. Identifying subtypes could enhance insights into the neurobiological substrates of PD.

Methods: An emotional faces fMRI paradigm was used in a group of PD patients (n = 73) and healthy controls (n = 58).

The associations between childhood trauma and work functioning in adult workers with and without depressive and anxiety disorders.

Background: To examine the association between childhood trauma and work functioning, and to elucidate to what extent this association can be accounted for by depression and/or anxiety.

Methods: Data of 1,649 working participants were derived from the Netherlands Study of Depression and Anxiety (NESDA, n = 2,981). Childhood trauma (emotional neglect, psychological, physical, and sexual abuse before age 16) was assessed with a structured interview and work functioning, in terms of absenteeism and presenteeism, with the Health and Labor Questionnaire Short Form (SF-HLQ) and the World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule II (WHODAS-II), respectively.

The Relationship Between Childhood Trauma and the Response to Group Cognitive-Behavioural Therapy for Chronic Fatigue Syndrome.

Objective: To examine the relationship between childhood trauma and the response to group cognitive-behavioural therapy (GCBT) for chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS).

Methods: A single cohort study conducted in an outpatient university referral center for CFS including a well-documented sample of adult patients meeting the CDC criteria for CFS and having received 9 to 12 months of GCBT. A mixed effect model was adopted to examine the impact of childhood trauma on the treatment response in general and over time.

Neuroendocrine and Inflammatory Effects of Childhood Trauma Following Psychosocial and Inflammatory Stress in Women with Remitted Major Depressive Disorder.

The dysregulation of the inflammatory and neuroendocrine systems seen in major depressive disorder (MDD) may persist after remission and this is associated with a higher risk of relapse. This vulnerable subgroup may be characterized by a history of childhood trauma. In a single-blind randomized placebo-controlled crossover study, 21 women with remitted recurrent MDD and 18 healthy controls were exposed to psychosocial stress (Trier social stress test) or inflammatory stress (typhoid vaccine), or both, to investigate the effects of childhood trauma on the neuroendocrine and inflammatory responses.

Diagnosing solvent-induced chronic toxic encephalopathy: the effect of underperformance in neuropsychological testing.

The diagnoses of solvent-induced chronic toxic encephalopathy (CSE) can be supported by neuropsychological tests. However, since results not only reflect cognitive functioning but also the patient's effort to perform well, this study examines to what extent underperformance impacts neuropsychological outcomes in individuals referred for suspected CSE. : A retrospective study of 48 suspected CSE patients having completed ten neuropsychological tests assessing different domains of cognition.

Postoperative continuation of antidepressant therapy is associated with reduced short-term weight loss following Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery.

Purpose: Bariatric surgery candidates are frequently treated with antidepressants. Several of these drugs have been associated with weight gain and could potentially interfere with weight loss after bariatric surgery. This cohort study aimed to investigate the short-term effects of antidepressants on weight loss during the first 24 months after a Roux-en-Y gastric bypass.

Efficacy and Tolerability of Atypical Antipsychotics in the Treatment of Delirium: A Systematic Review of the Literature.

Background: Although haloperidol is the most widely used drug in the treatment of delirium, evidence on the relevance of atypical antipsychotics (AAPs) is growing.

Objective: To review the literature on the efficacy and tolerability of AAPs in the treatment of delirium.

Methods: A systematic search of the literature published before April 2018 was performed on PubMed using the following search strings: "Delirium" and "Atypical antipsychotics", "Novel antipsychotics", "New antipsychotics", "Quetiapine", "Olanzapine", "Aripiprazole", "Risperidone", "Paliperidone", "Clozapine", "Asenapine", "Iloperidone", "Amisulpiride", "Ziprasidone", "Zotepine", "Sertindole", "Lurasidone" or "Perospirone".

Structural and Functional Brain Abnormalities Associated With Exposure to Different Childhood Trauma Subtypes: A Systematic Review of Neuroimaging Findings.

Childhood trauma subtypes sexual abuse, physical abuse, emotional maltreatment, and neglect may have differential effects on the brain that persist into adulthood. A systematic review of neuroimaging findings supporting these differential effects is as yet lacking. The present systematic review aims to summarize the findings of controlled neuroimaging trials regarding long-term differential effects of trauma subtypes on the human brain.

Differential electrophysiological correlates of panic disorder in non-pulsatile tinnitus.

Aims: The prevalence of panic disorder (PD) reportedly is up to fivefold higher in people with tinnitus than it is in the general population. The brain networks in the two conditions overlap but the pathophysiological link remains unclear. In this study the electrophysiological brain activity is investigated in adults with non-pulsatile tinnitus with and without concurrent PD.

Severe interpersonal violence against children in sport: Associated mental health problems and quality of life in adulthood.

In a recent large-scale prevalence study of interpersonal violence (IV) against child athletes in the Netherlands and Belgium we found that 9% of adult respondents who participated in organized sports before the age of 18 had experienced severe psychological violence, 8% severe physical violence, and 6% severe sexual violence in various sport settings. While the general literature has repeatedly shown that exposure to IV during childhood is associated with mental health problems in adulthood and to a lesser extent with reduced quality of life (QOL), these relationships have not been demonstrated in (former) athletes. Thus, the current study aims to assess the association of severe childhood IV in sport and adult wellbeing.