Publications by authors named "Edwin van Dellen"

Aims: Prompt diagnosis and intervention are crucial for first-episode psychosis (FEP) outcomes, but predicting the response to antipsychotics remains challenging. We studied whether adding electroencephalography (EEG) characteristics improves clinical prediction models for treatment response and whether EEG-based predictors are influenced by initial treatment.

Methods: We included 115 antipsychotic-naïve patients with FEP.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Introduction: Delirium, a clinical manifestation of acute encephalopathy, is associated with extended hospitalisation, long-term cognitive dysfunction, increased mortality and high healthcare costs. Despite intensive research, there is still no targeted treatment. Delirium is characterised by electroencephalography (EEG) slowing, increased relative delta power and decreased functional connectivity.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Reliable predictors for electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) effectiveness would allow a more precise and personalized approach for the treatment of major depressive disorder (MDD). Prediction models were created using a priori selected clinical variables based on previous meta-analyses. Multivariable linear regression analysis was used, applying backwards selection to determine predictor variables while allowing non-linear relations, to develop a prediction model for depression outcome post-ECT (and logistic regression for remission and response as secondary outcome measures).

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Individuals with psychotic disorders often lead sedentary lives, heightening the risk of developing forward head posture. Forward head posture affects upper cervical vertebrae, raising the likelihood of daily discomforts like skeletal misalignment, neck pain, and reduced cardiorespiratory fitness. Improving cardiorespiratory fitness in psychotic disorders is relevant, given its proven benefits in enhancing physical and mental health.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Precision psychiatry is an emerging field that aims to provide individualized approaches to mental health care. An important strategy to achieve this precision is to reduce uncertainty about prognosis and treatment response. Multivariate analysis and machine learning are used to create outcome prediction models based on clinical data such as demographics, symptom assessments, genetic information, and brain imaging.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF
Article Synopsis
  • Thiamine di-phosphate plays a crucial role in processes related to glucose metabolism and brain function, which are linked to delirium; the study explored how thiamine deficiency and intravenous supplementation could affect delirium in intensive care patients.
  • The researchers analyzed two datasets: one from a 2017 study of 57 patients and another involving 3,074 patients before and after a thiamine supplementation protocol was introduced.
  • The findings showed no significant link between thiamine levels and delirium incidence, and although there was an increase in thiamine supplementation leading to a slight reduction in delirium, this was not statistically significant, indicating the need for more extensive clinical trials.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background: Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is a highly effective treatment for major depressive episodes (MDE). However, ECT-induced cognitive side-effects remain a concern. Identification of pre-treatment predictors that contribute to these side-effects remain unclear.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF
Article Synopsis
  • DeltaScan is a special tool that helps doctors quickly find out if a patient has delirium, which is a type of confusion that can happen when someone is very sick.
  • The study tested DeltaScan on 494 patients in different hospitals and found that it was very accurate, with a success rate of 99% in detecting brain issues.
  • The researchers want to learn more about how well DeltaScan can predict future problems related to delirium in patients.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Introduction: Resting-state EEG (rsEEG) characteristics, such as functional connectivity and network topology, are studied as potential biomarkers in psychiatric research. However, the presence of psychopharmacological treatment in study participants poses a potential confounding factor in biomarker research. To address this concern, our study aims to explore the impact of both single and multi-class psychotropic treatments on aforementioned rsEEG characteristics in a psychiatric population.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

To compare mental, cognitive and physical outcomes between COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 patients, 3-6 months after Intensive Care Unit (ICU) treatment during the COVID-19 pandemic and to compare mental outcomes between relatives of these patients. This retrospective cohort study included 209 ICU survivors (141 COVID-19 patients and 68 non-COVID-19 patients) and 168 of their relatives (maximum one per patient) during the COVID-19 pandemic. Primary outcomes were self-reported occurrence of mental, cognitive and/or physical symptoms 3-6 months after ICU discharge.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background: Delirium, a common syndrome with heterogeneous etiologies and clinical presentations, is associated with poor long-term outcomes. Recording and analyzing all delirium equally could be hindering the field's understanding of pathophysiology and identification of targeted treatments. Current delirium subtyping methods reflect clinically evident features but likely do not account for underlying biology.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Introduction: We developed and tested a Bayesian network(BN) model to predict ECT remission for depression, with non-response as a secondary outcome.

Methods: We performed a systematic literature search on clinically available predictors. We combined these predictors with variables from a dataset of clinical ECT trajectories (performed in the University Medical Center Utrecht) to create priors and train the BN.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF
Article Synopsis
  • * The article examines the challenges of clozapine-resistant schizophrenia and reviews current guidelines, diagnostic tests, and treatment methods, stressing the lack of research on this condition in low- and middle-income countries.
  • * Suggestions for future research focus on innovative clinical trials, genetic studies, real-world epidemiological research, and interventional studies that include input from patients and caregivers, aiming to improve global understanding and treatment of the condition.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background: Language anomalies are a hallmark feature of schizophrenia-spectrum disorders (SSD). Here, we used network analysis to examine possible differences in syntactic relations between patients with SSD and healthy controls. Moreover, we assessed their relationship with sociodemographic factors, psychotic symptoms, and cognitive functioning, and we evaluated whether the quantification of syntactic network measures has diagnostic value.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF
Article Synopsis
  • Delirium, a condition that can happen after surgery, may cause problems with thinking and lead to changes in the brain over time.
  • The study looked at brain scans of elderly patients before and three months after major surgery, comparing them to a group of people who didn't have surgery.
  • Results showed that patients who had delirium after surgery had a bigger decrease in brain volume, especially in a part called grey matter, compared to those who didn't have delirium.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Schizophrenia is associated with aberrations in the Default Mode Network (DMN), but the clinical implications remain unclear. We applied data-driven, unsupervised machine learning based on resting-state electroencephalography (rsEEG) functional connectivity within the DMN to cluster antipsychotic-naïve patients with first-episode schizophrenia. The identified clusters were investigated with respect to psychopathological profile and cognitive deficits.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background: Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) in patients with major depression is associated with volume changes and markers of neuroplasticity in the hippocampus, in particular in the dentate gyrus. It is unclear if these changes are associated with cognitive side effects.

Objectives: We investigated whether changes in cognitive functioning after ECT were associated with hippocampal structural changes.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background: People with severe mental illness (SMI) often suffer from long-lasting symptoms that negatively influence their social functioning, their ability to live a meaningful life, and participation in society. Interventions aimed at increasing physical activity can improve social functioning, but people with SMI experience multiple barriers to becoming physically active. Besides, the implementation of physical activity interventions in day-to-day practice is difficult.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background: Delirium is a frequent complication after surgery in older adults and is associated with an increased risk of long-term cognitive impairment and dementia. Disturbances in functional brain networks were previously reported during delirium. We hypothesised that alterations in functional brain networks persist after remission of postoperative delirium and that functional brain network alterations are associated with long-term cognitive impairment.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Introduction: Trauma-focused psychotherapy for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is effective in about half of all patients. Investigating biological systems related to prospective treatment response is important to gain insight in mechanisms predisposing patients for successful intervention. We studied if spontaneous brain activity, brain network characteristics and head motion during the resting state are associated with future treatment success.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Multiple sclerosis (MS) features extensive connectivity changes, but how structural and functional connectivity relate, and whether this relation could be a useful biomarker for cognitive impairment in MS is unclear. This study included 79 MS patients and 40 healthy controls (HCs). Patients were classified as cognitively impaired (CI) or cognitively preserved (CP).

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background: Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is the most effective treatment for severe major depressive episodes (MDEs). Nonetheless, firmly established associations between ECT outcomes and biological variables are currently lacking. Polygenic risk scores (PRSs) carry clinical potential, but associations with treatment response in psychiatry are seldom reported.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background And Purpose: The ENIGMA-EEG working group was established to enable large-scale international collaborations among cohorts that investigate the genetics of brain function measured with electroencephalography (EEG). In this perspective, we will discuss why analyzing the genetics of functional brain activity may be crucial for understanding how neurological and psychiatric liability genes affect the brain.

Methods: We summarize how we have performed our currently largest genome-wide association study of oscillatory brain activity in EEG recordings by meta-analyzing the results across five participating cohorts, resulting in the first genome-wide significant hits for oscillatory brain function located in/near genes that were previously associated with psychiatric disorders.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background: Childhood trauma increases risk for psychopathology and cognitive impairment. Prior research mainly focused on the hippocampus and amygdala in single diagnostic categories. However, other brain regions may be impacted by trauma as well, and effects may be independent of diagnosis.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF