Eco-Evolutionary Interactions With Multiple Evolving Species Reveal Both Antagonistic and Additive Effects.

Most eco-evolutionary research focuses on ecological effects of single-species evolution. We, therefore, know little of eco-evolutionary dynamics when multiple species evolve simultaneously. We quantified evolution-mediated ecological effects in communities equivalent in genetic diversity and starting biomass, but different in selection background (heatwave exposure) of one or all four zooplankton species (three Daphnia and one Scapholeberis species).