Long COVID Brain Fog Treatment: Findings from a Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial of Constraint-Induced Cognitive Therapy.

Purpose: Long COVID brain fog is often disabling. Yet, no empirically-supported treatments exist. This study's objectives were to evaluate feasibility and efficacy, provisionally, of a new rehabilitation approach, Constraint-Induced Cognitive Therapy (CICT), for post-COVID-19 cognitive sequelae.

Grade-4/5 motor activity log-Brazil for post-stroke individuals with a severely impaired upper limb: a validity, reliability and measurement error study.

Purpose: This study examined the clinimetrics of the Brazilian-Portuguese translation of the Grade-4/5 Motor Activity Log (MAL 4/5), which assesses everyday use of the more affected upper-limb (UL) in stroke survivors with moderate/severe or severe motor impairment.

Materials And Methods: The translated MAL 4/5 was administered to 47 stroke survivors with moderate/severe or severe UL motor impairment. Accelerometers were worn on participants' wrists for five days on average prior to the first assessment.

Perspectives From Persons With Multiple Sclerosis for a Comprehensive Real-World Change Therapy for Mobility.

Objective: To assess the personal perspectives of persons with multiple sclerosis (MS) on the acceptability of a novel physical therapy program that is designed to transfer gains from the clinic to their real-world lower extremity (LE) use, termed LE constraint-induced therapy (CIT). The program includes several behavior change techniques (prescribed home exercises, daily structured therapist interviews and problem solving for LE activities, keeping an activity diary) and a concentrated physical treatment schedule.

Design: Anonymous internet survey.

Video game rehabilitation for outpatient stroke (VIGoROUS): A multi-site randomized controlled trial of in-home, self-managed, upper-extremity therapy.

Background: Integrating behavioral intervention into motor rehabilitation is essential for improving paretic arm use in daily life. Demands on therapist time limit adoption of behavioral programs like Constraint-Induced Movement (CI) therapy, however. Self-managed motor practice could free therapist time for behavioral intervention, but there remains insufficient evidence of efficacy for a self-management approach.

Tele-rehabilitation of upper-extremity hemiparesis after stroke: Proof-of-concept randomized controlled trial of in-home Constraint-Induced Movement therapy.

Background: Although Constraint-Induced Movement therapy (CIMT) has been deemed efficacious for adults with persistent, mild-to-moderate, post-stroke upper-extremity hemiparesis, CIMT is not available on a widespread clinical basis. Impediments include its cost and travel to multiple therapy appointments. To overcome these barriers, we developed an automated, tele-health form of CIMT.

Acceptability of constraint induced movement therapy: influence of perceived difficulty and expected treatment outcome.

Background: Constraint-Induced Movement (CI) Therapy has evidence of efficaciously rehabilitating upper-extremity hemiparesis after stroke. Yet, it is not widely used in the United States. One barrier appears to be the perception of its difficulty among stroke care consumers, as reported by two published studies in which the participants had little or no apparent direct exposure to CI Therapy.

Validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the pediatric motor activity log-revised (PMAL-R) for 2-17 year old children with hemiparetic cerebral palsy.

Purpose: The Pediatric Upper-extremity Motor Activity Log-Revised (PMAL-R) is a structured interview that measures use of the more-affected arm in daily life in children with cerebral palsy (CP). This study investigated the concurrent validity and test-retest reliability of a Turkish version of the PMAL-R.

Materials And Methods: The PMAL-R was translated and cross-culturally adapted to Turkish and administered to parents of eighty children with hemiplegic CP between 2-17 years.

Reliability and Validity of the Lower Extremity Motor Activity Log for Measuring Real-World Leg Use in Adults With Multiple Sclerosis.

Objectives: To determine the test-retest reliability and validity of the Lower Extremity Motor Activity Log (LE-MAL) for assessing LE use in the community in adults with multiple sclerosis (MS).

Design: Prospective analysis of measures conducted by trained examiners.

Setting: Participants were evaluated by telephone on several measures of LE use.

Reproducibility of whole-brain temperature mapping and metabolite quantification using proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy.

Assessing brain temperature can provide important information about disease processes (e.g., stroke, trauma) and therapeutic effects (e.

Constraint-Induced Movement Therapy for Lower Extremity Function: Describing the LE-CIMT Protocol.

Constraint-induced movement therapy (CIMT) is comprised of a set of techniques shown to produce significant changes in upper extremity (UE) function following stroke and other disorders. The significant positive results obtained with the UE protocol have led to the development of LE-CIMT, an intervention to improve lower extremity (LE) function. However, some modifications of the UE protocol were needed, including omitting use of a restraint device, development of supervised motor training tasks to emphasize movement of the lower limb, and adaptation of the UE Motor Activity Log for the lower extremity.

Constraint-Induced Movement Therapy for Improving Motor Function of the Paretic Lower Extremity After Stroke.

A 56-yr-old woman with chronic stroke and gait dysfunction was recruited for this study. A lower-extremity constraint-induced movement therapy protocol was given consisting of 3.5 hrs/d of supervised intervention activities on 10 consecutive weekdays.

Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial of CI Therapy for Rehabilitation of Upper Extremity Motor Deficit: The Bringing Rehabilitation to American Veterans Everywhere Project.

Constraint-induced movement therapy (CI therapy) has been shown to reduce disability for individuals with upper extremity (UE) hemiparesis following different neurologic injuries. This article describes the study design and methodological considerations of the Bringing Rehabilitation to American Veterans Everywhere (BRAVE) Project, a randomized controlled trial of CI therapy to improve the motor deficit of participants with chronic and subacute traumatic brain injury. Our CI therapy protocol comprises 4 major components: (1) intensive training of the more-affected UE for target of 3 hour/day for 10 consecutive weekdays, (2) a behavioral technique termed shaping during training, (3) a "transfer package," 0.

Relation of white matter hyperintensities and motor deficits in chronic stroke.

Background: Infarct size and location account for only a relatively small portion of post-stroke motor impairment, suggesting that other less obvious factors may be involved.

Objective: Examine the relationship between white matter hyperintensity (WMH) load among other factors and upper extremity motor deficit in patients with mild to moderate chronic stroke.

Methods: The magnetic resonance images of 28 patients were studied.

Phase II Randomized Controlled Trial of Constraint-Induced Movement Therapy in Multiple Sclerosis. Part 2: Effect on White Matter Integrity.

Background: Constraint-induced movement therapy (CIMT) is a method of physical rehabilitation that has demonstrated clinical efficacy in patients with chronic stroke, cerebral palsy, and multiple sclerosis (MS).

Objective: This pilot randomized controlled trial tested whether CIMT can also induce increases in white matter integrity in patients with MS.

Methods: Twenty adults with chronic hemiparetic MS were randomized to receive either CIMT or complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) treatment (reported in the first article of this pair).

Phase II Randomized Controlled Trial of Constraint-Induced Movement Therapy in Multiple Sclerosis. Part 1: Effects on Real-World Function.

Background: Constraint-Induced Movement therapy (CIMT) has controlled evidence of efficacy for improving real-world paretic limb use in non-progressive physically disabling disorders (stroke, cerebral palsy).

Objective: This study sought to determine whether this therapy can produce comparable results with a progressive disorder such as multiple sclerosis (MS). We conducted a preliminary phase II randomized controlled trial of CIMT versus a program of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) treatments for persons with MS, to evaluate their effect on real-world disability.

Rehabilitation of stroke patients with plegic hands: Randomized controlled trial of expanded Constraint-Induced Movement therapy.

Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy of an expanded form of Constraint-Induced Movement Therapy (eCIMT) that renders CIMT, originally designed for treating mild-to-moderate upper-extremity hemiparesis, suitable for treating severe hemiparesis.

Methods: Twenty-one adults ≥1 year after stroke with severe upper-extremity hemiparesis (with little or no capacity to make movements with the more-affected hand) were randomly assigned to eCIMT (n = 10), a placebo-control procedure (n = 4), or usual care (n = 7). The participants who received usual care were crossed over to eCIMT four months after enrollment.

Comparison of reproducibility of single voxel spectroscopy and whole-brain magnetic resonance spectroscopy imaging at 3T.

To date, single voxel spectroscopy (SVS) is the most commonly used MRS technique. SVS is relatively easy to use and provides automated and immediate access to the resulting spectra. However, it is also limited in spatial coverage.

The Pediatric SmartShoe: Wearable Sensor System for Ambulatory Monitoring of Physical Activity and Gait.

Cerebral palsy (CP) is a group of nonprogressive neuro-developmental conditions occurring in early childhood that causes movement disorders and physical disability. Measuring activity levels and gait patterns is an important aspect of CP rehabilitation programs. Traditionally, such programs utilize commercially available laboratory systems, which cannot to be utilized in community living.

Upper extremity motor training of a subject with initially motor complete chronic high tetraplegia using constraint-induced biofeedback therapy.

Introduction: The purpose of this case study was to determine if a subject with chronic high tetraplegia (C3 AIS A) could learn to use an initially paralyzed upper extremity on the basis of training procedures alone.

Case Presentation: Initially, an AIS examination revealed no purposive movement below the neck other than minimal shoulder movement. Training was carried out weekly over 39 months.

Relation of depressive symptoms to outcome of CI movement therapy after stroke.

Objective: Depressive symptoms after stroke have been associated with negative outcomes, including poorer functional ability, less efficient use of rehabilitation services, decreased quality of life, and increased mortality. It has been anecdotally noted that depressive symptoms do not limit motor recovery in patients who undergo Constraint-Induced Movement Therapy (CIMT), an efficacious intervention for chronic poststroke hemiparesis. Here we analyze depressive symptom and motor scores from 40 participants who received CIMT in 2 previously published studies.

Video Game Rehabilitation for Outpatient Stroke (VIGoROUS): protocol for a multi-center comparative effectiveness trial of in-home gamified constraint-induced movement therapy for rehabilitation of chronic upper extremity hemiparesis.

Background: Constraint-Induced Movement therapy (CI therapy) is shown to reduce disability, increase use of the more affected arm/hand, and promote brain plasticity for individuals with upper extremity hemiparesis post-stroke. Randomized controlled trials consistently demonstrate that CI therapy is superior to other rehabilitation paradigms, yet it is available to only a small minority of the estimated 1.2 million chronic stroke survivors with upper extremity disability.

Assessing the Amount of Spontaneous Real-World Spoken Language in Aphasia: Validation of Two Methods.

Purpose: The purpose of this article is to present the results of a study evaluating the psychometric properties of 2 new measures that exclusively assess the amount of real-world spoken language in patients with aphasia.

Method: Forty individuals with aphasia were evaluated on several measures of spoken language in real-world settings. The Verbal Activity Log (VAL; Johnson et al.

Translation and cross cultural adaptation of the Pediatric Motor Activity Log-Revised scale.

Objectives: To translate PMAL-R and adapt for the Brazilian culture; analyze the reliability and the internal consistency of the Brazilian version.

Method: Translation of PMAL-R to the Portuguese-Brazil and back translation. The back-translated version was revised by the authors of the scale.

Implications of CI therapy for visual deficit training.

We address here the question of whether the techniques of Constraint Induced (CI) therapy, a family of treatments that has been employed in the rehabilitation of movement and language after brain damage might apply to the rehabilitation of such visual deficits as unilateral spatial neglect and visual field deficits. CI therapy has been used successfully for the upper and lower extremities after chronic stroke, cerebral palsy (CP), multiple sclerosis (MS), other central nervous system (CNS) degenerative conditions, resection of motor areas of the brain, focal hand dystonia, and aphasia. Treatments making use of similar methods have proven efficacious for amblyopia.