Evaluation of a virtual practice placement: A model to increase student capacity.

Aim: To describe the development and evaluation of a novel virtual practice placement.

Background: Health systems around the world face the challenge of recruiting and retaining sufficient nursing staff to provide high quality care. The need to train more nurses makes it hard to provide sufficient and varied high quality student placements to all students.

Aseptic versus clean technique during wound management? Systematic review with meta-analysis.

The management of wounds by health professionals usually involves aseptic technique. An alternative is the use of clean techniques where the risk of infection is minimised but use of non-sterile materials is considered permissible. This systematic review and meta-analysis compares these two approaches.

Children's care: family centred but child focused.

Family-centred care is a widely used but loosely defined model of care often used in children's nursing. Although this allows for flexibility in its application, it also means that nurses can have very different ideas about its meaning. Recent decisions about the implementation of the COVID-19 vaccination programme for children under the age of 16 years in the UK and other countries have further confused this, as it has brought into question the relative position of children and their families in the decision-making process.

Face mask use to prevent COVID-19 in clinical practice. Using a review of reviews to improve decision-making and transparency.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the importance of transparency and scientific rigour in the development of clinical guidance. Rapid review methodologies were widely used in the development of guidance, and in the United Kingdom, COVID-19 guidance was criticized for methodological inadequacy and erroneous conclusions.

Aims: To summarize the evidence looking at the use of face masks to prevent COVID-19 infection in clinical practice areas, and to show how this can be used in decision-making.

Household Survey Measurement of Newborn Postnatal Care: Coverage, Quality Gaps, and Internal Inconsistencies in Responses.

Background: Reliable measurement of newborn postnatal care is essential to understand gaps in coverage and quality and thereby improve outcomes. This study examined gaps in coverage and measurement of newborn postnatal care in the first 2 days of life.

Methods: We analyzed Demographic and Health Survey data from 15 countries for 71,366 births to measure the gap between postnatal contact coverage and content coverage within 2 days of birth.

Managing fever in children: developing guidelines that turn evidence into practice.

The importance of evidence-based practice has been emphasised in nursing in recent years. However, the process by which research evidence is turned into clinical recommendations is not always clear. This is important because understanding and communicating the rationale for clinical decisions is a vital part of the role of the children's nurse.

The rise and fall of university-based nurse training.

Aim/objective: To consider the future of nurse education and the merits of a university-based course versus vocational training.

Background: In the 1990s nurse training in the United Kingdom moved from an apprenticeship model to a university-based education. At about the same time, the two-tier structure of registered and enrolled nurses was abandoned, leading to an all-graduate profession.

Distance to available services for newborns at facilities in Malawi: A secondary analysis of survey and health facility data.

Background: Malawi has halved the neonatal mortality rate between 1990-2018, however, is not on track to achieve the Sustainable Development Goal 12 per 1,000 live births. Despite a high facility birth rate (91%), mother-newborn dyads may not remain in facilities long enough to receive recommended care and quality of care improvements are needed to reach global targets. Physical access and distance to health facilities remain barriers to quality postnatal care.

Teaching health care students hand hygiene theory and skills: a systematic review.

Hand hygiene is the cornerstone of infection prevention but is poorly undertaken and under-appreciated by medical, nursing, and other health care students. This systematic review aimed to identify and describe strategies used to teach the theory and practice of hand hygiene, determine impact on knowledge and practice, and identify need for future education and research. Ten studies met the criteria for review.

Undertaking qualitative reviews in nursing and education - A method of thematic analysis for students and clinicians.

Objectives: To develop a simplified but rigorous method for qualitative reviews using thematic analysis, suitable for students and clinicians.

Design: Methodological review.

Data Sources: Cochrane and Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) methods, key references from these, and important original methodologies.

Equity in newborn care, evidence from national surveys in low- and middle-income countries.

Background: High coverage of care is essential to improving newborn survival; however, gaps exist in access to timely and appropriate newborn care between and within countries. In high mortality burden settings, health inequities due to social and economic factors may also impact on newborn outcomes. This study aimed to examine equity in co-coverage of newborn care interventions in low- and low middle-income countries in sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia.

Inconsistent relationship between depth of sedation and intensive care outcome: systematic review and meta-analysis.

Purpose: To determine the effect of depth of sedation on intensive care mortality, duration of mechanical ventilation, and other clinically important outcomes.

Methods: We searched MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Register of Controlled Trials, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, PsycINFO from 2000 to 2020. Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) and cohort studies that examined the effect of sedation depth were included.

Survey with content analysis to explore nurses' satisfaction with opportunities to undertake continuing professional education in relation to aseptic technique.

Background: Aseptic technique is a key skill undertaken every day by large numbers of nurses. However, there is relatively little empirical evidence to underpin practice. Furthermore, it is not clear to what extent it should be considered a single task or a set of principles to be applied differentially depending upon the situation and how individual nurses make this decision.

Development and internal validation of a predictive risk model for anxiety after completion of treatment for early stage breast cancer.

Objective: To develop a predictive risk model (PRM) for patient-reported anxiety after treatment completion for early stage breast cancer suitable for use in practice and underpinned by advances in data science and risk prediction.

Methods: Secondary analysis of a prospective survey of > 800 women at the end of treatment and again 6 months later using patient reported outcome (PRO) the hospital anxiety and depression scale-anxiety (HADS-A) and > 20 candidate predictors. Multiple imputation using chained equations (for missing data) and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) were used to select predictors.

How to Develop Statistical Predictive Risk Models in Oncology Nursing to Enhance Psychosocial and Supportive Care.

Objectives: Predictive risk models are advocated in psychosocial oncology practice to provide timely and appropriate support to those likely to experience the emotional and psychological consequences of cancer and its treatments. New digital technologies mean that large scale and routine data collection are becoming part of everyday clinical practice. Using these data to try to identify those at greatest risk for late psychosocial effects of cancer is an attractive proposition in a climate of unmet need and limited resource.

Evaluating implementation strategies for essential newborn care interventions in low- and low middle-income countries: a systematic review.

Neonatal mortality remains a significant health problem in low-income settings. Low-cost essential newborn care (ENC) interventions with proven efficacy and cost-effectiveness exist but have not reached high coverage (≥90%). Little is known about the strategies used to implement these interventions or how they relate to improved coverage.

Electronic hand hygiene monitoring: accuracy, impact on the Hawthorne effect and efficiency.

Objectives: To evaluate a type five electronic monitoring system (EMS) for hand hygiene (HH) adherence with respect to accuracy and ability to avoid the Hawthorne effect.

Design: HH events were observed manually and electronically. The agreement between the two observation methods was evaluated.

Qualitative interview study exploring frontline managers' contributions to hand hygiene standards and audit: Local knowledge can inform practice.

Background: Frontline managers promote hand hygiene standards and adherence to hand hygiene protocols. Little is known about this aspect of their role.

Methods: Qualitative interview study with frontline managers on 2 acute admission wards in a large National Health Service Trust in the United Kingdom.

Impact of isolation on hospitalised patients who are infectious: systematic review with meta-analysis.

Objective: To systematically review the literature exploring the impact of isolation on hospitalised patients who are infectious: psychological and non-psychological outcomes.

Design: Systematic review with meta-analysis.

Data Sources: Embase, Medline and PsycINFO were searched from inception until December 2018.

Applying thematic synthesis to interpretation and commentary in epidemiological studies: identifying what contributes to successful interventions to promote hand hygiene in patient care.

Objectives: Hand hygiene is considered the most important preventive measure for healthcare-associated infections, but adherence is suboptimal. We previously undertook a Cochrane Review that demonstrated that interventions to improve adherence are moderately effective. Impact varied between organisations and sites with the same intervention and implementation approaches.

A systematic review and Bayesian meta-analysis of interventions which target or assess co-use of tobacco and cannabis in single- or multi-substance interventions.

Background And Aims: Tobacco and cannabis are commonly co-used, and evidence for the influence of co-use on quit outcomes for either substance is mixed. We sought to determine the efficacy of tobacco and/or cannabis use interventions delivered to co-users on cannabis and tobacco use outcomes.

Method: Systematic review with meta-analysis and narrative review, using five databases and author requests for co-use data.

Can the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme check-lists be used alongside Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation to improve transparency and decision-making?

Aims: The Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) Working Group Guidance is widely used to increase the transparency by which evidence is turned into recommendations. Although the process is clearly defined, it may be difficult to use in nursing education and practice because it uses separate terminology and tools to those sometimes used in education, such as those devised by the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme (CASP). This paper aims to show how these tools can be used together.

Breastfeeding support in low and middle-income countries: Secondary analysis of national survey data.

Background: Early initiation of breastfeeding and exclusive breastfeeding can reduce infant mortality. Breastfeeding support interventions such as counselling may improve adherence to recommended practices. However, it is not known if these interventions work at the population level.