Inhibition of micro-RNA-induced RNA silencing by 2'-o-methyl oligonucleotides in Drosophila S2 cells.

More than 90 different micro-ribonucleic acid (miRNA) encoding genes have been identified in Drosophila, yet the function of only two of these, bantam and DmiR-14, has been elucidated. In an effort to develop a general strategy for the analysis of miRNA function in Drosophila, two procedures were developed, in a Schneider line 2 cell culture system, which may be adapted to that end. First, we show that endogenous miRNAs can partially inhibit the expression of a transiently transfected reporter gene that has been modified to contain sequences complementary to that miRNA in the 3' UTR of a target messenger RNA (mRNA).

Juvenile hormone regulation of the E75 nuclear receptor is conserved in Diptera and Lepidoptera.

Despite longstanding efforts, the juvenile hormone (JH) signaling pathway remains unknown. In Drosophila melanogaster (Diptera), JH activates expression of the E75A nuclear receptor. The E75 gene encodes a family of related proteins.

Hormonal regulation and functional role of Drosophila E75A orphan nuclear receptor in the juvenile hormone signaling pathway.

Ecdysone and juvenile hormone (JH) are important regulators of insect growth and development. While ecdysone initiates a transition from one developmental stage to another, JH determines the nature of the transition. How these two hormones interact at the molecular level is not known.

Temporal regulation of microRNA expression in Drosophila melanogaster mediated by hormonal signals and broad-Complex gene activity.

lin-4 and let-7 are founding members of an extensive family of genes that produce small transcripts, termed microRNAs (miRNAs). In Caenorhabditis elegans, lin-4 and let-7 control the timing of postembryonic events by translational repression of target genes, permitting progression from early to late developmental programs. To identify Drosophila melanogaster miRNAs that could play similar roles in the control of developmental timing, we characterized the developmental expression profile of 24 miRNAs in Drosophila, and found 7 miRNAs that are either upregulated or downregulated in conjunction with metamorphosis.

The expression of the let-7 small regulatory RNA is controlled by ecdysone during metamorphosis in Drosophila melanogaster.

In Caenorhabditis elegans, the heterochronic pathway controls the timing of developmental events during the larval stages. A component of this pathway, the let-7 small regulatory RNA, is expressed at the late stages of development and promotes the transition from larval to adult (L/A) stages. The stage-specificity of let-7 expression, which is crucial for the proper timing of the worm L/A transition, is conserved in Drosophila melanogaster and other invertebrates.