Positional vertigo: as occurs across all age groups.

This article reviews the pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment of benign paroxysmal positional vertigo of the posterior and lateral semicircular canals and summarizes the evidence-based outcome data. The authors discuss this common cause of vertigo, its cause and prevalence across the life span, and efficacy of treatment through both physical repositioning maneuvers and surgery.

Toll-like receptor agonists as third signals for dendritic cell-tumor fusion vaccines.

Background: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of dendritic cell (DC)-tumor fusion hybrids with Toll-like receptor (TLR) agonists.

Methods: DC-tumor fusion hybrids were generated by electrofusion and injected into the inguinal lymph nodes of C57BL/6 mice with 3-day established pulmonary metastases. Paired TLR agonists polyinosine:polycytadilic acid [poly(I:C)] and cytosine-phosphate-guanine (CpG) were then injected intraperitoneally.

Concurrent chemo-radiotherapy with mitomycin C compared with porfiromycin in squamous cell cancer of the head and neck: final results of a randomized clinical trial.

Purpose: Previous randomized trials have shown a benefit with concurrent use of the hypoxic cell cytotoxin mitomycin C (MC) and radiation (RT) in the management of squamous cell cancer of the head and neck (SCCHN). We conducted a randomized trial comparing MC with porfiromycin (POR) in combination with RT in the management of SCCHN.

Methods And Materials: Between 1992 and 1999, 128 patients with SCCHN were enrolled in this prospective randomized trial.

Tissue microarray analysis reveals prognostic significance of COX-2 expression for local relapse in T1-2N0 larynx cancer treated with primary radiation therapy.

Objective: The purpose of this analysis is to determine whether a significant correlation exists between cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression and local relapse in a large cohort of patients with T1 to 2N0 laryngeal cancer treated with primary radiation therapy.

Methods And Materials: Clinical and molecular analyses were conducted on 123 patients with biopsy-proven T1 to 2N0 laryngeal cancer. Clinical prognostic factors included pretreatment hemoglobin, age, sex, race, T stage, tumor subsite, beam energy, biologically equivalent dose, therapy duration, and treatment date.

Prognostic significance of pretreatment hemoglobin for local control and overall survival in T1-T2N0 larynx cancer treated with external beam radiotherapy.

Purpose: To elucidate a relationship between pretreatment hemoglobin and local control in patients with T1-T2N0 larynx cancer treated with radiotherapy.

Methods And Materials: A total of 246 patients with T1-T2N0 cancer of the larynx were included in this analysis. Patients were treated using a median daily fraction of 200 cGy to a total median dose of 66 Gy within 47 days.