Generating Demand for Alternative Protein in Low- and Middle- Income Countries: Opportunities and Experiences from Nutritious and Sustainable Market Solutions.

Protein consumption and the demand for high-value nutritional products is growing rapidly in emerging markets. The projected growth of the alternative protein industry may position it well to meet this demand while addressing environmental sustainability and ethical standards. However, adoption of alternative protein products over traditional animal-sourced proteins is not always a clear choice, with factors such as consumer preferences and habitual behaviors influencing consumer decisions.

Ten considerations for effectively managing the COVID-19 transition.

Governments around the world have implemented measures to manage the transmission of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). While the majority of these measures are proving effective, they have a high social and economic cost, and response strategies are being adjusted. The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends that communities should have a voice, be informed and engaged, and participate in this transition phase.

Predictive validity of the attitudes toward medical help-seeking scale.

Objective: This study examines the predictive validity of the action/intention subscale of the attitudes toward seeking medical help scale in a college sample.

Participants: Participants were 51 female undergraduates recruited from psychology classes. Data were collected at two time points between January and April, 2011.

Multidimensional poverty in rural Mozambique: a new metric for evaluating public health interventions.

Background: Poverty is a multidimensional phenomenon and unidimensional measurements have proven inadequate to the challenge of assessing its dynamics. Dynamics between poverty and public health intervention is among the most difficult yet important problems faced in development. We sought to demonstrate how multidimensional poverty measures can be utilized in the evaluation of public health interventions; and to create geospatial maps of poverty deprivation to aid implementers in prioritizing program planning.

Frustrated Freedom: The Effects of Agency and Wealth on Wellbeing in Rural Mozambique.

In Sen's capability view of poverty, wellbeing is threatened by both deficits of wealth and deficits of individual agency. Sen further predicts that "unfreedom," or low levels of agency will suppress the wellbeing effects of higher levels of wealth. The current paper extends Sen's view to include a condition, labeled "frustrated freedom," in which relatively higher levels of agency can heighten the poverty effects of relatively low levels of material wealth.

Safety effects of reducing freeway illumination for energy conservation.

The addition of illumination where none was present is generally believed to have a positive effect on motor vehicle safety; reducing the frequency, as well as the severity of crashes. The operational cost of illumination, however, can make it a candidate for conservation during periods of high energy costs. In response to a forecasted energy shortage, the Oregon Department of Transportation selectively reduced illumination on interstate highways as part of an energy-saving effort.

Coffee and cigarette consumption and perceived effects in recovering alcoholics participating in Alcoholics Anonymous in Nashville, Tennessee, USA.

Background: Alcoholics Anonymous (AA) members represent an important and relatively understudied population for improving our understanding of alcohol dependence recovery as over 1 million Americans participate in the program. Further insight into coffee and cigarette use by these individuals is necessary given AA members' apparent widespread consumption and the recognized health consequences and psychopharmacological actions of these substances.

Methods: Volunteers were sought from all open-AA meetings in Nashville, TN during the summer of 2007 to complete a questionnaire (n = 289, completion rate = 94.

Urban ethnic minority women's attendance at health clinic vs. church based exercise programs.

Older, sedentary, urban-living, ethnic minority women are at high risk for preventable disease, but it is difficult to engage this population in health promotion efforts. This study tested two methods of engaging Hispanic and African American women, who were at high risk for cardiovascular disease, in a 10-week aerobic fitness program. The program was offered to 76 participants, in either a women's health clinic or a church.

Efficacy and cost-effectiveness of a clinic-based counseling intervention tested in an ethnically diverse sample of pregnant smokers.

Objective: Rates of cigarette smoking are higher among women who receive obstetric care through publicly funded prenatal clinics. This study compared smoking outcomes for pregnant women (n=105) who were randomized to receive either usual care (standard cessation advice from the health care provider) or an intervention conducted in the prenatal clinic consisting of 1.5 h of counseling plus telephone follow-up delivered by a masters prepared mental health counselor.

Spontaneous smoking cessation during pregnancy among ethnic minority women: a preliminary investigation.

This study examined the postpartum relapse rates and characteristics of pregnant women who stopped smoking without professional intervention. Baseline characteristics of women who spontaneously quit were compared to women who continued to smoke. Women who spontaneously quit were also randomized to a psychotherapy relapse prevention treatment, or to usual care.

Ethnic variation in socioenvironmental factors that influence adolescent smoking.

Purpose: To compare black, Hispanic and white adolescent smokers on socioenvironmental factors associated with smoking.

Methods: The study uses a cross-sectional design. A needs assessment of 1305 current, former and never adolescent smokers from four ethnically and geographically diverse sites in the United States was conducted in 1999.

Continuous intrathecal baclofen infusion delivered by a programmable pump for the treatment of severe spasticity following traumatic brain injury.

The aim of this study was to determine the efficacy and safety of intrathecal baclofen (ITB) delivered by a programmable pump for the chronic treatment of severe spasticity due to traumatic brain injury (TBI). Eight patients with severe spasticity following TBI, refractory to oral baclofen or who experienced intolerable side effects, were screened. The first five patients were enrolled in a research protocol that was approved by the Institutional Review Board for Human Research at Boston University Medical Center.

Continuous intrathecal baclofen infusion by a programmable pump in 131 consecutive patients with severe spasticity of spinal origin.

We began this study to determine the efficacy and safety of intrathecal baclofen (ITB) delivered by a programmable pump for the treatment of severe spasticity of spinal cord origin. One hundred fifty two patients with severe spasticity of spinal origin, refractory to oral baclofen, or who experienced intolerable side-effects were given a test dose of ITB. Only those who had a satisfactory response were considered to be appropriate for pump implantation.