Correction: Quantitative Computed Tomographic Descriptors Associate Tumor Shape Complexity and Intratumor Heterogeneity with Prognosis in Lung Adenocarcinoma.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.

ACRIN 6684: Assessment of Tumor Hypoxia in Newly Diagnosed Glioblastoma Using 18F-FMISO PET and MRI.

Purpose: Structural and functional alterations in tumor vasculature are thought to contribute to tumor hypoxia which is a primary driver of malignancy through its negative impact on the efficacy of radiation, immune surveillance, apoptosis, genomic stability, and accelerated angiogenesis. We performed a prospective, multicenter study to test the hypothesis that abnormal tumor vasculature and hypoxia, as measured with MRI and PET, will negatively impact survival in patients with newly diagnosed glioblastoma.

Experimental Design: Prior to the start of chemoradiation, patients with glioblastoma underwent MRI scans that included dynamic contrast enhanced and dynamic susceptibility contrast perfusion sequences to quantitate tumor cerebral blood volume/flow (CBV/CBF) and vascular permeability (k) as well as F-Fluoromisonidazole (F-FMISO) PET to quantitate tumor hypoxia.

Metabolic Activity by 18F-FDG-PET/CT Is Prognostic for Stage I and II Pancreatic Cancer.

Purpose: Metabolic activity, as defined by F-FDG uptake on PET, is a prognostic marker for multiple malignancies; however, no study has examined the prognostic value of imaging with FDG PET in stage I and II pancreatic cancer. We examined the value of PET FDG uptake in early-stage pancreatic cancer patients.

Methods: We identified patients with early-stage pancreatic cancer (I-II) who had FDG PET scan performed as part of their preoperative evaluation.

Semiquantitative Computed Tomography Characteristics for Lung Adenocarcinoma and Their Association With Lung Cancer Survival.

Unlabelled: In this study we developed 25 computed tomography descriptors among 117 patients with lung adenocarcinoma to semiquantitatively assess their association with overall survival. Pleural attachment was significantly associated with an increased risk of death and texture was most important for distinguishing histological subtypes. This approach has the potential to support automated analyses and develop decision-support clinical tools.

Quantitative computed tomographic descriptors associate tumor shape complexity and intratumor heterogeneity with prognosis in lung adenocarcinoma.

Two CT features were developed to quantitatively describe lung adenocarcinomas by scoring tumor shape complexity (feature 1: convexity) and intratumor density variation (feature 2: entropy ratio) in routinely obtained diagnostic CT scans. The developed quantitative features were analyzed in two independent cohorts (cohort 1: n = 61; cohort 2: n = 47) of patients diagnosed with primary lung adenocarcinoma, retrospectively curated to include imaging and clinical data. Preoperative chest CTs were segmented semi-automatically.

Technology integration performance assessment using lean principles in health care.

This study assesses the impact of an automated infusion system (AIS) integration at a positron emission tomography (PET) center based on "lean thinking" principles. The authors propose a systematic measurement system that evaluates improvement in terms of the "8 wastes." This adaptation to the health care context consisted of performance measurement before and after integration of AIS in terms of time, utilization of resources, amount of materials wasted/saved, system variability, distances traveled, and worker strain.

Variance of SUVs for FDG-PET/CT is greater in clinical practice than under ideal study settings.

Purpose: Measurement variance affects the clinical effectiveness of PET-based measurement as a semiquantitative imaging biomarker for cancer response in individual patients and for planning clinical trials. In this study, we measured test-retest reproducibility of SUV measurements under clinical practice conditions and recorded recognized deviations from protocol compliance.

Methods: Instrument performance calibration, display, and analyses conformed to manufacture recommendations.

Promise and pitfalls of quantitative imaging in oncology clinical trials.

Quantitative imaging using computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging and positron emission tomography modalities will play an increasingly important role in the design of oncology trials addressing molecularly targeted, personalized therapies. The advent of molecularly targeted therapies, exemplified by antiangiogenic drugs, creates new complexities in the assessment of response. The Quantitative Imaging Network addresses the need for imaging modalities which can accurately and reproducibly measure not just change in tumor size but changes in relevant metabolic parameters, modulation of relevant signaling pathways, drug delivery to tumor and differentiation of apoptotic cell death from other changes in tumor volume.

A multicenter prospective evaluation of the clinical utility of F-18 FDG-PET/CT in patients with AJCC stage IIIB or IIIC extremity melanoma.

Objective/background: There is a high risk of relapse in stage IIIB/IIIC melanoma. The utility of 2-[fluorine-18]-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose positron emission tomography integrated with computed tomography (FDG-PET/CT) in these patients to evaluate response to treatment or for surveillance after treatment is currently not well defined.

Methods: Prospective data from 2 centers identified 97 patients with stage IIIB/IIIC extremity melanoma undergoing isolated limb infusion (ILI) who had whole body FDG-PET/CT scans before and every 3 months after treatment.

Negative predictive value of positron emission tomography/computed tomography in patients with a clinical suspicion of pancreatic cancer.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the negative predictive value of positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT) in patients with lesions suggestive of pancreatic cancer.

Methods: A retrospective review from January 2005 to August 2008 of all patients who underwent a PET/CT to evaluate a lesion suggestive of pancreatic cancer based on prior imaging. One hundred eighty-four patients underwent PET/CT, of which 60 patients had a negative PET scan.

Computed tomography response, but not positron emission tomography scan response, predicts survival after neoadjuvant chemotherapy for resectable non-small-cell lung cancer.

Purpose: Tumor response is considered a surrogate marker of survival. We investigated whether tumor response based on computed tomography (CT) scan or whole-body [(18)F]fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (PET) scan after neoadjuvant chemotherapy for resectable non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is prognostic of survival.

Patients And Methods: Two consecutive phase II clinical trials were jointly analyzed.

PET/CT fusion scan enhances CT staging in patients with pancreatic neoplasms.

Background: The role of fusion positron emission tomography/computed tomography scans (PET/CT) in staging of patients with pancreatic neoplasms (PN) is poorly defined. PET/CT may serve as an adjunct to standard imaging by increasing occult metastases detection. The purpose of this study was to assess the additional value, in relation to computed tomography (CT), of PET/CT imaging for patients with PN.

Computer-aided mass detection based on ipsilateral multiview mammograms.

Rationale And Objectives: Recent reports on advances in computer-aided detection (CAD) indicate that current schemes miss early-stage breast cancers and result in a relatively large false-positive detection rate in order to achieve a high sensitivity rate for mass detection. This paper is inspired by the interpretation procedure from mammographers. The abnormal diagnosis can be derived from multiple views but is not available through single-view image analysis.

Analysis of a mammography teaching program based on an affordance design model.

Rationale And Objectives: The wide use of computer technology in education, particularly in mammogram reading, asks for e-learning evaluation. The existing media comparative studies, learner attitude evaluations, and performance tests are problematic. Based on an affordance design model, this study examined an existing e-learning program on mammogram reading.

Acute and chronic aortic dissection.

Each year acute aortic dissection is diagnosed in 2,000 individuals in the United States. Acute aortic dissection is no longer a catastrophic event because this problem can be rapidly diagnosed with current medical technology, and therefore promptly treated with medication and surgery. Consequently, patients with aortic dissection can survive for 10 to 20 or more years after the initial event.