Dopamine D receptor availability in cocaine use disorder individuals with obesity as measured by [C]PHNO PET.

Background: Positron emission tomography (PET) work with the dopamine D3 receptor (DR) preferring ligand [C]PHNO in obese individuals has demonstrated higher binding and positive correlations with body mass index (BMI) in otherwise healthy individuals. These findings implicated brain reward areas including the substantia nigra/ventral tegmental area (SN/VTA) and pallidum. In cocaine use disorder (CUD), similar SN/VTA binding profiles have been found compared to healthy control subjects.

Evaluating Recruitment Strategies for a Randomized Clinical Trial with Heart Failure Patients.

Recruiting participants with chronic medical conditions is time-consuming and expensive. Electronic medical record databases and patient portals may enable outreach to larger numbers of patients in comparison to face-to-face methods. We aimed to describe the yields, benefits, and limitations of recruitment strategies used for a randomized clinical trial of cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia among patients with chronic stable heart failure (NCT02660385).

Effects of age, BMI and sex on the glial cell marker TSPO - a multicentre [C]PBR28 HRRT PET study.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of ageing, sex and body mass index (BMI) on translocator protein (TSPO) availability in healthy subjects using positron emission tomography (PET) and the radioligand [C]PBR28.

Methods: [C]PBR28 data from 140 healthy volunteers (72 males and 68 females; N = 78 with HAB and N = 62 MAB genotype; age range 19-80 years; BMI range 17.6-36.

Regional and source-based patterns of [C]-(+)-PHNO binding potential reveal concurrent alterations in dopamine D and D receptor availability in cocaine-use disorder.

Dopamine type 2 and type 3 receptors (DR/DR) appear critical to addictive disorders. Cocaine-use disorder (CUD) is associated with lower DR availability and greater DR availability in regions primarily expressing DR or DR concentrations, respectively. However, these CUD-related alterations in DR and DR have not been concurrently detected using available dopaminergic radioligands.

Elevated Dopamine D Receptor Availability in Obese Individuals: A PET Imaging Study with [C](+)PHNO.

Most prior work with positron emission tomography (PET) dopamine subtype 2/3 receptor (DR) non-selective antagonist tracers suggests that obese (OB) individuals exhibit lower DRs when compared with normal weight (NW) individuals. A D-preferring DR agonist tracer, [C](+)PHNO, has demonstrated that body mass index (BMI) was positively associated with DR availability within striatal reward regions. To date, OB individuals have not been studied with [C](+)PHNO.

A preliminary study of dopamine D2/3 receptor availability and social status in healthy and cocaine dependent humans imaged with [(11)C](+)PHNO.

Background: Previous work in healthy non-human primates and humans has shown that social status correlates positively with dopamine 2/3 receptor (D2/3R) availability imaged with antagonist radioligands and positron emission tomography (PET). Further work in non-human primates suggests that this relationship is disrupted by chronic cocaine administration. This exploratory study examined the relationship between social status and D2/3R availability in healthy (HH) and cocaine dependent (CD) humans using the D3-preferring, agonist radioligand, [(11)C](+)PHNO.

Sex differences in the association between dietary restraint, insulin resistance and obesity.

Background & Aims: Restrained food consumption may alter metabolic function and contribute to eventual weight gain; however, sex differences in these relationships have not been assessed. The objective of this study was to examine the relationship between restrained eating and insulin resistance and the influence of body mass index and sex on this relationship in a large community sample of both men and women. We hypothesized that restrained eating would be related to insulin resistance and this relationship would be influenced by sex and body mass index.