Inflamed macrophages sans mitochondrial pyruvate carrier?

Glycolysis provides building blocks for the proinflammatory activation of macrophages and simultaneously generates pyruvate. In this issue of , Ran et al. provide evidence that the transport of pyruvate to fuel the Krebs cycle in the mitochondria is not required in the inflammatory response.

Tailoring Nanostructure Morphology for Enhanced Targeting of Dendritic Cells in Atherosclerosis.

Atherosclerosis, a leading cause of heart disease, results from chronic vascular inflammation that is driven by diverse immune cell populations. Nanomaterials may function as powerful platforms for diagnostic imaging and controlled delivery of therapeutics to inflammatory cells in atherosclerosis, but efficacy is limited by nonspecific uptake by cells of the mononuclear phagocytes system (MPS). MPS cells located in the liver, spleen, blood, lymph nodes, and kidney remove from circulation the vast majority of intravenously administered nanomaterials regardless of surface functionalization or conjugation of targeting ligands.