Ronapreve (REGN-CoV; casirivimab and imdevimab) reduces the viral burden and alters the pulmonary response to the SARS-CoV-2 Delta variant (B.1.617.2) in K18-hACE2 mice using an experimental design reflective of a treatment use case.

Background: Ronapreve demonstrated clinical application in post-exposure prophylaxis, mild/moderate disease and in the treatment of seronegative patients with severe COVID19 prior to the emergence of the Omicron variant in late 2021. Numerous reports have described loss of neutralisation activity of Ronapreve and other monoclonal antibodies for BA.1 Omicron and subsequent sub-lineages of the Omicron variant.

Emerging Concepts in Vascular Dementia: A Review.

Objective: Vascular dementia (VaD) is the second most common cause of dementia and a major health concern worldwide. A comprehensive review on VaD is warranted for better understanding and guidance for the practitioner. We provide an updated overview of the epidemiology, pathophysiological mechanisms, neuroimaging patterns as well as current diagnostic and therapeutic approaches.

Anti-myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-positive coursing with optic neuritis: Imaging and clinical implications.

A 9-year-old boy was admitted to our institution with acute onset of bilateral blurry vision. Physical examination revealed bilateral papilledema. Cerebrospinal fluid analysis and comprehensive metabolic panel were normal.

Focal epilepsy caused by single cerebral cavernous malformation (CCM) is associated with regional and global resting state functional connectivity (FC) disruption.

Epilepsy, including the type with focal onset, is increasingly viewed as a disorder of the brain network. Here we employed the functional connectivity (FC) metrics estimated from the resting state functional MRI (rsfMRI) to investigate the changes of brain network associated with focal epilepsy caused by single cerebral cavernous malformation (CCM). Eight CCM subjects and 21 age and gender matched controls were enrolled in the study.

Occurrence and seasonality of aflatoxin M1 in milk in two different climate zones.

Background: Aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) is a mycotoxin found in milk as a result of the ingestion of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) by dairy cattle. Because of its carcinogenic properties, the control of its occurrence in dairy products is of great importance. We evaluated the occurrence and seasonality of AFM1 in milk from farms with subtropical and temperate climates, where significant milk production occurs.

Inactivation of foodborne microorganisms using engineered water nanostructures (EWNS).

Foodborne diseases caused by the consumption of food contaminated with pathogenic microorganisms or their toxins have very serious economic and public health consequences. Here, we explored the effectiveness of a recently developed intervention method for inactivation of microorganisms on fresh produce, and food production surfaces. This method utilizes Engineered Water Nanostructures (EWNS) produced by electrospraying of water vapor.

Comparing the volume of gliomas in the brain in FLAIR and post-contrast T1-weighted MRI sequences.

The imaging modality used to diagnose and monitor brain gliomas is magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), with standard protocols including contrast-enhanced T1-weighted and fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) image sequences. Many clinical trials are currently using contrast-enhanced T1-weighted MR image sequences to evaluate tumor response to treatment, but it is our hypothesis that FLAIR sequences will detect higher tumor volumes and, therefore, should be the preferred image sequence for this purpose. In this retrospective study, a volumetric analysis was conducted on the post-contrast T1-weighted and FLAIR MR image sequences of 38 patients with confirmed brain gliomas.

Carcinomatous meningitis secondary to transitional cell bladder cancer.

We report a patient with carcinomatous meningitis secondary to known transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder. The patient presented with multiple focal neurological signs and symptoms. Diagnosis was suggested by magnetic resonance imaging and confirmed by analysis of the cerebrospinal fluid.

Hydatid disease of the central nervous system: a review of literature with an emphasis on Latin American countries.

Objective: To provide an up to date review of the epidemiology, etiology, treatment and prevention of hydatid cyst of the central nervous system, with an emphasis in South American countries.

Methods: We searched the PubMed databases for articles containing the terms 'hydatid cyst' and 'nervous system'.

Results: We found and reviewed 303 articles and their related references.

Management of acute ischemic stroke: current status of pharmacological and mechanical endovascular methods.

Objective: To provide the current strategies of acute stroke management using pharmacological and interventional endovascular modalities.

Methods: Review of the literature for publications in English language literature on endovascular pharmacological and mechanical thrombolysis and clot retrieval.

Results: Aggressive management protocols have yielded therapeutic windows for effective reperfusion of ischemic brain in acute cerebral hypoperfusion/stroke.

Creating an IHE ATNA-based audit repository.

Compliance with the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) requires gathering audit information from picture archiving and communications systems (PACS) regarding evidence trails of human interactions. Until recently, most PACS users have had limited access to auditing information. Access required resources to handle manual inspection of audit logs, and access to proprietary databases was not always available.

Pathogenesis of brain and spinal cord atrophy in multiple sclerosis.

For more than a century, multiple sclerosis was viewed as a disease process characterized by oligodendrocyte and myelin loss, and research into the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis was mainly focused on the mechanisms of inflammation. However, with development of more sophisticated neuroimaging and molecular biology techniques, attention has shifted to new aspects of pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis: axonal loss and neurodegeneration. Evidence is increasing that tissue destruction, primarily axonal loss and neurodegeneration, is a key element in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis.

Antimony(III) Oxide Film on a Cellulose Fiber Surface: Preparation and Characterization of the Composite.

Cellulose/antimony(III) oxide composites, Cel/Sb(2)O(3), with oxide loadings of 1.7, 5.4, and 9.