Randomized Controlled Trial Comparing Open Simple Prostatectomy or Prostate Artery Embolization in Large Prostates: Clinical and Urodynamic Assessment - PoPAE Study.

Objective: To evaluate the effects of Prostate artery embolization (PAE) and open simple prostatectomy (OP) on lower urinary tract symptoms and urodynamic parameters in subjects with prostate size >80cc³.

Methods: PoPAE study (OP or PAE) was a randomized, open-label controlled trial performed between January 2020 and May 2022. Subjects with large prostates (>80cc³), urodynamic parameters meeting obstruction criteria (Bladder Outlet Obstruction Index-BOOI>40), and good detrusor function (Bladder contractility index>100) were included.

Severe Soft Tissue Loss on Dorsum of the Foot with Irreparable Hallucis Extensors: An Orthoplastic Reconstruction Case Report.

Case: A motorcycle accident resulted in severe soft tissue loss on the foot's dorsum with irreparable hallucis extensors, with exposure of the first metatarsal and hallux. An arthrodesis of the hallux interphalangeal joint, a transfer of the second toe's extensor digitorum longus, and an anterolateral thigh free flap were performed simultaneously. The patient obtained a fair result and could wear regular shoes.

Crosslinked chitosan microparticles as a safe and efficient DNA carrier for intranasal vaccination against cutaneous leishmaniasis.

Intranasal (i.n.) vaccination with adjuvant-free plasmid DNA encoding the leishmanial antigen LACK (LACK DNA) has shown to induce protective immunity against both cutaneous and visceral leishmaniasis in rodents.

Identification of Immunodominant Proteins of the SubProteome as Pan-Specific Vaccine Targets against Leishmaniasis.

is a wide-spectrum disease caused by parasites from genus. A well-modulated immune response that is established after the long-lasting clinical cure of leishmaniasis can represent a standard requirement for a vaccine. Previous studies demonstrated that causes benign disease and its antigens induce well-modulated immune responses in vitro.

The importance of inflammatory biomarkers in non-specific acute and chronic low back pain: a systematic review.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to systematically review the evidence on inflammatory biomarkers as analytic predictors of non-specific low back pain (NsLBP). Low back pain (LBP) is the number one cause of disability globally, posing a major health problem that causes an enormous social and economic burden, and there is an increasing interest on the importance of biomarkers in quantifying and even emerge as potential therapeutic tools to LBP.

Methods: A systematic search was conducted on July 2022 in Cochrane Library, MEDLINE and Web of Science for all the available literature.

Clinical and Urodynamic results of the Argus T® sling in moderate and severe male stress urinary incontinence after radical prostatectomy - a 5 year prospective study.

Purpose: Sling as a therapeutic option for male stress urinary incontinence (SUI) has been reviewed in the last two decades, as it is a relatively simpliest surgery compared to artificial urinary sphincter and has the ability to modulate urethral compression. This study aims to evaluate the efficacy, rate of complications, quality of life and the effects on bladder emptying of the Argus T® compressive and ajustable sling in moderate and severe male SUI treatment.

Materials And Methods: Men eligible for stress urinary incontinence treatment after radical prostatectomy were recruited and prospectively evaluated, from March 2010 to November 2016.

Barriers and facilitators for safe sex behaviors in students from universidad de Santiago de Chile (USACH) through the COM-B model.

Background: Unsafe sex is one of the main morbidity and mortality risk factors associated with sexually transmitted infections (STIs) in young people. Behavioral change interventions for promoting safe sex have lacked specificity and theoretical elements about behavior in their designs, which may have affected the outcomes for HIV/AIDS and STI prevention, as well as for safe sex promotion. This study offers an analysis of the barriers and facilitators that, according to the university students who participated in the focus groups, impede or promote the success of interventions promoting healthy sexuality from the perspective of the actions stakeholders should undertake.

Multiple contiguous spinous process fractures, a case report and literature review.

Contiguous spinous process fractures are an extremely rare event with only a few cases described in the literature. They are usually stable lesions treated with analgesic medication, immobilization, physical activity restriction for 4 to 6 weeks and close surveillance. These fractures appear to have a significant risk of nonunion, despite the good reported results.

Increased levels of cortisol are associated with the severity of experimental visceral leishmaniasis in a Leishmania (L.) infantum-hamster model.

Background: Several infectious diseases are associated with hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis disorders by elevating circulating glucocorticoids (GCs), which are known to have an immunosuppressive potential. We conducted this study in golden hamsters, a suitable model for human visceral leishmaniasis (VL), to investigate the relationship of Leishmania (L.) infantum infection on cortisol production and VL severity.

Surgical risk factors associated with the development of adjacent segment pathology in the lumbar spine.

Adjacent segment pathology (ASP) is a major cause of disability, and the recognition of the surgical risk factors associated with the development of this condition is essential for its prevention.Different surgical approaches, from decompression without fusion to non-instrumented and instrumented fusion, have distinct contributions to the development of ASP.Although motion-preservation procedures could reduce the prevalence of ASP, these are also associated with a higher percentage of complications.

Patient-Related Risk Factors for the Development of Lumbar Spine Adjacent Segment Pathology.

Objectives: Individual risk factors for the development of adjacent segment pathology (ASP) need to be investigated and identified to address possible modifiable factors in advance and improve outcomes and reduce medical costs. This study aimed to review the literature regarding patient-related risk factors and sagittal alignment parameters associated with ASP development.

Methods: The authors performed an extensive review of the literature addressing the objectives mentioned earlier.

Efficacy of Hounsfield Units Measured by Lumbar Computer Tomography on Bone Density Assessment: A Systematic Review.

Study Design: Systematic review.

Objective: This work aimed to compare the Hounsfield units (HU) value obtained from computed tomography and the t score of dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) in the prediction of the lumbar spine bone mineral density (BMD).

Summary Of Background Data: Several reports have found a correlation between HU and BMD values based on DXA.

A Cytokine Network Balance Influences the Fate of Infection in a Cutaneous Leishmaniasis Hamster Model.

The golden hamster is a suitable model for studying cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) due to ()  Immunopathological mechanisms are well established in the -mouse model, in which IL-4 instructs a Th2 response towards progressive infection. In the present study, we evaluated the natural history of   infection from its first stages up to lesion establishment, with the aim of identifying immunological parameters associated with the disease outcome and parasitism fate. To this end, hamsters infected with 10, 10, or 10 promastigotes were monitored during the first hours (4h, 24h), early (15 days, 30 days) and late (50 days) post-infection (pi) phases.

Lopinavir/Ritonavir: A Review of Analytical Methodologies for the Drug Substances, Pharmaceutical Formulations and Biological Matrices.

Lopinavir/ritonavir is a potent coformulation of protease inhibitors used against HIV infection. Lopinavir is the main responsible for viral load suppression, whereas ritonavir is a pharmacokinetic enhancer. Both of them have recently gained relevance as candidate drugs against severe coronavirus disease (COVID-19).

Leishmania (V.) braziliensis infection promotes macrophage autophagy by a LC3B-dependent and BECLIN1-independent mechanism.

Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis is one of the main etiological agents of tegumentary leishmaniasis in Latin America. The establishment of a successful infection in host cells requires several key events including phagocytosis, phagolysosomal maturation impairment, and parasite replication. Autophagy is accountable for the physiological turnover of cellular organelles, degradation of macromolecular structures, and pathogen elimination.

Ezetimibe: A Review of Analytical Methods for the Drug Substance, Pharmaceutical Formulations and Biological Matrices.

Ezetimibe (EZM) is a selective inhibitor of the sterol transporter Niemann-Pick C1-Like 1 in the small intestine used as an adjunctive therapy to lower cholesterol levels in cases of hyperlipidemia. The goal of this work was to summarize the main physical-chemical, pharmacological and pharmacokinetic characteristics of EZM, as well as to describe the main analytical methodologies for the quantification of the drug. Methods described in the United States Pharmacopeia for EZM raw material and tablets were also presented.

Rotigotine: A Review of Analytical Methods for the Raw Material, Pharmaceutical Formulations, and Its Impurities.

Background: Rotigotine is a dopaminergic agonist developed for the treatment of Parkinson's disease and restless leg syndrome. The pure levorotatory enantiomer is marketed in several countries as a transdermal patch. Reports of oxidation and instability in a previous formulation indicate the need to evaluate impurities in both the raw material and pharmaceutical dosage forms of rotigotine to ensure product quality.

SARS-CoV-2 infection causes pulmonary shunt by vasodilatation.

Patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) may present a significant hypoxemia. The exactly mechanism of such hypoxemia in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is not well described. It has been suggested that microthrombosis contributes to this mechanism, increasing pulmonary dead space.

Forced degradation studies of norepinephrine and epinephrine from dental anesthetics: Development of stability-indicating HPLC method and in silico toxicity evaluation.

Injectable solutions containing epinephrine (EPI) and norepinephrine (NE) are not stable, and their degradation is favored mainly by the oxidation of catechol moiety. As studies of these drugs under forced degradation conditions are scarce, herein, we report the identification of their degradation products (DP) in anesthetic formulations by the development of stability-indicating HPLC method. Finally, the risk assessment of the major degradation products was evaluated using in silico toxicity approach.

Development of USP Apparatus 3 Dissolution Method with IVIVC for Extended Release Tablets of Metformin Hydrochloride and Development of a Generic Formulation.

Metformin is a euglycemic drug for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus. To date, there are 13 dissolution methodologies described in the U.S.

Sensitive detection of topiramate degradation products by high-performance liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization mass spectrometry using ion-pairing reagents and polarity switching.

Rationale: The chromatographic analysis of topiramate and its degradation products is challenging due to the absence of chromophoric moieties in their structures, the wide polarity range of the compounds and their ionization differences. This work proposes two new mass spectrometry approaches for evaluating these analytes.

Methods: Based on the calculated experimental limit of detection (LOD), a highly sensitive high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) paired-ion electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (PIESI-MS) method was developed for the determination of topiramate inorganic degradation products.