Nutritional Modulation of the Gut-Brain Axis: A Comprehensive Review of Dietary Interventions in Depression and Anxiety Management.

Mental health is an increasing topic of focus since more than 500 million people in the world suffer from depression and anxiety. In this multifactorial disorder, parameters such as inflammation, the state of the microbiota and, therefore, the patient's nutrition are receiving more attention. In addition, food products are the source of many essential ingredients involved in the regulation of mental processes, including amino acids, neurotransmitters, vitamins, and others.

Amenable Mortality in Children under 5: An Indicator for Identifying Inequalities in Healthcare Delivery: A Review.

Universal health coverage has been proposed as a strategy to improve health in low- and middle-income countries, but this depends on a good provision of health services. Under-5 mortality (U5M) reflects the quality of health services, and its reduction has been a milestone in modern society, reducing global mortality rates by more than two-thirds between 1990 and 2020. However, despite these impressive achievements, they are still insufficient, and most deaths in children under 5 can be prevented with the provision of timely and high-quality health services.

Evolutionary Echoes: A Four-Day Fasting and Low-Caloric Intake Study on Autonomic Modulation and Physiological Adaptations in Humans.

This study evaluates the psychophysiological response to a simulated hunter-gatherer endurance task with restricted caloric intake over four days. It assesses changes in body composition, autonomic modulation, and physical and cognitive performance. Participants underwent daily 8 h fasted walks followed by a 150 kcal meal to replicate hunter-gatherer activity and dietary patterns.

Sporting Mind: The Interplay of Physical Activity and Psychological Health.

The symbiotic relationship between sports practice and psychological well-being has, in recent times, surged to the forefront of academic and public attention. The aim of this narrative review is to comprehensively explore the intricate pathways linking physical engagement in sports to its subsequent impacts on mental health and synthesize the multifarious effects of sports on psychological health, offering insights for integrating physical and psychological strategies to enhance well-being. From neurobiological underpinnings to therapeutic applications, this comprehensive manuscript provides an in-depth dive into the multifaceted world of sports and psychology.

Basis of preventive and non-pharmacological interventions in asthma.

Asthma is one of the most common atopic disorders in all stages of life. Its etiology is likely due to a complex interaction between genetic, environmental, and lifestyle factors. Due to this, different non-pharmacological interventions can be implemented to reduce or alleviate the symptoms caused by this disease.

The Impact of Anorexia Nervosa and the Basis for Non-Pharmacological Interventions.

Anorexia nervosa is a psychiatric disorder with an unknown etiology that is characterized by an individual's preoccupation with their weight and body structure while denying the severity of their low body weight. Due to the fact that anorexia nervosa is multifaceted and may indicate the coexistence of genetic, social, hormonal, and psychiatric disorders, a description of non-pharmacological interventions can be used to ameliorate or reduce the symptoms of this condition. Consequently, the purpose of the present narrative review is to describe the profile's context in the anorexic person as well as the support they would require from their family and environment.

The Role of Adipokines in Health and Disease.

Adipokines are cell-signaling proteins secreted by adipose tissue that has been related to a low-grade state of inflammation and different pathologies. The present review aims to analyze the role of adipokines in health and disease in order to understand the important functions and effects of these cytokines. For this aim, the present review delves into the type of adipocytes and the cytokines produced, as well as their functions; the relations of adipokines in inflammation and different diseases such as cardiovascular, atherosclerosis, mental diseases, metabolic disorders, cancer, and eating behaviors; and finally, the role of microbiota, nutrition, and physical activity in adipokines is discussed.

Social Media, Anxiety and COVID-19 Lockdown Measurement Compliance.

The aim of the present research was to analyze the effect of anxiety levels during the COVID-19 pandemic in the use of social media and compliance with lockdown measures during the confinement. A total of 1723 participants (32.1% males and 77.

Artificial intelligence and discrete-event simulation for capacity management of intensive care units during the Covid-19 pandemic: A case study.

The Covid-19 pandemic has pushed the Intensive Care Units (ICUs) into significant operational disruptions. The rapid evolution of this disease, the bed capacity constraints, the wide variety of patient profiles, and the imbalances within health supply chains still represent a challenge for policymakers. This paper aims to use Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Discrete-Event Simulation (DES) to support ICU bed capacity management during Covid-19.

Metabolic Health, Mitochondrial Fitness, Physical Activity, and Cancer.

Cancer continues to be a significant global health issue. Traditional genetic-based approaches to understanding and treating cancer have had limited success. Researchers are increasingly exploring the impact of the environment, specifically inflammation and metabolism, on cancer development.

Behavioral Patterns of Depression Patients and Control Population.

Behavioral and multifactorial factors, such as psychological, nutritional, dental pathology, and physical activity habits, are factors that control depression. The objective of the present study was to analyze the differences in the behavioral, psychological, nutritional, dental pathology, and physical activity patterns of the depressed and control population. Forty-eight participants with depression (45.

Infancy Dietary Patterns, Development, and Health: An Extensive Narrative Review.

Correct dietary patterns are important for a child's health from birth to adulthood. Understanding a child's health as a state of entire physical, mental, and social well-being is essential. However, reaching adulthood in a complete health proper state is determined by feeding and dietary habits during preconception, pregnancy, or children infancy.

Mis-Dis Information in COVID-19 Health Crisis: A Narrative Review.

Background: In this narrative review, we address the COVID-19 pandemic mis-dis information crisis in which healthcare systems have been pushed to their limits, with collapses occurring worldwide. The context of uncertainty has resulted in skepticism, confusion, and general malaise among the population. Informing the public has been one of the major challenges during this pandemic.

Nutritional and Exercise Interventions in Cancer-Related Cachexia: An Extensive Narrative Review.

One of the common traits found in cancer patients is malnutrition and cachexia, which affects between 25% to 60% of the patients, depending on the type of cancer, diagnosis, and treatment. Given the lack of current effective pharmacological solutions for low muscle mass and sarcopenia, holistic interventions are essential to patient care, as well as exercise and nutrition. Thus, the present narrative review aimed to analyze the nutritional, pharmacological, ergonutritional, and physical exercise strategies in cancer-related cachexia.

A fuzzy hybrid decision-making framework for increasing the hospital disaster preparedness: The colombian case.

The recent increase in the number of disasters over the world has once again brought to the agenda the question of preparedness of the hospitals, which are the most necessary units of healthcare pillar to resist these disasters. The COVID-19 epidemic disease, which has affected the whole world, has caused a large number of people to die in some countries simply because of the inadequate and incomplete planning and lack of readiness of hospitals. For this reason, determining the disaster preparedness level of hospitals is an important issue that needs to be studied and it is important in terms of disaster damage reduction.

The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Mental Disorders. A Critical Review.

The COVID-19 pandemic has impacted the lives of the worldwide population. Citizens suffer the social, economic, physiological, and psychological effects of this pandemic. Primary sources, scientific articles, and secondary bibliographic indexes, databases, and web pages were used for a consensus critical review.

Performance of Fuzzy Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis of Emergency System in COVID-19 Pandemic. An Extensive Narrative Review.

The actual coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has led to the limit of emergency systems worldwide, leading to the collapse of health systems, police, first responders, as well as other areas. Various ways of dealing with this world crisis have been proposed from many aspects, with fuzzy multi-criteria decision analysis being a method that can be applied to a wide range of emergency systems and professional groups, aiming to confront several associated issues and challenges. The purpose of this critical review was to discuss the basic principles, present current applications during the first pandemic wave, and propose future implications of this methodology.

Evaluation of hospital disaster preparedness by a multi-criteria decision making approach: The case of Turkish hospitals.

Considering the unexpected emergence of natural and man-made disasters over the world and Turkey, the importance of preparedness of hospitals, which are the first reference points for people to get healthcare services, becomes clear. Determining the level of disaster preparedness of hospitals is an important and necessary issue. This is because identifying hospitals with low level of preparedness is crucial for disaster preparedness planning.

Implementation of clinical practice guidelines for the timely detection and diagnosis of eating disorders in adolescents and adults in the outpatient and priority department of a public psychiatric hospital in Colombia.

Objective: To implement clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) for the timely detection and diagnosis of eating disorders in adolescents and adults in the priority outpatient department of a public psychiatric hospital in Barranquilla, Colombia. Barriers to access to the implemented guidelines were identified.

Methods: For the identification of evidence-based CPGs to be implemented, systematic searches were carried out in international databases of development agencies or compilers of clinical practice guidelines, and in databases that contained scientific literature on issues related to eating disorders.

Dynamics of Population Immunity Due to the Herd Effect in the COVID-19 Pandemic.

The novel Coronavirus 2 Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS-Cov-2) has led to the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, which has surprised health authorities around the world, quickly producing a global health crisis. Different actions to cope with this situation are being developed, including confinement, different treatments to improve symptoms, and the creation of the first vaccines. In epidemiology, herd immunity is presented as an area that could also solve this new global threat.

Seroreactivity and prevalence of syphilis in donors at a blood bank in Barranquilla, Colombia.

Introduction: Syphilis is a public health concern given its high impact on morbidity and mortality. Objective: We aimed to determine the association of syphilis seroreactivity and seroprevalence with sociodemographic variables of donors at a blood bank in the district of Barranquilla, Colombia, during 2015 and 2016. Materials and methods: We conducted a descriptive cross-sectional study based on the results of the treponemal and nontreponemal tests and the sociodemographic variables of the study population.