The evolving epidemiology of rotavirus A infection in Brazil a decade after the introduction of universal vaccination with Rotarix®.

Background: Brazil introduced the monovalent rotavirus vaccine (Rotarix®) in 2006. This study aimed to assess the epidemiology and genotype distribution of species-A rotavirus (RVA) in Brazil, comparing the pre- and post-vaccination periods.

Methods: Laboratory-based RVA surveillance included 866 municipalities in 22 Brazilian states, over a 21-year period.

Rotavirus diarrhea in children and adults in a southern city of Brazil in 2003: distribution of G/P types and finding of a rare G12 strain.

Between May and August in 2003, a total of 251 fecal samples were collected from children and adults with diarrhea (5 inpatients and 246 outpatients) at a private hospital in the city of Ponta Grossa, the state of Paraná, Brazil. Group A rotavirus was detected in 71 of 251 (28.3%) specimens: 55 (77.

Rotavirus surveillance in the city of Rio de Janeiro-Brazil during 2000-2004: detection of unusual strains with G8P[4] or G10P[9] specificities.

Rotavirus diarrhea is a potentially life-threatening disease that affects millions of children annually around the world. Because protection against rotavirus disease is thought to be type specific, continuous rotavirus surveillance before and after implementation of a vaccine is still of essential importance. Rotavirus surveillance has been conducted in the city of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil since 1982.

Predominance of rotavirus genotype G9 during the 1999, 2000, and 2002 seasons among hospitalized children in the city of Salvador, Bahia, Brazil: implications for future vaccine strategies.

Two hundred eight of 648 (32%) diarrheal stool samples collected from hospitalized children under 5 years of age during a 3-year period (1999, 2000, and 2002) in the city of Salvador, in the state of Bahia, Brazil, were rotavirus positive. One hundred sixty-four of 208 (78.8%) rotavirus-positive samples had genotype G9 specificity, predominantly in association with P[8].

Genotyping of enteric adenoviruses by using single-stranded conformation polymorphism analysis and heteroduplex mobility assay.

Single-stranded conformation polymorphism (SSCP) analysis and heteroduplex mobility assays (HMAs) were used to identify and genotype enteric adenoviruses (EAd). The results were compared to those of restriction endonuclease assays, species-specific PCRs, and direct nucleotide sequence analyses. Of the 31 stool samples tested, 15 isolates were identified as EAd and 7 were identified as nonenteric Ad by all methods.

Surveillance of rotavirus strains in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, from 1997 to 1999.

One hundred fifty-seven (23%; n = 678) rotavirus-positive stool samples were collected between March 1997 and December 1999 in the cites of Rio de Janeiro and Niterói. Rotaviruses in 143 (91%) samples were genotyped by reverse transcription-PCR for G and/or P specificity. Rotaviruses in the majority of G-P-typeable samples (73.

VP7 gene polymorphism of serotype G9 rotavirus strains and its impact on G genotype determination by PCR.

Rotaviruses are the single most important etiologic agents of severe diarrhea of infants and young children worldwide. Surveillance of rotavirus serotypes/genotypes (both VP7[G] and VP4[P]) is in progress globally in which polymerase chain reaction (PCR) has been the assay of choice. We investigated polymorphism of the VP7 gene of serotype G9 rotavirus strains and its impact on the determination of VP7 gene genotype by PCR assay.

VP7 gene polymorphism of serotype G9 rotavirus strains and its impact on G genotype determination by PCR.

Rotaviruses are the single most important etiologic agents of severe diarrhea of infants and young children worldwide. Surveillance of rotavirus serotypes/genotypes (both VP7[G] and VP4[P]) is in progress globally in which polymerase chain reaction (PCR) has been the assay of choice. We investigated polymorphism of the VP7 gene of serotype G9 rotavirus strains and its impact on the determination of VP7 gene genotype by PCR assay.

Prevalence of enteric adenoviruses among children with diarrhea in four Brazilian cities.

Background: Enteric adenoviruses are related to child diarrhea and appear to be spread worldwide.

Objectives: The aim of the present study was to determine the prevalence of enteric adenovirus infection among children in four Brazilian cities.

Study Design: stool specimens were collected from children under 5 years of age with acute diarrhea.