Potential Risk Factors for Ocular Pain in Patients Undergoing Multiple Intravitreal Injections of Anti-Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor.

Purpose: To assess ocular pain in patients undergoing multiple intravitreal injections of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) who have previous factors that may influence pain sensitivity.

Methodology: This is a prospective, observational, case series study involving patients who underwent multiple (≥3) pro re nata intravitreal injections of ranibizumab or aflibercept to treat any cause of chorioretinal vascular disease. Ocular pain was assessed by the numerical analog scale during intravitreal injection.

Branch retinal artery occlusion with paracentral acute middle maculopathy related to a COVID-19 infection in a patient with Anosmia.

Purpose: To report a case of paracentral acute middle maculopathy (PAMM) due to branch retinal artery occlusion (BRAO) as a complication of COVID-19.

Methods: A case report evaluated through spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT), fluorescein angiography, and OCT angiography.

Results: A 55-year-old man complained of blurred vision in the right eye.

Retinal microvascular abnormalities, cotton wool-like lesions, and macular edema following COVID-19 in a patient previously vaccinated with AstraZeneca and idiopathic myopathy.

In this case study, the authors describe peculiar bilateral cotton wool-like retinal lesions associated with macular edema in a patient with COVID-19 who was vaccinated with a single dose of AstraZeneca one month earlier. This patient had no pulmonary or systemic cardiovascular complications from COVID-19, as reported in other papers that found retinal lesions. However, the patient was diagnosed with idiopathic myopathy when discovering the SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Transient central retina artery occlusion in patients undergoing intravitreal anti vegf injections.

Purpose: To evaluate the occurrence of transient central retinal artery occlusion following intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor injection.

Methods: Prospective, observational study of 807 patients (807 eyes) who were given intravitreal injections of ranibizumab or aflibercept to treat any cause of retinal vascular diseases between 1 January 2017 and 30 November 2018 at the Federal Fluminense University Hospital in Niteroi, and a private facility in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Patients who did not present transient central retinal artery occlusion were excluded.

The Central Subfoveal Bouquet in Idiopathic Epiretinal Membranes.

Purpose: To report both the unoperated clinical course and the surgical outcomes of eyes with a central foveal bouquet (CB) secondary to idiopathic epiretinal membranes (iERMs).

Design: Retrospective, consecutive, and observational case series.

Methods: All patients examined between January 1, 2014, and December 31, 2019, for evaluation of epiretinal membrane with a CB lesion identified on spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) were included.

Treatment of Radiation Retinopathy with Intravitreal Injection of Ranibizumab (Lucentis).

To report a treatment of radiation retinopathy in a patient exposed to ionizing radiation for a period of 2 years. A 26-year-old female patient with no comorbidities diagnosed with myelodysplasia confirmed by bone marrow biopsy. She presented a complaint of bilateral progressive visual acuity reduction.

The Clinical Course of Patients with Idiopathic Epiretinal Membranes and Good Visual Acuity Managed Without Surgery.

Background/aims: To report the clinical course of patients with idiopathic epiretinal membranes (iERMs) and good baseline best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) managed without surgical treatment.

Methods: Retrospective, observational case series of patients with iERMs and 20/50 or better BCVA who did not undergo surgery between January 2014 and December 2017 with a 1-year follow-up. Secondary epiretinal membranes were excluded.

Diathermy for 23-gauge sclerotomy: a functional and morphologic study to avoid ocular hypotony.

Purpose: To evaluate diathermy to minimize sclerotomy leakage during small-gauge vitrectomy and prevent ocular hypotony.

Methods: This observational prospective study included 327 patients (327 eyes) who underwent diathermy to close the sclerotomy sites during 23-gauge pars plana vitrectomy (PPV). All patients were operated by a single surgeon (ED) and evaluated at 30 and 60 days postoperatively.

Comparative study of the clinical profile of chronic dacryocystitis and chronic rhinosinusitis after external dacryocystorhinostomy.

Purpose: To compare the clinical profile of patients with chronic dacryocystitis (CDC) with and without associated chronic rhinosinusopathies who had been submitted to external dacryocystorhinostomy (EDCR).

Methods: This was a retrospective, observational, and longitudinal study that included all patients diagnosed with CDC who were submitted to EDCR at the Antonio Pedro University Hospital. Patients were divided into two groups, with and without rhinosinusopathies (Group I and Group II, respectively).

Outer Retinal Tubulation and Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration: A Review of the Pathogenesis and Clinical Implications.

Outer retinal tubulation (ORT) is a retinal finding that can mimic intraretinal fluid and has been identified with spectral-domain optical coherence tomography in patients with age-related macular degeneration (AMD). The purpose of this review is to summarize the findings related to the pathogenesis of ORT and its clinical implications. Studies reporting the pathogenesis and the clinical implications of ORT in patients with AMD were identified and summarized.

Scleral wound healing with cross-link technique using riboflavin and ultraviolet A on rabbit eyes.

Purpose: The aim of study was to evaluate the cross-link using riboflavin and ultraviolet A (UVA) for improving scleral wound healing.

Materials And Methods: This was an experimental study involving four New Zealand rabbits (eight eyes). Therapy procedure was chosen for the right eye and control procedure for the left one.

Comparative electrophysiological responses in anisometropic and strabismic amblyopic children.

Purpose: To compare anisometropic hypermetropic amblyopic and strabismic amblyopic responses to pattern electroretinogram (PERG) and pattern visual evocated potential (PVEP).

Materials And Methods: Fifty-six patients - 18 hypermetropic anisometropic amblyopic children (mean age 9.70±2.

Ocular diseases at geriatric clinics in Rio de Janeiro: social and epidemiological considerations among patients with motor locomotion deficit.

Objective: To identify the causes of low visual acuity and systemic morbidities that limit ambulation and access to eye care in geriatric clinics in Rio de Janeiro.

Methods: This cross-sectional study evaluated 187 patients from three geriatric clinics in Rio de Janeiro between January 2010 and January 2011. The inclusion criteria were individuals with a visual acuity of less than of equal to 20/200 in either eye (118 individuals), without optical correction.

Leuconostoc as a Cause of Endophthalmitis Post-intravitreal Injection of Ranibizumab.

Purpose: The authors report a case of endophthalmitis after intravitreal injection of ranibizumab.

Methods: After searching for extensive laboratory tests to isolate the etiologic agent Results: The agent was determined as Leuconostoc mesenteroides, gram-positive cocci, vancomycin resistant.

Discussion: Considerations regarding this bacterium were done by calling attention to its rarity, difficulty of isolation, and action on secondary comorbidities as opportunistic pathogen.

Emphysema following vitrectomy with fluid-gas exchange: description of a rare complication.

Purpose: To report a case of subcutaneous emphysema involving the orbit, mediastinum, and face after pars plana vitrectomy with fluid-gas exchange.

Methods: Case report of a 55-year-old man who presented with bilateral eyelid and face edema and dysphagia in the immediate postoperative period after pars plana vitrectomy. Orbital and chest computed tomographies were performed, revealing emphysema of the orbit and soft tissue of the face, extending from the neck to the upper chest.

Scleral buckling surgery and eye pain: assessment of chronic eye pain during the postoperative period of scleral buckling surgery.

Purpose: To assess the progression of eye pain after scleral buckling surgery to treat rhegmatogenous retinal detachment and to investigate the occurrence and characteristics of chronic eye pain.

Methods: This was a longitudinal, prospective, and observational study. Eye pain was measured according to a numerical analog scale (range, 0-10) for 6 months after scleral buckling surgery.

Anterior uveitis after treatment of hepatitis C with alpha interferon: the recurrence of a previous inflammatory process due to presumed ocular toxocariasis.

Objective: To report a case of recurrent unilateral presumed ocular toxocariasis after treatment of hepatitis C.

Design: Case study.

Methods: Clinical findings, ultrasonography, computed tomography, and serological tests were performed.

Combined hamartoma of the retina and retinal pigment epithelium associated with optic coloboma.

The authors relate an uncommon case of combined hamartoma of the retina and retinal pigment epithelium associated with optic coloboma.

Pyogenic granuloma after retinal detachment surgery with scleral buckle: case report.

The authors relate an uncommon case of pyogenic granuloma restricted to tarsal conjunctiva post retinopexy with scleral buckle.