Divergent expression of MUC5AC, MUC6, MUC2, CD10, and CDX-2 in dysplasia and intramucosal adenocarcinomas with intestinal and foveolar morphology: is this evidence of distinct gastric and intestinal pathways to carcinogenesis in Barrett Esophagus?

Dysplasia in Barrett esophagus has been recognized to be morphologically heterogenous, featuring adenomatous, foveolar, and hybrid phenotypes. Recent studies have suggested a tumor suppressor role for CDX-2 in the metaplasia-dysplasia-carcinoma sequence. The phenotypic stability and role of CDX-2 in the neoplastic progression of different types of dysplasias have not been evaluated.

Early gastric neoplasia: diagnosis and implications.

Early gastric neoplasia, which includes dysplasia and adenocarcinoma invading no more than the submucosa have been the subject of numerous studies in recent years. For example, different dysplastic phenotypes have been identified, in addition to the traditional adenomatous type, foveolar, pyloric, and tubule-neck dysplasia (associated with diffuse type carcinoma) have been recognized. Each subtype of dysplasia shows a different immunohistochemical profile, and may vary in their risk of progression to adenocarcinoma.