Haloperidol-Induced Laryngeal Dystonia: A Case Report on an Antipsychotic-Associated Airway Emergency.

Acute dystonia is a neurological condition characterized by involuntary muscle contractions that can affect various parts of the body. It is commonly triggered by the use of antipsychotic medications, especially within the first few days after administration. Respiratory acute laryngeal dystonia, a particularly severe form of this condition and a very subtype of laryngeal dystonia, can lead to respiratory distress and airway obstruction if not promptly treated.

Psychosis to Pancreatitis: A Case Study Exploring the Risks of Hypertriglyceridemia in a Patient Treated With Olanzapine.

Olanzapine is an antipsychotic medication that is used in the management of schizophrenia and bipolar disorder, but it is not without any adverse effects. We present the following case of a 24-year-old man with a history of schizoaffective disorder, obesity, and anxiety, who developed hypertriglyceridemia-induced acute pancreatitis after six months on olanzapine. Despite his adherence to the medication, routine metabolic monitoring was not performed leading to a delayed diagnosis of hypertriglyceridemia and subsequent complications.

Substance Use Disorder as a Risk Factor for Postpartum Depression: A Retrospective Chart Review in a Community Hospital.

Objective: This retrospective study examines the relationship between postpartum depression (PPD) and substance use disorder (SUD) in a community hospital setting.

Methods: This retrospective chart review explored the association between SUD and PPD in a community hospital. Data from January 2016 to December 2018 were extracted from electronic medical records (EPIC EMR (Epic Systems Corporation, Verona, WI)), identifying mothers with PPD (n = 99) using billing code F53.

Postoperative Altered Mental Status: A Case Report and Diagnostic Dilemma.

Postoperative altered mental status (AMS) is a prevalent and complex issue that poses a significant diagnostic challenge in the clinical setting. Clinical presentation consists of cognitive disturbances that can range from mild confusion to coma. Given the complexity and variability of AMS, each patient requires a careful and thorough evaluation to identify the underlying cause.

Delirious Mania in a 77-Year-Old Female.

Delirium is associated with acute episodes of disturbances in attention and awareness along with changes to cognition, including memory deficits and disorientation. Delirious mania (DM) is an unusual phenomenon where symptoms of delirium co-exist with symptoms of mania such as elevated or irritable mood, grandiosity, agitation, and cognitive disorganization. There is no formal agreement upon clinical symptoms for DM, but it generally includes acute onset of confusion, poor orientation, excitation, restlessness, and delusions.

Multipronged Electronic Health Record Analysis of Antidepressant Effectiveness on Depression Remission in Patients With Concurrent Depression and Irritable Bowel Syndrome.

Background Patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) often experience chronic abdominal pain and bowel habit changes, with a heightened risk of depression and anxiety compared to the general population. Methods Using TriNetX data from 61 U.S.

Diagnosing Late-Onset Psychosis in a Medically Complex Patient: A Diagnostic Challenge.

This case report explores various possible causes of late-onset psychosis and highlights the importance of follow-up care. We report the case of a 65-year-old female with minimal available medical history or contacts, who presented to the hospital after being found unconscious after three weeks of strange behaviors, including partition delusions, multiple phone calls and texts to her friend, and lack of sleep. In the following days, she had various symptoms consistent with delirium, psychosis, and mania.

Understanding the Complexity of Early-Onset Dementia.

Dementia, particularly Alzheimer's disease, affects millions globally, with its prevalence increasing notably with age. Early-onset Alzheimer's disease, however, affects individuals under 65 years old. Unfortunately, diagnosing dementia in patients under 65 years old is quite challenging and is often delayed, missed, or wrong.

Urinary Retention Following Methamphetamine and Cannabis Abuse in a 33-Year-Old Male.

Urinary retention is described as an inability to voluntarily empty the bladder, with potential etiologies including mechanical obstruction and neurologic dysfunction. Abused substances like methamphetamine and cannabis can induce this dysfunction. We report a case about a patient with no prior psychiatric history with concomitant methamphetamine and cannabis use, presenting with an acute delirious state and urinary retention.

Agranulocytosis Associated With Psychiatric Polypharmacy: Lessons Learned From a Clinical Case.

Psychiatric polypharmacy involves the use of two or more psychotropic medications to manage a mental and emotional condition. The prevalence of psychotropic polypharmacy has been increasing since the 1990s and has been attributed to the rise in multiple psychiatric conditions presenting in one patient. However, as the prevalence of polypharmacy increases to maximize therapeutic advantages, so does the adverse effect profile of those drugs used in combination, leading to very life-threatening effects such as agranulocytosis.

A Case of 'Neptune's Fix Elixir': The Dangerous Consequences of Unregulated Use of Tianeptine in Over-the-Counter Products.

Tianeptine is an atypical tricyclic antidepressant approved for the treatment of major depressive disorder in some European, Asian, and Latin countries. Along with its serotonergic properties, tianeptine also acts as a full agonist at the mu-opioid receptor, creating sensations of euphoric highs and significant risks of addiction and withdrawal. For this reason, along with increased reports of adverse effects and fatalities, tianeptine has not been approved in the US.

Cognitive Impairment in a 64-Year-Old Male: Dilemmas With Differential Diagnosis for Patients With Dementia.

Dementia is characterized by cognitive impairment and difficulties in executive functioning. It is an umbrella term for different subtypes that should be differentiated using a meticulous review of the patient's history, physical exam, and work-up. Posing difficulties in diagnosis, findings at times may be inconclusive.

Priapism in a 31-Year-Old Male With Paranoid Schizophrenia.

Priapism is a painful and emergent side effect that has been linked to some antipsychotics and other psychiatric medications, most often trazodone. This is thought to be due to some level of alpha-1 adrenergic blockade by these medications. Aripiprazole is an atypical antipsychotic with notably weak alpha-1 adrenergic antagonism.

The Catastrophic Effects of Psychogenic Polydipsia: A Case Report.

Patients with hyponatremia are at risk of severe complications including seizures, coma, and death. Psychiatric patients are particularly susceptible to death from hyponatremia due to the association between psychiatric conditions and psychogenic polydipsia, characterized by water intoxication. We report a case of a schizophrenic patient who presented with altered mental status, leading to a differential diagnosis narrowed through clinical investigations to include hypovolemic hyponatremia, syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH), and psychogenic polydipsia.

Exploring the Link Between Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors and Depression: A Case Study.

This case probes the potential temporal relationship between pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor (PNET) and depression. This patient has chronic symptoms of depression with no formal diagnosis until within a year of doctors suspecting her diagnosis of pancreatic cancer. An excisional biopsy confirmed a grade 1 neuroendocrine tumor (NET) in the pancreas, and postoperative psychiatric consultation confirmed continued elevated depression.

Insights Into the Association Between Myasthenia Gravis and Depression: A Clinical Case Study.

Myasthenia gravis (MG) is a serious and debilitating autoimmune disease characterized by muscle weakness, shortness of breath, and issues affecting the eyes, limbs, throat, and speech. Given the intense physical toll of the disease, it is unsurprising that higher rates of depression are observed among MG patients. We present a case involving a 30-year-old female patient who was admitted to the hospital for MG exacerbation and had a psychiatric consultation for worsening depression symptoms.

Moon Rock Cannabis-Induced Psychosis and New-Onset Seizures in a 20-Year-Old Male.

"Moon rock" cannabis is a type of new and highly potent preparation of cannabis, which is made of a strain of cannabis dipped in hash oil and sprinkled with kief crystals, effectively increasing the concentration of δ-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), the main psychoactive compound in cannabis, well beyond what is naturally found in the cannabis plant. The use of increasingly potent forms of cannabis has far-reaching health implications, including psychiatric and neurologic effects, which are not yet fully understood. This case report summarizes existing knowledge of the association of cannabis use with psychosis and seizures and describes a novel case of "moon rock" cannabis-induced psychosis and new-onset seizures.

Cannabis use and medication nonadherence in bipolar disorder: A nationwide inpatient sample database analysis.

Background: Medication nonadherence among bipolar disorder (BD) is often linked with comorbid substance use disorders. This study aims to investigate cannabis use disorder (CUD) association with medication noncompliance in hospitalized BD patients.

Methods: Using data on 266,303 BD hospitalizations between 2010 and 2014 from the US Nationwide Inpatient Sample database, we obtained medication noncompliance rates stratified by demographics and CUD.

Does Cocaine Use Increase Medication Noncompliance in Bipolar Disorders? A United States Nationwide Inpatient Cross-Sectional Study.

Introduction Medication noncompliance among bipolar disorder (BD) is often linked with comorbid substance use disorders. This study aims to investigate cocaine use (CU) association with medication noncompliance in hospitalized BD patients. Methods Using data on 266,303 BD hospitalizations between 2010-2014 from the US Nationwide Inpatient Sample database, we obtained medication noncompliance rates stratified by demographics and cocaine use.

The Effectiveness of Electroconvulsive Therapy on Catatonia in a Case of Anti-N-Methyl-D-Aspartate (Anti-NMDA) Receptor Encephalitis.

Catatonia is a symptom seen in a variety of neuropsychiatric conditions, including anti-N-Methyl D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) encephalitis. When associated with anti-NMDAR encephalitis, catatonia is resistant to standard therapy. However, electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) has shown promising success in management.

A Retrospective Review of the Clinical Significance of the Outcome Questionnaire (OQ) Measure in Patients at a Psychiatric Adult Partial Hospital Program.

Introduction Outcome Questionnaire (OQ) measure is becoming a more popular assessment tool for monitoring treatment progress in psychiatry at different settings including inpatient and outpatient settings. It can also be used in non-clinical populations. However, little is known about the evaluation of this tool in the Adult Partial Hospital Program (PHP).

Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome After Re-introduction of Atypical Antipsychotics in a COVID-19 Patient.

We present a case of neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS) in a 46-year-old white female from a state psychiatric hospital who also tested positive for coronavirus-2019 (COVID-19) (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2) infection after re-introduction of her home antipsychotics medication. She presented with confusion and altered mental status likely secondary to delirium from COVID-19 infection. Clozapine and risperidone were initially held on admission and restarted after continuing agitation on day two.