Liver magnetic resonance imaging, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and metabolic syndrome risk in pre-pubertal Mexican boys.

Rising global pediatric obesity rates, increase non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and metabolic syndrome (MetS) prevalence, with MetS being a NAFLD risk factor. NAFLD can be asymptomatic, with liver function tests insensitive to mild disease, and liver biopsy, risking complications. Thus, we investigated multiparametric MRI (mpMRI) metrics of liver fat (proton density fat fraction, PDFF) and disease activity (fibro-inflammation; iron-corrected T1, cT1), in a Hispanic pre-pubertal pediatric cohort, with increased risk of NAFLD.

BOLD Activation During the Application of MOXO-CPT in School Patients With and Without Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder.

Introduction: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder that affects 3% of children in the world.

Objective: In this work, we seek to compare the different brain activations of pediatric patients with and without ADHD.

Methods: A functional resonance examination with BOLD contrast was applied using the MOXO-CPT test (Continuous Performance test with single and double visual-auditory distractors).

Cross-sectional evaluation of the association between greenness and cognitive performance in Mexican pre-pubertal boys.

Background: Evidence shows that greenspace exposure benefits children's health and cognitive development. However, evidence assessing this association in young children in low- and middle-income economies is scarce.

Objective: To assess the association between exposure to greenness and cognitive performance in pre-pubertal boys living in Mexico City.

Characterization of cyclic alternating pattern in infants with laryngomalacia.

Objective: Cyclic alternanting pattern (CAP) has been considered a marker of sleep instability in children. The aim of this study was to evaluate the CAP in infants with laryngomalacia.

Material And Methods: CAP were quantified in 15 infants with laryngomalacia (mean age 167.

Compassionate use of Quantum Magnetic Resonance Therapy for treatment of children with Diffuse Brainstem Glioma in Mexico City: a single institutional experience.

Purpose: Diffuse Brainstem Glioma (DBG) is a catastrophic brain tumor with a survival rate of less than 10% two years after diagnosis despite the existence of different treatment protocols. Among the devices that use magnetic fields generated by Magnetic Resonance Imaging is Quantum Magnetic Resonance Therapy (QMRT).

Methods: Five children diagnosed with DBG in our institution in Mexico City underwent treatment of compassionate use with QMRT between December 2018 and July 2019.

The Role of Time as a Prognostic Factor in Pediatric Brain Tumors: a Multivariate Survival Analysis.

There is no evidence that prolonged pre diagnostic symptomatic intervals (PSI) increases the risk of death in pediatric brain tumors. When investigating the role of time previous research had not controlled for confounding variables or measured the pretreatment interval (PTI). We use the term global delay interval (GDI) to describe the sum of PSI and PTI.

Lisdexamfetamine Alters BOLD-fMRI Activations Induced by Odor Cues in Impulsive Children.

Introduction: Lisdexamfetamine (LDX) is a drug used to treat ADHD/impulsive patients. Impulsivity is known to affect inhibitory, emotional and cognitive function. On the other hand, smell and odor processing are known to be affected by neurological disorders, as they are modulators of addictive and impulsive behaviors specifically.

Use of methylphenidate in attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder.

Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez is affiliated with the Cochrane Collaboration. As part of the activities of the Cochrane Center of the Hospital Infantil de México, the use of systematic reviews in health decision making is promoted. With this objective, summaries of Cochrane systematic reviews on relevant topics will be periodically published to support the clinical practice.

Different Food Odors Control Brain Connectivity in Impulsive Children.

Background: Impulsivity is a complex multi-dimensional combination of behaviors which include: ineffective impulse control, premature decision-making and inability to delay gratification.

Objective: The aim of this work was to explore how food odor perception and its emotional value is affected in impulsive children.

Methods: Here we compared two cohorts of impulsive and control children with ages between 10 and 16 years.

Strategies for tonal and atonal musical interpretation in blind and normally sighted children: an fMRI study.

Introduction: Early childhood is known to be a period when cortical plasticity phenomena are at a maximum. Music is a stimulus known to modulate these mechanisms. On the other hand, neurological impairments like blindness are also known to affect cortical plasticity.

Correction: A Multi-Methodological MR Resting State Network Analysis to Assess the Changes in Brain Physiology of Children with ADHD.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.

A multi-methodological MR resting state network analysis to assess the changes in brain physiology of children with ADHD.

The purpose of this work was to highlight the neurological differences between the MR resting state networks of a group of children with ADHD (pre-treatment) and an age-matched healthy group. Results were obtained using different image analysis techniques. A sample of n = 46 children with ages between 6 and 12 years were included in this study (23 per cohort).

Primary central nervous system non-Hodgkin lymphoma in childhood presenting as bilateral optic neuritis.

Introduction: Primary central nervous system lymphoma is a very rare condition in pediatric patients.

Case Report: We describe the case of a 10-year old girl who presented with acute bilateral vision impairment. At the time of presentation, the only positive finding was optic disk swelling, and the brain MRI scan was normal.