Hemorrhagic colloid cyst of the third ventricle: A rare cause of colloid cyst growth and progressive hydrocephalus. Case report.

Introduction: Acute spontaneous bleeding within a colloid cyst of the third ventricle is extremely rare. Accordingly, is difficult to establish reliable prognostic factors, risk factors for obstructive hydrocephalus remain poorly defined, and there are no standard management strategies.

Case Presentation: 19-Year-old man with a colloid cyst of the third ventricle causing obstructive hydrocephalus is described, initially treated with partial endoscopic removal and ventriculo-peritoneal shunt placement.

Spinal extradural arteriovenous fistula with intradural drainage: three surgical cases with long-term follow-up.

Spinal extradural arteriovenous fistulas (SEDAVF) with intradural drainage are uncommon vascular lesions that cause venous congestive myelopathy. We present three SEDAVF with intradural drainage treated with surgical disconnection of the intradural drainage via a single level laminectomy, followed by transarterial embolization (TAE) with Onyx if spontaneous thrombosis of the extradural fistula did not occur spontaneously. All patients improved their neurological condition and no congestive myelopathy recurrence was noted after mean follow-up of 84 months.