Engineering high-gravity fermentations for ethanol production at elevated temperature with Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

Thermal damage, high osmolarity, and ethanol toxicity in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae limit titer and productivity in fermentation to produce ethanol. We show that long-term adaptive laboratory evolution at 39.5°C generates thermotolerant yeast strains, which increased ethanol yield and productivity by 10% and 70%, in 2% glucose fermentations.

ECG manifestations in submassive and massive pulmonary embolism. Report of 4 cases and review of literature.

ECG findings suggestive of right ventricular (RV) hemodynamic derangement, in the appropriate clinical setting, can lead to further diagnostic consideration and earlier institution of treatment, aiming to decrease the high morbidity and mortality associated with submassive and massive pulmonary embolism (PE). In this paper, we review 4 cases with chest computed tomography (CT) confirmed PE with their respective ECG findings. In all the cases patients had an RV strain pattern on ECG, although in different clinical scenarios, including one with an initial diagnosis of acute coronary syndrome (ACS).