A Review on Friction Stir Welding of Copper: Tool Geometry, Process Parameters, and Joint Properties.

This paper comprehensively reviews friction stir welding (FSW) as applied to copper and its alloys. FSW is a solid-state joining process that offers significant advantages over traditional fusion welding methods, particularly for materials like copper that are difficult to weld conventionally due to their high thermal conductivity and oxidation issues. Over time, the FSW process has been developed for different industries.

Analysis of Face Milling of Hard Steel 55NiCrMoV7 by Studying Rough and Semi-Finished Machining and the Influence of Cutting Parameters on Macroscopic Chip Dimensions.

Hard milling is being increasingly used as an alternative to EDM due to its high productivity. The present paper presents the results of theoretical-experimental research on the face milling of hard steel 55NiCrMoV7. A comprehensive analysis of cutting temperatures and forces during single-tooth milling and a morphological examination of the resulting chips are conducted for roughing and semi-finishing operations.