Polishing methods for composites restoration: the influence on human gingival fibroblasts behaviour.

Background: Carious/Non-carious cervical lesions with gingival recessions may require both dental and periodontal reconstructive therapy, where flaps/grafts may be placed in contact with a dental filling material. Human Gingival Fibroblasts (HGF-1) response during the early phase of healing could vary according to the procedures employed to cure the dental composite. Moreover, oxygen diffusion into dental composite inhibits the polymerization reaction, creating an oxygen-inhibited layer (OIL) that presents residual unreacted monomers.

Relationship between periodontal disease and obstructive sleep apnea in adults: A systematic review.

The purpose of this systematic review was to evaluate whether there are scientific evidence regarding the association between periodontitis and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in adults. An electronic search was performed on MEDLINE/PubMed for prospective and retrospective longitudinal studies, cohort studies, and case-control studies conducted in human adults affected by both OSA and periodontitis. Two reviewers extracted the data using a custom Excel spreadsheet.

Awareness and attitude among general dentists and orthodontists toward obstructive sleep apnea in children.

Aim: This study aimed to investigate Italian dentists' knowledge of and attitudes toward obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in children.

Methods: An anonymous questionnaire was prepared using Google Forms and sent to dentists in Italy through private social platforms. The first part of the questionnaire contained basic demographic data questions, and the second part included items about pediatric OSA.

Silk Fibroin Materials: Biomedical Applications and Perspectives.

The golden rule in tissue engineering is the creation of a synthetic device that simulates the native tissue, thus leading to the proper restoration of its anatomical and functional integrity, avoiding the limitations related to approaches based on autografts and allografts. The emergence of synthetic biocompatible materials has led to the production of innovative scaffolds that, if combined with cells and/or bioactive molecules, can improve tissue regeneration. In the last decade, silk fibroin (SF) has gained attention as a promising biomaterial in regenerative medicine due to its enhanced bio/cytocompatibility, chemical stability, and mechanical properties.

Thermal-induced hydrophilicity enhancement of titanium dental implant surfaces.

Titanium surface characteristics, including microtopography, chemical composition, and wettability, are essential features to achieve osseointegration of dental implants, but the choice of a particular surface topography is still a debated topic among clinicians. An increased level of implant surface hydrophilicity has been demonstrated to ameliorate osseointegration and shorten healing times. The aim of this work is to develop and test a suitable thermal-based method to enhance titanium surface wettability without modifying other characteristics of the implant surface.

Stanozolol promotes osteogenic gene expression and apposition of bone mineral in vitro.

Unlabelled: Stanozolol (ST) is a synthetic androgen with high anabolic potential. Although it is known that androgens play a positive role in bone metabolism, ST action on bone cells has not been sufficiently tested to support its clinical use for bone augmentation procedures.

Objective: This study aimed to assess the effects of ST on osteogenic activity and gene expression in SaOS-2 cells.

Osteoblasts preferentially adhere to peaks on micro-structured titanium.

The aim of the study was to investigate cell adhesion to micro-structured titanium. Osteoblastic MC3T3 cells were cultured on smooth (P) or sand-blasted/acid-etched (SLA) titanium discs and were observed at scanning electron microscope/focused ion beam (SEM/FIB). Myosin II and actin microfilaments were labelled for epifluorescence microscopy.

Combined photographic and ultrasonographic measurement of the ANB angle: a pilot study.

Objective: This study was performed to evaluate the feasibility of noninvasive measurement of the ANB angle using photographic and ultrasonographic methods.

Methods: Twenty consecutive orthodontic patients were evaluated. The ANB angle and soft tissue thickness covering the N, A, and B cephalometric points were measured by lateral teleradiography; these measurements were made by two expert operators.

Applicability of tooth derived stem cells in neural regeneration.

Within the nervous system, regeneration is limited, and this is due to the small amount of neural stem cells, the inhibitory origin of the stem cell niche and often to the development of a scar which constitutes a mechanical barrier for the regeneration. Regarding these aspects, many efforts have been done in the research of a cell component that combined with scaffolds and growth factors could be suitable for nervous regeneration in regenerative medicine approaches. Autologous mesenchymal stem cells represent nowadays the ideal candidate for this aim, thank to their multipotency and to their amount inside adult tissues.

"Over-inlay" block graft and differential morphometry: a novel block graft model to study bone regeneration and host-to-graft interfaces in rats.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to present new a model that allows the study of the bone healing process, with an emphasis on the biological behavior of different graft-to-host interfaces. A standardized "over-inlay" surgical technique combined with a differential histomorphometric analysis is presented in order to optimize the use of critical-size calvarial defects in pre-clinical testing.

Methods: Critical-size defects were created into the parietal bone of 8 male Wistar rats.

Comparison of Environmental Scanning Electron Microscopy in Low Vacuum or wet mode for the investigation of cell biomaterial interactions.

Aim: The aim of the present study was to investigate the efficacy of environmental scanning electron microscopy (ESEM), in low vacuum mode (LV-ESEM) and in wet mode (wet-ESEM) in the assessment of cell-material interactions.

Methods: Mouse calvaria MC3T3 cells (ATCC) were seeded on commercially pure machined titanium discs of 10 mm diameter in Dulbecco modified MEM, 10% Fetal Bovine Serum, 1% Penicillin and Streptomycin and 1% Glutamine. Samples were then processed for microscope observation by rinse in Phosphate Buffer saline and fixation in 4.

Role of prostaglandin E2 in the modulation of Wnt canonical signaling in cells on microstructured titanium surfaces.

Background: Rough surface topography enhances the activation of Wnt canonical signaling, a pathway required for osteoblast differentiation. The present study investigated the effects of the modulation of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) signaling on osteoblastic differentiation on titanium surfaces for endosseous implants with different topographies.

Methods: C2C12 cells were plated on polished or acid-etched/sand-blasted (SLA) titanium discs and stimulated with 1 μM PGE2 or 100 nM cyclooxygenase inhibitor indomethacin.

Photogrammetric method to measure the discrepancy between clinical and software-designed positions of implants.

Statement Of Problem: The position of dental implants placed with software-guided systems should be highly accurate in order to ensure safety and a passive fit of the immediate prosthesis.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to measure the discrepancy between the clinical and software-planned position of dental implants by applying a photogrammetric method.

Material And Methods: Two casts were obtained, 1 from the surgical template and 1 from the actual position of the implants on the alveolar ridge of a patient.

Chitosan-based scaffold modified with D-(+) raffinose for cartilage repair: an in vivo study.

Background: Osteochondral defects significantly affect patients' quality of life and represent challenging tissue lesions, because of the poor regenerative capacity of cartilage. Tissue engineering has long sought to promote cartilage repair, by employing artificial scaffolds to enhance cell capacity to deposit new cartilage. An ideal biomaterial should closely mimic the natural environment of the tissue, to promote scaffold colonization, cell differentiation and the maintenance of a differentiated cellular phenotype.

The effect of age, gender, and insertion site on marginal bone loss around endosseous implants: results from a 3-year trial with premium implant system.

Objectives: The goal of this study was to evaluate bone changes around endosseous implants in partially edentulous patients.

Materials And Methods: A total of 632 two-stage implants were placed in 252 patients. The implants had straight emergence profile, ZirTi surface, 3.

Correlation between density and resorption of fresh-frozen and autogenous bone grafts.

Trial Design: This analysis compared the outcome of fresh-frozen versus autologous bone block grafts for horizontal ridge augmentation in patients with Cawood and Howell class IV atrophies.

Methods: Seventeen patients received autologous grafts and 21 patients received fresh-frozen bone grafts. Patients underwent CT scans 1 week and 6 months after surgery for graft volume and density analysis.

Fresh-frozen bone blocks for horizontal ridge augmentation in the upper maxilla: 6-month outcomes of a randomized controlled trial.

Purpose: This randomized controlled trial compared fresh-frozen versus autologous bone blocks for maxillary horizontal ridge augmentation in patients with Cawood and Howell class IV atrophies.

Materials And Methods: Twenty-four patients were allocated to the autologous and fresh-frozen groups in a 1:1 ratio. Patients underwent computed tomography scans 1 week and 6 months after surgery for graft volume and density analysis.