Multivisceral resection for retroperitoneal liposarcoma-is it worth it? A 20-year single-center experience.

Purpose: Soft tissue sarcomas are rare malignant tumors. Liposarcoma constitutes the most frequent histological subtype of retroperitoneal sarcoma. The prognosis of soft tissue sarcomas depends on clinical and histologic characteristics.

Effects of N-acetylcysteine on the inflammatory response and bacterial translocation in a model of intestinal obstruction and ischemia in rats.

Purpose: To evaluate effect of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) associated with Ringer lactate or hypertonic saline in inflammation and bacterial translocation on experimental intestinal obstruction (IO).

Methods: Wistar rats was subjected to IO. Six or 24 hours after, rats were subjected to enterectomy and fluid resuscitation: IO, RL (subjected to the same procedures but with fluid resuscitation using Ringer's lactate solution); RLNAC (added NAC to Ringer's solution); and HSNAC (surgical procedure + fluid reposition with 7.

Which Model Is Better to Teach How to Perform Tube Thoracostomy: Synthetic, Cadaver, or Animal?

Introduction: The lack of standardized skill training reported by medical students in performing tube thoracostomies may be associated with higher complications. The ideal training model is yet to be determined. This study sought to evaluate three different models.

Assessment of left ventricle myocardial deformation in a hemorrhagic shock swine model by two-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography.

Background: Trauma-induced secondary cardiac injury has been associated with significant adverse cardiovascular events. Speckle tracking echocardiography is a novel technology that allows an accurate and reproducible cardiac structure and function assessment. We evaluated the left ventricle (LV) myocardial deformation by speckle tracking echocardiography in a hemorrhagic shock (HS) swine model.

Histological analysis of the intestinal wall of newborn rats submitted to hypoxia and reoxygenation to evaluate the protective effect of N-Acetylcysteine.

Purpose: To evaluate the effect of N-Acetylcysteine (NAC) in newborn rats submitted to hypoxia and reoxygenation (H/R) conditions in an experimental model of necrotizing enterocolitis.

Methods: Eight pregnant rats and their 70 cubs were used (5 groups) and exposed to H/R conditions and received NAC at different times. The animals in the H/R groups were placed in a gas chamber (100% CO2) for 10 minutes and then reoxygenated for 10 minutes (100% O2), twice a day for the first three days of life, with a six-hour span between events.

-Acetylcysteine Reduced Ischemia and Reperfusion Damage Associated with Steatohepatitis in Mice.

-acetylcysteine (NAC) is a pharmacological alternative with great potential for reducing the deleterious effects of surgical procedures on patients with steatohepatitis. We evaluated the effect of NAC on hepatic ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury in C57BL/6J mice, 8 weeks-old, weighing 25-30 g, with steatohepatitis induced by a methionine- and choline-deficient (MCD) diet. Groups: MCD group (steatohepatitis), MCD-I/R group (steatohepatitis plus 30 min of 70% liver ischemia and 24 h of reperfusion), MCD-I/R+NAC group (same as MCD-I/R group plus 150 mg/kg NAC 15 min before ischemia), and control group (normal AIN-93M diet).

Does a bilateral polypropylene mesh alter the duct deferens morphology, testicular size and testosterone levels? Experimental study in rats.

Purpose: To evaluate the effect of a PP mesh on duct deferens morphology, testicular size and testosterone levels.

Methods: Forty adult male rats were distributed into groups: 1) no surgery; 2) inguinotomy; 3) mesh placed on the duct deferens; and 4) mesh placed on the spermatic funiculus. After 90 postoperative days, the inguinal region was resected, and blood samples were collected for the measurement of serum testosterone (pg/dl).

Anorectal Malformation: State of the Art in Translating Experimental Research to the Bedside.

The embryology of anorectal malformation (ARM) is a controversial issue. The study in humans is difficult due to the scarcity of fetuses with this anomaly. Therefore, ARM animal models, naturally obtained or induced by drugs, have been employed to understand physiopathology and possible treatments.

Continuous peritoneal lavage with vacuum peritoneostomy: an experimental study.

Objective: Despite advances in diffuse peritonitis treatment protocols, some cases develop unfavorably. With the advent of vacuum therapy, the use of laparostomy to treat peritonitis has gained traction. Another treatment modality is continuous peritoneal lavage.

Hypertonic saline and pentoxifylline enhance survival, reducing apoptosis and oxidative stress in a rat model of strangulated closed loop small bowel obstruction.

Objectives: Intestinal obstruction has a high mortality rate when therapeutic treatment is delayed. Resuscitation in intestinal obstruction requires a large volume of fluid, and fluid combinations have been studied. Therefore, we evaluated the effects of hypertonic saline solution (HS) with pentoxifylline (PTX) on apoptosis, oxidative stress and survival rate.

Oxidative stress assessment in intestine of newborn rats submitted to hypoxia and reoxygenation with tadalafil.

Purpose: To evaluate the functional and structural response of tadalafil effects in the intestinal mucosa, using an experimental model of hypoxia and reoxygenation injury in rats.

Methods: The animals were divided into 4 groups: CTL, H/R, H/R+Td and M+Td. The newborn rats allocated in groups H/R, H/R+Td and M+Td were submitted twice a day, to a gas chamber with CO2 at 100% for 10 minutes and afterward reoxygenation with O2 at 98% for 10 minutes, in the three first days of life.

Oxidative stress on ischemia/reperfusion injury in mice with non-alcoholic hepatic steatosis or steatohepatitis.

Purpose: To evaluate the oxidative stress, resulting from ischemia and hepatic reperfusion, in mice with non-alcoholic hepatic steatosis and steatohepatitis.

Methods: C57BL/6 male mice were used. Part of them were ob/ob mice, and the other part was fed with standard or MCD diets - this last used to develop steatohepatitis.

Endoscopic approach for management of biliary strictures in liver transplant recipients: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Unlabelled: The most common biliary complication after liver transplantation is anastomotic stricture (AS) and it can occur isolated or in combination with other complications. Liver graft from a cadaveric donor or a living donor has an influence on the incidence of biliary strictures as well as on the response to endoscopic treatment. Endoscopic treatment using balloon dilation and insertion of biliary stents by endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is the initial approach to these complications.

Bacterial translocation and mortality on rat model of intestinal ischemia and obstruction.

Purpose:: To develop an experimental model of intestinal ischemia and obstruction followed by surgical resection of the damaged segment and reestablishment of intestinal transit, looking at bacterial translocation and survival.

Methods:: After anesthesia, Wistar rats was subject to laparotomy, intestinal ischemia and obstruction through an ileal ligature 1.5cm of ileum cecal valve; and the mesenteric vessels that irrigate upstream of the obstruction site to approximately 7 to 10 cm were ligated.

Animal model of continuous peritoneal lavage with vacuum peritoneostomy.

Purpose:: To establish and evaluate the feasibility of continuous peritoneal lavage with vacuum peritoneostomy in an animal model.

Methods:: Eight pigs aged 3-4 months, females, were anesthetized and submitted to laparotomy and installation of a continuous peritoneal lavage with vacuum peritoneostomy. The sta-bility of the system, the physiological effects of washing with NaCl 0.

Neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis rat model attenuated by a remote ischemic preconditioning in the pregnant.

Purpose:: To evaluate the effect of remote ischemic preconditioning (r-IPC) administered to pregnant rats, in the ileum of newborn rats subjected to hypoxia and reoxygenation.

Methods:: We used three pregnant rats and their newborn rats distributed in three groups: 1) Control (C) - Newborn rats born from a pregnant rat which did not undergo any intervention; 2) Hypoxia-Reoxygenation (H/R) - Newborn rats born from a pregnant rat which did not undergo any intervention, and were subjected to hypoxia-reoxygenation; 3) Remote Ischemic Preconditioning (r-IPC) - newborn rats born from a pregnant rat which was subjected to remote ischemic preconditioning twenty-four hours before giving birth and the newborn rats were subjected to hypoxia-reoxygenation. Segments of ileum were prepared for histological analysis by HE and immunohistochemistry by the Ki67 to evaluate cell proliferation, crypt depth and villus height and evaluation of apoptosis by cleaved caspase-3.

Remote ischemic preconditioning and tacrolimus in the fetal small bowel transplant in mice.

Purpose:: To evaluate the effect of remote ischemic preconditioning (IPC-R) in the fetal small bowel transplantation model.

Methods:: Two groups were constituted: The Isogenic transplant (ISO, C57BL/6 mice, n=24) and the allogenic transplant (ALO, BALB/c mice, n=24). In each group, the animals were distributed with and without IPC-R.

High performance mass spectrometry based proteomics reveals enzyme and signaling pathway regulation in neutrophils during the early stage of surgical trauma.

Purpose: In clinical conditions trauma is associated with high mortality and morbidity. Neutrophils play a key role in the development of multiple organ failure after trauma EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: To have a detailed understanding of the neutrophil activation at primary stages after trauma, neutrophils are isolated from control and surgical trauma rats in this study. Extracted proteins are analyzed using nano liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry.

N-acetylcysteine reduces the renal oxidative stress and apoptosis induced by hemorrhagic shock.

Background: Renal ischemia/reperfusion injury induced by hemorrhagic shock (HS) and subsequent fluid resuscitation is a common cause of acute renal failure. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of combining N-acetylcysteine (NAC) with fluid resuscitation on renal injury in rats that underwent HS.

Materials And Methods: Two groups of male Wistar rats were induced to controlled HS at 35 mm Hg mean arterial pressure for 60 min.

Ischemic preconditioning modifies mortality and inflammatory response.

Purpose: To evaluate the effect of ischemic preconditioning on mortality, inflammatory mediators and oxidative stress after intestinal ischemia and reperfusion.

Methods: Male Wistar rats were allocated according to the period of ischemia with or without ischemic preconditioning which consist on clamping the superior mesenteric artery for 10 minutes followed by reperfusion for 10 minutes before the sustained ischemia period. Mortality was assessed in Phase 1 study, and the CINC-1, CINC-2 and MDA levels in the lungs were analyzed in Phase 2.

Progressive Evaluation of Apoptosis, Proliferation, and Angiogenesis in Fresh Rat Ovarian Autografts Under Remote Ischemic Preconditioning.

This study evaluated the remote ischemic preconditioning (R-IPC) early and late repercussion on fresh ovarian transplants, aiming to assess a probable protective effect in ovarian follicular pool. Sixty Wistar EPM-1 rats were used, divided in 2 study groups: ovarian transplantation (Tx) and Tx + R-IPC, submitted to ovary transplant with or without R-IPC, respectively. These groups were subdivided according to the date for euthanasia: 4th, 7th, 14th, 21st, and 30th days of the postoperatory period.

Open abdomen management: single institution experience.

Objective: to evaluate the outcome of abdominal wall integrity of both techniques.

Methods: a retrospective study was carried out at the Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, identifying the patients undergoing temporary abdominal closure (TAC) from January 2005 to December 2011. Data were collected through the review of clinical charts.

Polypropylene and polypropylene/polyglecaprone (Ultrapro®) meshes in the repair of incisional hernia in rats.

Purpose: To compare the inflammatory response of three different meshes on abdominal hernia repair in an experimental model of incisional hernia.

Methods: Median fascial incision and skin synthesis was performed on 30 Wistar rats. After 21 days, abdominal hernia developed was corrected as follows: 1) No mesh; 2) Polypropylene mesh; and, 3) Ultrapro(r) mesh.

Effect of N-acetylcysteine in hearts of rats submitted to controlled hemorrhagic shock.

Introduction: Pharmacological therapy is a strategy for the prevention of complications associated with ischemia and reperfusion injury that occurs after volume replacement in the treatment of hemorrhagic shock.

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of N-acetylcysteine associated with fluid resuscitation in cardiac injury in a rat hemorrhagic shock model.

Methods: Mice Wister male rats were randomly and subjected to controlled hemorrhagic shock for 60 min.