Relationship between Augmentation Index and Wall Thickening Fraction during Hypotension in an Animal Model of Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion and Heart Failure.

Aims: Non-invasive indices to evaluate left ventricular changes during ischemic heart failure are needed to quantify the myocardial impairment and the effectiveness of therapeutic manoeuvres. The aims of this work were to calculate the Wall Thickening Fraction (WTF) and the Augmentation Index (AIx) and to assess the relationship between WTF and AIx using data obtained from an animal model with heart failure followed by a myocardial ischemia stage and a reperfusion stage.

Methods: Nine Corriedale sheep that had been monitored for 10 minutes during a basal stage underwent 5-minute myocardial ischemia, followed by 60-minute reperfusion.

Characteristics and Determinants of Pulse Pressure-Age Relationship in Healthy and Non-treated Hypertensive Subjects of Argentinean Population.

Background: The relationship between the increases in pulse pressure (PP) and arterial stiffness determined by aging or systemic hypertension has been widely reported. These findings are supported by large-cohort analyzes conducted in well-known populations, such as Framingham Study. However, there is evidence that an age-PP curvilinear relationship may exist in hypertensive subjects.

Central Blood Pressure Waves Assessment: A Validation Study of Non-invasive Aortic Pressure Measurement in Human Beings.

Introduction: Measurement of central (aortic) systolic blood pressure has been shown to provide reliable information to evaluate target organ damage. However, non-invasive central blood pressure measurement procedures are still under analysis.

Aim: To compare human pressure waveforms invasively obtained in the aorta, with the corresponding waveforms non-invasively recorded using an oscillometric device (Mobil-O-Graph).

Reference intervals and percentiles for carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity in a healthy population aged between 9 and 87 years.

There is little information regarding age-related reference intervals (RIs) of carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV) for large healthy populations in South America. The aims of this study were to determine cfPWV RIs and percentiles in a cohort of healthy children, adolescents, and adults and to generate year-to-year percentile curves and body-height percentile curves for children and adolescents. cfPWV was measured in 1722 healthy participants with no cardiovascular risk factors (9-87 years, 60% men).

Arterial Stiffness and Renal Replacement Therapy: A Controversial Topic.

The increase of arterial stiffness has been to have a significant impact on predicting mortality in end-stage renal disease patients. Pulse wave velocity (PWV) is a noninvasive, reliable parameter of regional arterial stiffness that integrates the vascular geometry and arterial wall intrinsic elasticity and is capable of predicting cardiovascular mortality in this patient population. Nevertheless, reports on PWV in dialyzed patients are contradictory and sometimes inconsistent: some reports claim the arterial wall stiffness increases (i.

Effects of removing the adventitia on the mechanical properties of ovine femoral arteries in vivo and in vitro.

Background: The aims were to characterize in muscular arteries (a) the passive and active effects of the adventitia on vessel biomechanical properties and conduit function (CF), and (b) potential differences between the adventitial role in elastic and muscular arteries.

Methods And Results: Ovine femoral arteries were studied in vivo and in vitro (reduced smooth muscle-tone) in a circulation mock-up during hemodynamic conditions similar to those found in vivo. Pressure and diameter were assessed before and after removing the adventitia.