Labour market evolution is a key determinant of global agroeconomic and environmental futures.

Long-term labour market evolution shapes agricultural transformation through labour productivity growth and labour market transitions. Despite its importance in agricultural production, labour has been overlooked when exploring the agrifood-water-environment-climate nexus. Here we incorporate evolving labour markets into multisector dynamic modelling to examine their agroeconomic and environmental implications.

Developing a question prompt tool to prevent and manage early cardiovascular disease after hypertensive pregnancy: qualitative interviews with women and clinicians.

Background: Persons (henceforth, women) who have hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) are at risk of premature cardiovascular disease (CVD). While largely preventable through lifestyle management, many women and clinicians are unaware of the risk. Based on prior research, we developed a question prompt tool (QPT) on preventing and managing CVD after HDP.

The Geographic Distribution of Vascular Surgeons and Trainees by State in 2023.

Background: Approximately 1.4 vascular surgeons/100,000 persons are estimated to fulfill current patient needs in the United States (US), but an ongoing shortage exists. The aims of this study are to provide an updated nationwide state-by-state workforce analysis and compare the distribution of practicing vascular surgeons and training opportunities.

"It's my Home away from Home:" A hermeneutic phenomenological study exploring decision-making experiences of choosing a freestanding birth centre for perinatal care.

Problem: The high-value, midwifery-led birth centre (BC) model of care is underutilized in the United States, a country with high rates of obstetric intervention and maternal morbidity and mortality.

Background: Birth setting decision-making is a complex, preference-sensitive, and resource-dependent process. Understanding how people choose BCs for care may help increase the utilization of BCs and generate positive perinatal outcomes.

Switzerland's Midwifery Model of Postpartum Care.

Switzerland's midwifery model of postpartum care is described and compared to postpartum care in the United States.

NAPRT Silencing in FH-Deficient Renal Cell Carcinoma Confers Therapeutic Vulnerabilities via NAD+ Depletion.

Hereditary leiomyomatosis and renal cell carcinoma (HLRCC) is caused by loss of function mutations in fumarate hydratase (FH) and results in an aggressive subtype of renal cell carcinoma with limited treatment options. Loss of FH leads to accumulation of fumarate, an oncometabolite that disrupts multiple cellular processes and drives tumor progression. High levels of fumarate inhibit alpha ketoglutarate-dependent dioxygenases, including the ten-eleven translocation (TET) enzymes, and can lead to global DNA hypermethylation.

Uncertainty in Maternity Care.

The Editor in Chief reflects on uncertainty in maternity care.

Potential long-term, global effects of enhancing the domestic terrestrial carbon sink in the United States through no-till and cover cropping.

Background: Achieving a net zero greenhouse gas United States (US) economy is likely to require both deep sectoral mitigation and additional carbon dioxide removals to offset hard-to-abate emissions. Enhancing the terrestrial carbon sink, through practices such as the adoption of no-till and cover cropping agricultural management, could provide a portion of these required offsets. Changing domestic agricultural practices to optimize carbon content, however, might reduce or shift US agricultural commodity outputs and exports, with potential implications on respective global markets and land use patterns.

Otology and Audiology: Complications, Challenges, and Concerns in the Patient With Cleft Lip and/or Palate.

Cleft lip and/or palate, a treatable congenital condition, affects around 1 in 700 births, placing a large burden of care on those affected. A multidisciplinary approach to treating the patient involves not only cleft surgery but also a wide array of treatments and preventative therapies to prevent further disease. In this review, the otolaryngology subspecialties, otology and audiology, are discussed in relation to orofacial clefts.

Nurses' Perceived Effects of Visitor Restrictions in Hospital Maternity Units.

Purpose: To explore how perinatal nurses perceive the effects of visitor restrictions on patient care within a hospital setting.

Study Design And Methods: We distributed a cross-sectional survey online to perinatal nurses in May of 2022. Characteristics of respondents were analyzed using descriptive statistics.

Limited increases in Arctic offshore oil and gas production with climate change and the implications for energy markets.

Climate change impacts on sea ice thickness is opening access to offshore Arctic resources. The degree to which these resources are exploited will depend on sea-ice conditions, technology costs, international energy markets, and the regulatory environment. We use an integrated human-Earth system model, GCAM, to explore the effects of spatial-temporal patterns of sea-ice loss under climate change on future Arctic offshore oil and gas extraction, considering interactions with global energy markets and emission reduction scenarios.

Updates for Journal of Obstetric, Gynecologic, & Neonatal Nursing in 2024.

to follow.

Communication Between Pregnant People of Color and Prenatal Care Providers in the United States: An Integrative Review.

Introduction: Racism and discrimination negatively affect patient-provider communication. Yet, pregnant people of color consistently report being discriminated against, disrespected, and ignored. The purpose of this integrated review was to identify studies that examined communication between pregnant people of color and their prenatal care providers and evaluate the factors and outcomes arising from communication.

Reproductive and margin of safety of a fixed-dose combination injectable endectocide (0.2 mg/kg doramectin; 6.0 mg/kg levamisole hydrochloride) in cattle.

We present a fixed-dose combination injectable (FDCI) solution for cattle formulated for a single subcutaneous administration at a dose rate of 1 ml/25 kg of body weight to deliver a dose of 0.2 mg/kg of doramectin and 6.0 mg/kg of levamisole hydrochloride (5.

Validating the Generalizability of Ophthalmic Artificial Intelligence Models on Real-World Clinical Data.

Purpose: This study aims to investigate generalizability of deep learning (DL) models trained on commonly used public fundus images to an instance of real-world data (RWD) for glaucoma diagnosis.

Methods: We used Illinois Eye and Ear Infirmary fundus data set as an instance of RWD in addition to six publicly available fundus data sets. We compared the performance of DL-trained models on public data and RWD for glaucoma classification and optic disc (OD) segmentation tasks.

Ratcheting of climate pledges needed to limit peak global warming.

The new and updated emission reduction pledges submitted by countries ahead of COP26 represent a meaningful strengthening of global ambition compared to the 2015 Paris pledges. Yet, limiting global warming below 1.5°C this century will require countries to ratchet ambition for 2030 and beyond.

Taking stock of nationally determined contributions: Continued ratcheting of ambition is critical to limit global warming to 1.5°C.

As countries take stock of progress made in accomplishing their climate goals ahead of COP28 this year, it is increasingly apparent that countries must ratchet ambition in policy areas such as non-CO gases and carbon dioxide removal, while halting deforestation to lead the globe on a path consistent with the goals of the Paris Agreement.

Role of non-CO greenhouse gas emissions in limiting global warming.

Current climate pledges are insufficient to achieve the aspirational goal of limiting global warming to 1.5°C. Here we discuss the critical role that non-CO greenhouse gas emissions might play in global climate change stabilization, and challenges and opportunities to pivot research and policy focus towards accelerated reductions of non-CO gases.

Nulliparous Women's Expectations and Experiences of Early Labor.

Purpose: To describe the expectations of early labor by nulliparous pregnant women in their third trimester and first-time mothers' experiences of early labor after they had given birth.

Study Design And Methods: A descriptive qualitative approach involving semi-structured, video-call interviews conducted between September 2020 and April 2021. Data were analyzed using content analysis.

Experiences of Midwives Attending Home Births in Massachusetts During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Introduction: Public interest in home birth in the United States increased during the COVID-19 pandemic. Midwives attend the vast majority of home births and are experts in providing home birth care. However, limited data are available about the experiences of midwives attending home births during the pandemic in the United States.

Agriculture, bioenergy, and water implications of constrained cereal trade and climate change impacts.

International trade increases connections and dependencies between countries, weaving a network of global supply chains. Agricultural commodity trade has implications for crop producers, consumers, crop prices, water and land uses, and other human systems. Interconnections among these systems are not always easy to observe when external impacts penetrate across multiple sectors.

Describing the transition from late pregnancy into early labour - A prospective cohort study.

Objective: The time between self-assessed first symptoms and clinical confirmation of labour onset is marked by uncertainty, particularly for primiparas. Accordingly, primiparas often seek professional care to confirm their perceptions of labour onset. This paper describes the transition into early labour among primiparas considering their level of certainty in labour onset and their perception of labour onset symptoms prior to birth.

Net-Zero CO by 2050 Scenarios for the United States in the Energy Modeling Forum 37 Study.

The Energy Modeling Forum (EMF) 37 study on deep decarbonization and high electrification analyzed a set of scenarios that achieve economy-wide net-zero carbon dioxide (CO) emissions in North America by mid-century, exploring the implications of different technology evolutions, policies, and behavioral assumptions affecting energy supply and demand. For this paper, 16 modeling teams reported resulting emissions projections, energy system evolution, and economic activity. This paper provides an overview of the study, documents the scenario design, provides a roadmap for complementary forthcoming papers from this study, and offers an initial summary and comparison of results for net-zero CO by 2050 scenarios in the United States.