Not Only How Much But How: The Importance Of Diversifying Funding Streams In A Reimagined Public Health System.

Revenue diversification may be a synergistic strategy for transforming public health, yet few national or trend data are available. This study quantified and identified patterns in revenue diversification in public health before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. We used National Association of County and City Health Officials' National Profile of Local Health Departments study data for 2013, 2016, 2019, and 2022 to calculate a yearly diversification index for local health departments.

Optimum Refractive Target in Patients with Bilateral Implantation of Extended Depth of Focus Intraocular Lenses.

Purpose: To determine the refractive target of extended depth of focus (EDOF) intraocular lenses in dominant and non-dominant eyes which provides the best binocular vision at all ranges after cataract surgery.

Patients And Methods: This retrospective, single-center, non-comparative study included 47 patients who had undergone bilateral cataract surgery with implantation of EDOF IOLs (Tecnis Symfony or Tecnis Symfony Toric) targeting emmetropia in both eyes. Binocular uncorrected visual acuity at distance (UDVA), near (UNVA), intermediate (UIVA), and manifest refraction spherical equivalent (MRSE) were recorded between 1 and 3 months after the second-eye cataract surgery.

Transient Intraocular Pressure Fluctuations: Source, Magnitude, Frequency, and Associated Mechanical Energy.

Purpose: To characterize intraocular pressure (IOP) dynamics by identifying the sources of transient IOP fluctuations and quantifying the frequency, magnitude, associated cumulative IOP-related mechanical energy, and temporal distribution.

Methods: IOP was monitored at 500 Hz for periods of 16 to 451 days in nine normal eyes of six conscious, unrestrained nonhuman primates using a validated, fully implanted wireless telemetry system. IOP transducers were calibrated every two weeks via anterior chamber cannulation manometry.

The Public Health Uniform National Data System (PHUND$): A Platform for Monitoring Fiscal Health and Sustainability of the Public Health System.

Context: Leaders of government agencies are responsible for stewardship over taxpayer investments. Stewardship strengthens agency performance that is critical to improving population health. Most industries, including health care, and public enterprises, such as education, have policies for uniform data reporting and financial systems for the application of theoretical analytical techniques to organizations and entire systems.

The First Nationally Representative Benchmark of the Local Governmental Public Health Workforce: Findings From the 2017 Public Health Workforce Interests and Needs Survey.

Context: A changing public health landscape requires local governmental health departments (LHDs) to have a workforce prepared to meet complex challenges. While previous assessments looked at organizational data on the LHD workforce, the Public Health Workforce Interests and Needs Survey (PH WINS) is the first nationally representative survey to examine individual perceptions of training needs, workplace environment, job satisfaction, and awareness of emerging concepts in public health.

Objectives: Characterize key interests and needs of the local governmental public health workforce.

Postoperative Inflammation After Endoscopic Cyclophotocoagulation: Racial Distribution and Effect on Outcomes.

Purpose: To assess the prevalence of postoperative anterior chamber reaction or persistent anterior uveitis (PAU) by race and its effect on intraocular pressure (IOP) and visual acuity (VA) after combined phacoemulsification and endoscopic cyclophotocoagulation (ECP) in primary open-angle glaucoma.

Patients And Methods: A retrospective analysis of all patients with primary open-angle glaucoma who underwent combined phacoemulsification cataract extraction with ECP from January 1, 2007 to October 31, 2015. VA, IOP, presence of anterior chamber cells, steroid treatment, and number of IOP lowering drops were analyzed preoperatively and up to 3 months postoperatively.

Specificity of a conductance assay for enumeration of Escherichia coli from broiler carcass rinse samples containing genetically similar species.

Experiments were conducted to evaluate the specificity of a rapid method for enumeration of Escherichia coli from fresh broiler chicken carcasses. In three separate trials, E. coli, Citrobacter freundii, Salmonella Enteritidis, and Shigella sonnei were serially diluted and then inoculated into identical broiler chicken carcass rinses.

Evaluation of a conductance method for enumerating Escherichia coli on chicken, pork, fish, beef, and milk.

Experiments were conducted to evaluate a rapid method for enumerating Escherichia coli on food products of animal origin. In study I, rinses from samples of chicken, ground beef, pork, and fish and samples of milk were inoculated with various levels of actively growing E. coli.

A rapid microbiological method for enumerating Escherichia coli from broiler chicken carcasses.

Experiments were conducted to evaluate a rapid method for enumerating Escherichia coli from broiler chicken carcasses. In three separate trials, carcasses were obtained from a commercial processing plant, temperature abused at 37 degrees C for 0, 3, 6, 9, or 12 h, and then rinsed. E.

Using a symbiotic man/machine approach to evaluating visual clinical research data.

Some candidate medical expert system applications have a significant visual component. Knowledge engineers usually dismiss such task domains as potential expert systems applications. Our success in developing ESCA, a system for evaluating serial coronary angiograms, shows that such task domains should not be dismissed so quickly.

Immunopathologic and clinical studies in pulmonary hypertension associated with systemic lupus erythematosus.

PH is an uncommon manifestation of SLE. The symptoms of PH develop within a few years after the onset of the multisystem disease. The most common presenting complaints of SLE patients with PH are dyspnea on exertion, chest pain, nonproductive cough, edema, and fatigue or weakness.

Studies on the origin of androstanediol and androstanediol glucuronide in young and elderly men.

The in vivo origin of androstanediol (3 alpha diol) and its glucuronide was studied in six young and five elderly men undergoing cardiac catheterization. Constant infusions of [14C]testosterone and [3H]3 alpha diol were given, and blood was obtained from the aorta and hepatic vein in order to measure metabolic clearance, splanchnic extraction, and the possibility of splanchnic production of both 3 alpha diol and its glucuronide. In young elderly men, the concentrations of labeled and unlabeled testosterone, dihydrotestosterone, and 3 alpha diol were lower in the hepatic vein than in the aorta.

Alteration in the metabolism of dihydrotestosterone in elderly men with prostate hyperplasia.

In vivo androgen kinetics were determined in six young (21--49 yr) and elderly men (62-77 yr) with prostatge hyperplasia (BPH). Steady-state infusions of [14C]testosterone and [3H]androstanediol (3 alpha diol) were given, which allowed determination of the conversions testosterone leads to dihydrotesterone (DHT) in equilibrium or formed from 3 alpha diol. These infusions also yield metabolic clearance data which, together with meaurement of nonisotopic steroid levels, yield estimations of blood production rates.

Direct conversion of testosterone to dihydrotestosterone glucuronide in man.

Tritiated testosterone and [14C]dihydrotestosterone (DHT) were administered by constant iv infusion into five young and five elderly men undergoing diagnostic cardiac catheterization. The radioactivity concentrations of free and conjugated DHT in arterial and hepatic vein blood samples were then determined. The analysis of the 3H:14C ratio of free DHT in arterial and hepatic vein blood showed that in both groups, the 3H:14C ratio of free DHT was the same in arterial and hepatic vein blood, indicating that splanchnic tissue is not the source of blood DHT from testosterone.