Fructose restriction has beneficial effects on adipose tissue distribution but not on serum adipokine levels: Post-hoc analysis of a double-blind randomized controlled trial.

We aimed to examine the effects of isocaloric fructose restriction on adipose tissue distribution and serum adipokines. Individuals with BMI >28 kg/m (n = 44) followed a 6-week fructose-restricted diet and were randomly allocated to (double-blind) oral supplementation with fructose (control) or glucose (intervention) powder three times daily. Visceral (VAT) and subcutaneous (SAT) adipose tissue was quantified with MRI.

Associations between Variability in Between- and Within-Day Dietary Intake with Adiposity and Glucose Homeostasis in Adults: A Systematic Review.

This systematic review aims to comprehensively evaluate the literature regarding the impact of variations in dietary intake, both between- and within-day, on adiposity and glucose metabolism. We included observational and experimental articles obtained from PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane Library, and gray literature until 9 October, 2023, evaluating the impact of between- or within-day variations in meal, energy, or macronutrient intake on these outcomes. Our focus was on adults aged ≥18 y, spanning both healthy individuals and those with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

The Effect of Meal Frequency and Glycemic Index During the Night Shift on Alertness, Hunger, and Gastrointestinal Complaints in Female Health Care Workers-A Two-Armed Randomized Crossover Trial.

Background: Nutrition strategies for night-shift workers could optimize alertness and minimize hunger and reduce gastrointestinal complaints, enhancing safety and well-being.

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the effects of 1 or 3 small meals, with either low or high glycemic index (GI), compared with no meal, on alertness, hunger, and gastrointestinal complaints during the night shift.

Methods: Fifty-one female health care workers, aged 18 to 61 y, participated in a 2-armed randomized crossover design.

"Miffy eats the rainbow!" - A colorful modeling- and reward-based intervention to increase willingness to taste fruit and vegetables in 3-7-year-old children.

Diets rich in fruit and vegetables (F&Vs) improve cognitive functioning and reduce the risk of non-communicable diseases in children. Nevertheless, 59% of Dutch children do not meet recommended intake levels. Given the importance of color in children's food choices, the concept of "eat the rainbow" presents a promising approach.

Association between diet quality and all-cause mortality in a large Dutch cohort.

Food-based dietary guidelines are helpful for governments and health agencies to encourage healthy eating at the population level. In order to assess adherence to such guidelines, index scores have been developed, the version in the Netherlands being the Dutch Healthy Diet-index (2015) (DHD2015-index), which reflect adherence to the 2015 Dutch dietary guidelines. Because a higher diet quality, i.

Diet quality and associations with motivation and ability to consume a healthy diet among adolescents from urban low-income households in Bangladesh.

In low- and middle-income countries, particularly in urban areas, adolescent diets consist mainly of energy-dense and nutrient-poor foods, putting them at risk of malnutrition and non-communicable diseases (NCD). In Bangladesh, little is known about the diet quality of adolescents, their food choices and the drivers of such choices. This study assessed motivations and ability to consume a healthy diet among adolescent girls and boys from low-income urban families and how these drivers were associated with dietary diversity and diet quality.

Fasting and postprandial plasma metabolite responses to a 12-wk dietary intervention in tissue-specific insulin resistance: a secondary analysis of the PERSonalized glucose Optimization through Nutritional intervention (PERSON) randomized trial.

Background: We previously showed that dietary intervention effects on cardiometabolic health were driven by tissue-specific insulin resistance (IR) phenotype: individuals with predominant muscle IR (MIR) benefited more from a low-fat, high-protein, and high-fiber (LFHP) diet, whereas individuals with predominant liver insulin resistance (LIR) benefited more from a high-monounsaturated fatty acid (HMUFA) diet.

Objectives: To further characterize the effects of LFHP and HMUFA diets and their interaction with tissue-specific IR, we investigated dietary intervention effects on fasting and postprandial plasma metabolite profile.

Methods: Adults with MIR or LIR (40-75 y, BMI 25-40 kg/m) were randomly assigned to a 12-wk HMUFA or LFHP diet (n = 242).

Rule-based systems to automatically count bites from meal videos.

Eating behavior is a key factor for nutritional intake and plays a significant role in the development of eating disorders and obesity. The standard methods to detect eating behavior events (i.e.

Development and short evaluation of the Dutch healthy diet index for pregnant women; DHD-P.

Introduction: Diet quality indices provide a quick indicator of overall diet and are commonly used in research and surveillance. We developed a Dutch Healthy Diet for pregnant women (DHD-P) index, comprising 22 components aligned with the 2021 Dutch food-based dietary guidelines for pregnant women. Our evaluation focused on assessing its performance and sensitivity to change.

Fine-mapping analysis including over 254,000 East Asian and European descendants identifies 136 putative colorectal cancer susceptibility genes.

Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified more than 200 common genetic variants independently associated with colorectal cancer (CRC) risk, but the causal variants and target genes are mostly unknown. We sought to fine-map all known CRC risk loci using GWAS data from 100,204 cases and 154,587 controls of East Asian and European ancestry. Our stepwise conditional analyses revealed 238 independent association signals of CRC risk, each with a set of credible causal variants (CCVs), of which 28 signals had a single CCV.

A Systematized Review of the Relationship Between Obesity and Vitamin C Requirements.

Obesity rates have increased globally in recent decades. Body weight is used as a modifiable factor in determining vitamin requirements. Accordingly, vitamin C requirements are volumetrically scaled from data for healthy weight males to other age- and sex-based categories.

Procedure to identify fortified foods in the Dutch branded food database.

Introduction: Information on fortified foods is needed for multiple purposes, including food consumption research and dietary advice. Branded food databases are a valuable source of food label data. European labeling legislation prescribes that food fortification should be indicated in the ingredient list, and nutrient values should be declared under certain conditions.

Immunometabolic Signatures of Circulating Monocytes in Humans With Obesity and Insulin Resistance.

Obesity is associated with chronic inflammation and metabolic complications, including insulin resistance (IR). Immune cells drive inflammation through the rewiring of intracellular metabolism. However, the impact of obesity-related IR on the metabolism and functionality of circulating immune cells, like monocytes, remains poorly understood.

Body composition and body fat distribution in tissue-specific insulin resistance and in response to a 12-week isocaloric dietary macronutrient intervention.

Background: Body composition and body fat distribution are important predictors of cardiometabolic diseases. The etiology of cardiometabolic diseases is heterogenous, and partly driven by inter-individual differences in tissue-specific insulin sensitivity.

Objectives: To investigate (1) the associations between body composition and whole-body, liver and muscle insulin sensitivity, and (2) changes in body composition and insulin sensitivity and their relationship after a 12-week isocaloric diet high in mono-unsaturated fatty acids (HMUFA) or a low-fat, high-protein, high-fiber (LFHP) diet.

Genomics Research of Lifetime Depression in the Netherlands: The BIObanks Netherlands Internet Collaboration (BIONIC) Project.

In this cohort profile article we describe the lifetime major depressive disorder (MDD) database that has been established as part of the BIObanks Netherlands Internet Collaboration (BIONIC). Across the Netherlands we collected data on () lifetime MDD diagnosis in 132,850 Dutch individuals. Currently, = 66,684 of these also have genomewide single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) data.

Hepatic insulin resistance and muscle insulin resistance are characterized by distinct postprandial plasma metabolite profiles: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Tissue-specific insulin resistance (IR) predominantly in muscle (muscle IR) or liver (liver IR) has previously been linked to distinct fasting metabolite profiles, but postprandial metabolite profiles have not been investigated in tissue-specific IR yet. Given the importance of postprandial metabolic impairments in the pathophysiology of cardiometabolic diseases, we compared postprandial plasma metabolite profiles in response to a high-fat mixed meal between individuals with predominant muscle IR or liver IR.

Methods: This cross-sectional study included data from 214 women and men with BMI 25-40 kg/m, aged 40-75 years, and with predominant muscle IR or liver IR.

Maternal diet and human milk composition: an updated systematic review.

Context: Exclusive breastfeeding for 6 months after birth provides infants with the best start for life. A review by Bravi et al. summarized the importance of maternal diet as a determinant of human milk composition based on data up to 2015, but evidence on nutrient intake level was limited.

User Requirements in Developing a Novel Dietary Assessment Tool for Children: Mixed Methods Study.

Background: The prevalence of childhood obesity and comorbidities is rising alarmingly, and diet is an important modifiable determinant. Numerous dietary interventions in children have been developed to reduce childhood obesity and overweight rates, but their long-term effects are unsatisfactory. Stakeholders call for more personalized approaches, which require detailed dietary intake data.

Growth and micronutrient status parameters of Nigerian preterm infants consuming preterm formula or breastmilk.

Background: Moderate-to-late preterm infants (32-34 weeks GA) have increased risk of neonatal morbidities compared to term infants, however dedicated nutritional guidelines are lacking.

Methods: Moderate-to-late preterm infants received a preterm formula (n = 17) or breastmilk (n = 24) from age 2-10 weeks in a non-randomized, open-label observational study. Anthropometric measurements were assessed bi-weekly.

Dietary taste patterns and diet quality of female nurses around the night shift.

Purpose: Night shift workers are at risk of making poor food choices: e.g. sleep deprivation may lead to higher food intake with innate preferred tastes, such as sweet, savoury and fatty foods.

Relative validity of habitual sugar and low/no-calorie sweetener consumption assessed by food frequency questionnaire, multiple 24-h dietary recalls and urinary biomarkers: an observational study within the SWEET project.

Background: Studies investigating associations between sweeteners and health yield inconsistent results, possibly due to subjective self-report dietary assessment methods.

Objectives: We compared the performance of a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ), multiple 24-h dietary recalls (24hRs), and urinary biomarkers to estimate intake of sugars and low/no-calorie sweeteners (LNCSs).

Methods: Participants (n = 848, age 54 ± 12 y) from a 2-y observational study completed 1 semiquantitative FFQ and ≥ 3 nonconsecutive 24hRs.