The effect of cumulative energy in repeated subliminal transscleral cyclophotocoagulation: a retrospective study.

Background: The long-term safety and efficacy of repeated applications of subliminal transscleral cyclophotocoagulation (SL-TSCPC) with a focus on cumulative energy was evaluated in glaucoma patients.

Methods: In this retrospective, multicentric study the data of a total of 82 eyes with various causes of glaucoma that were treated with a single or multiple applications of SL-TSCPC were collected. Treatments were performed under general or local anesthesia with an 810 nm diode laser.

The Role of Aquaporin 4 in Lacrimal Gland Ductal Fluid Secretion in Mice.

Purpose: Earlier reports highlighted the predominant presence of aquaporin 4 (AQP4) in the duct cells of rabbit lacrimal glands (LGs). Whereas significant alterations in AQP4 mRNA levels have been observed in experimental dry eye and during pregnancy, the impact of AQP4 in LG ductal fluid production remains unclear. In our recent work, the role of AQP4 in LG ductal fluid secretion was investigated utilizing wild type (WT) and AQP4 knock out (KO) mice.

Sources of Variance in Human Tear Proteomic Samples: Statistical Evaluation, Quality Control, Normalization, and Biological Insight.

Human tear fluid contains numerous compounds, which are present in highly variable amounts owing to the dynamic and multipurpose functions of tears. A better understanding of the level and sources of variance is essential for determining the functions of the different tear components and the limitations of tear samples as a potential biomarker source. In this study, a quantitative proteomic method was used to analyze variations in the tear protein profiles of healthy volunteers.

Long-Term Follow-Up of a Family with Retinal Dystrophy Caused by RPE65 Mutation.

We present here the case histories of two siblings, a boy and a girl, with Leber's congenital amaurosis (LCA). The diagnosis was based on non-recordable full-field electroretinogram (ffERG). The long-term ophthalmologic follow-up included kinetic perimetry (Goldmann), visual evoked potentials with flash stimulation, optical coherence tomography (OCT: B-scan images at the area of fovea), and multifocal ERG.

Optical Coherence Tomography: Focus on the Pathology of Macula in Scleritis Patients.

Unlabelled: Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a non-invasive imaging technique for high-resolution, cross-sectional tissue imaging of the eye. During the past two and a half decades, OCT has become an essential tool in ophthalmology. It is a painless method for examining details of ocular structures in vivo with high resolution that has revolutionized patient care following and treating scleritis patients.

Challenges in the Complex Management of Neglected Cutaneous Melanomas in the Head and Neck Area: A Single Center Experience.

Familiar controversies in the management of head and neck melanomas are more remarkable in locally advanced cases, and they represent a treatment challenge both surgically and oncologically. In our retrospective study, patients with surgically treated primary malignant melanoma of the head and neck region larger than 3 cm in diameter were included. Five patients met our inclusion criteria.

White Dot Syndrome Report in a SARS-CoV-2 Patient.

Our purpose was to report clinical features in bilateral white dot syndrome in a 47-year-old female patient who was tested positive for the SARS-CoV-2. A 47-year-old female visited our department with complaints of bilateral photophobia and blurred vision in both her eyes. She visited our department during the pandemic period after her PCR-proven SARS-CoV-2 positivity.

Human Thelaziosis Caused by Thelazia callipaeda Eyeworm, Hungary.

Ocular infections with Thelazia callipaeda eyeworms in Europe have become more common. We report a case in Hungary caused by T. callipaeda eyeworms in a 45-year-old woman who had no travel history abroad.

An Extensive Study of Phenol Red Thread as a Novel Non-Invasive Tear Sampling Technique for Proteomics Studies: Comparison with Two Commonly Used Methods.

Tear samples are considered in recent publications as easily, noninvasively collectible information sources for precision medicine. Their complex composition may aid the identification of biomarkers and the monitoring of the effectiveness of treatments for the eye and systemic diseases. Sample collection and processing are key steps in any analytical method, especially if subtle personal differences need to be detected.

Orbital Cellulitis following COVID-19 Vaccination.

A 72-year-old male patient was referred to our outpatient clinic with a painful left eye protrusion accompanied by marked conjunctival chemosis and external ophthalmoplegia being progressed despite topical and oral antibiotic therapy. He developed ocular symptoms 9 days after receiving his second SARS-CoV-2 vaccine (VeroCell). Of note, in previous history, 2 weeks after the first dose of the COVID-19 vaccine, he also developed a life-threatening laryngeal oedema treated at an emergency care unit.

TRPM4 links calcium signaling to membrane potential in pancreatic acinar cells.

Transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily M member 4 (TRPM4) is a Ca-activated nonselective cation channel that mediates membrane depolarization. Although, a current with the hallmarks of a TRPM4-mediated current has been previously reported in pancreatic acinar cells (PACs), the role of TRPM4 in the regulation of acinar cell function has not yet been explored. In the present study, we identify this TRPM4 current and describe its role in context of Ca signaling of PACs using pharmacological tools and TRPM4-deficient mice.

The regulatory role of vasoactive intestinal peptide in lacrimal gland ductal fluid secretion: A new piece of the puzzle in tear production.

Purpose: Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) is an important regulator of lacrimal gland (LG) function although the effect of VIP on ductal fluid secretion is unknown. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate the role of VIP in the regulation of fluid secretion of isolated LG ducts and to analyze the underlying intracellular mechanisms.

Methods: LGs from wild-type (WT) and cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) knockout (KO) mice were used.

Alpha-Adrenergic Agonists Stimulate Fluid Secretion in Lacrimal Gland Ducts.

Purpose: The role of adrenergic innervation in the regulation of lacrimal gland (LG) ductal fluid secretion is unknown. The Aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of adrenergic stimulation on fluid secretion in isolated LG duct segments and to study the underlying intracellular mechanisms.

Methods: Fluid secretion of isolated mouse LG ducts was measured using video-microscopy.

The electrophysiological effect of cannabidiol on hERG current and in guinea-pig and rabbit cardiac preparations.

Cannabis use is associated with cardiovascular adverse effects ranging from arrhythmias to sudden cardiac death. The exact mechanism of action behind these activities is unknown. The aim of our work was to study the effect of cannabidiol (CBD), tetrahydrocannabinol and 11-nor-9-carboxy-tetrahydrocannabinol on cellular cardiac electrophysiological properties including ECG parameters, action potentials, hERG and I ion channels in HEK cell line and in rabbit and guinea pig cardiac preparations.

New insight into lacrimal gland function: Role of the duct epithelium in tear secretion.

Tear secretion is a complex process with the involvement of the main and accessory lacrimal glands, corneal and conjunctival epithelial cells and the Meibomian glands. The lacrimal gland is the main source of fluid, electrolytes and proteins in tear fluid. Deficient ion and water secretion results in aqueous deficient dry eye with serious consequences on the integrity of the ocular surface.

Retinal Nerve Fibre Layer Thickness Change After CO2 Laser-Assisted Deep Sclerectomy Surgery.

Purpose: The goal of our study was to investigate changes in intraocular pressure (IOP), best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), and retinal nerve fibre layer thickness (RNFLT) after CO2 laser-assisted deep sclerectomy (CLASS).

Methods: We carried out uncomplicated CLASS surgeries and a 12-month follow-up on 22 open-angle glaucomatous (OAG) eyes of 22 patients. IOP, BCVA, and RNFLT with spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD OCT) were recorded before and 1, 3, 6, 12 months after surgery.

Giant Squamous Cell Papilloma of the Eyelid-Diagnostic and Therapeutic Challenges.

Squamous cell papilloma (SCP) is generally a human papillomavirus (HPV) induced exophytic or endophytic proliferation on the surface of the skin, oral cavity, larynx, esophagus, cervix, vagina, and anal canal. The endophytic type SCP can cause differential diagnostic difficulties with keratoacanthoma, inverted follicular keratosis, and squamous cell carcinoma; however, these lesions are not associated with HPV infection. The authors present a female patient who noticed an extremely rapidly growing tumor destructing the left lower eyelid.

Predominant neurological phenotype in a Hungarian family with two novel mutations in the XPA gene-case series.

Objective: The prevalence of xeroderma pigmentosum (XP) is quite low in Europe, which may result in a delay in determining the appropriate diagnosis. Furthermore, some subtypes of XP, including XPA, may manifest themselves with quite severe neurological symptoms in addition to the characteristic dermatological lesions. Accordingly, the aim of the current study is to highlight the predominant neurological aspects of XPA, as well as mild-to-moderate dermatological signs in a Hungarian family with 5 affected siblings.

Electrochemotherapy in the treatment of locally advanced or recurrent eyelid-periocular basal cell carcinomas.

There is increasing evidence about the effectiveness of electrochemotherapy (ECT) in the treatment of basal cell carcinomas in the head and neck region, although its role in the management of eyelid-periocular skin tumors has to be clarified. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the results of ECT in the treatment of locally advanced primary and recurrent eyelid-periocular skin basal cell carcinomas. Twelve patients with basal cell carcinoma involving the eyelid-periocular skin region were treated with ECT.